The equilibrium membrane potential of K + and Na + where there would be no net movement of the ion throughout the plasma membrane. Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 4Q

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The equilibrium membrane potential of K⁺and Na⁺where there would be no net movement of the ion throughout the plasma membrane.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The membrane potential of animal cell at resting condition.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changing in membrane if a large number of Na⁺ channels suddenly opened by making the membrane more permeable to Na⁺.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changes in membrane ifthe Na⁺ channels are closed again.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Question #5: Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C. At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype. A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following temperatures*: a) 15°C? b) 25°C? *for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the female first (left side) in the cross. Type your answer here:

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 4Q

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The equilibrium membrane potential of K⁺and Na⁺where there would be no net movement of the ion throughout the plasma membrane.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The membrane potential of animal cell at resting condition.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changing in membrane if a large number of Na⁺ channels suddenly opened by making the membrane more permeable to Na⁺.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changes in membrane ifthe Na⁺ channels are closed again.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 4Q

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The equilibrium membrane potential of K⁺and Na⁺where there would be no net movement of the ion throughout the plasma membrane.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The membrane potential of animal cell at resting condition.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changing in membrane if a large number of Na⁺ channels suddenly opened by making the membrane more permeable to Na⁺.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changes in membrane ifthe Na⁺ channels are closed again.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 4Q

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The equilibrium membrane potential of K⁺and Na⁺where there would be no net movement of the ion throughout the plasma membrane.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The membrane potential of animal cell at resting condition.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changing in membrane if a large number of Na⁺ channels suddenly opened by making the membrane more permeable to Na⁺.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changes in membrane ifthe Na⁺ channels are closed again.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 5

Chapter 12, Problem 4Q

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The equilibrium membrane potential of K⁺and Na⁺where there would be no net movement of the ion throughout the plasma membrane.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The membrane potential of animal cell at resting condition.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changing in membrane if a large number of Na⁺ channels suddenly opened by making the membrane more permeable to Na⁺.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changes in membrane ifthe Na⁺ channels are closed again.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Answer 6

Chapter 12, Problem 4Q

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The equilibrium membrane potential of K⁺and Na⁺where there would be no net movement of the ion throughout the plasma membrane.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Answer 7

Chapter 12, Problem 4Q

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The equilibrium membrane potential of K⁺and Na⁺where there would be no net movement of the ion throughout the plasma membrane.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

To explain: The membrane potential of animal cell at resting condition.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

To explain: The membrane potential of animal cell at resting condition.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and havea simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Answer 10

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changing in membrane if a large number of Na⁺ channels suddenly opened by making the membrane more permeable to Na⁺.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changing in membrane if a large number of Na⁺ channels suddenly opened by making the membrane more permeable to Na⁺.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Answer 12

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changes in membrane ifthe Na⁺ channels are closed again.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

To explain: The changes in membrane ifthe Na⁺ channels are closed again.

Introduction: The force that influences to drive an ion across a membrane is made up of two components; one is due to the electrical membrane potential and another is due to the concentration gradient of the ion. At equilibrium constant, two forces of the membrane that is the intracellular force and extra cellular force are balanced and have a simple mathematical relationship known as Nernst equation. Membrane potential of the biological cell refers to the difference in the electric potential between the interior of the cell concentration and the exterior cell concentration.

Answer 14

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Answer 17

Ch. 12 - Prob. 1Q Ch. 12 - Prob. 2Q Ch. 12 - Prob. 3Q Ch. 12 - Prob. 4Q Ch. 12 - Prob. 5Q Ch. 12 - Prob. 6Q Ch. 12 - Prob. 7Q Ch. 12 - Prob. 8Q Ch. 12 - Prob. 9Q Ch. 12 - Prob. 10Q

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