Interpretation:
The amount of NaF (in grams) consumed per day is to be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
Solutions are homogeneous mixtures made up of two components, the solute and the solvent.
The same solutes and solvents can form a number of combinations by varying their amounts. These combinations can be differentiated in terms of concentration of solutions. Concentration of a solution is defined as the amount of solute present in the given amount of solvent.
There are many ways of expressing concentration of solutions, such as mass percent, volume percent, molarity, parts per million.
Mass percent is defined as the mass of solute present in
Volume percent is defined as the mass of solute present in
Parts per million is defined as the mass of solute present in
It is known
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 12 Solutions
Chemistry In Focus
- Fluoridation of city water supplies has been practiced in the United States for several decades. It is done by continuously adding sodium fluoride to water as it comes from a reservoir. Assume you live in a medium-sized city of 150,000 people and that 660 L (170 gal) of water is used per person per day. What mass of sodium fluoride (in kilograms) must be added to the water supply each year (365 days) to have the required fluoride concentration of 1 ppm (part per million)that is, 1 kilogram of fluoride per 1 million kilograms of water? (Sodium fluoride is 45.0% fluoride, and water has a density of 1.00 g/cm3.)arrow_forwardClassify each of the following solutions as saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated based on the following observations made after adding a small piece of solid solute to the solution. a. The added solute rapidly dissolves. b. The added solute falls to the bottom of the container where it remains without any decrease in size. c. The added solute falls to the bottom of the container where it decreases in size for several hours and thereafter its size remains constant. d. The added solute causes the production of a large amount of solid white crystals.arrow_forwardFor each of the following pairs of solutions, select the solution for which solute solubility is greatest. a. Oxygen gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 10C Oxygen gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 20C b. Nitrogen gas in water with P = 2 atm and T = 50C Nitrogen gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 70C c. Table salt in water with P = 1 atm and T = 40C Table salt in water with P = 1 atm and T = 70C d. Table sugar in water with P = 3 atm and T = 30C Table sugar in water with P = 1 atm and T = 80Carrow_forward
- 87. What volume of 0.151 N NaOH is required to neutralize 24.2 mL of 0.125 N H2SO4? What volume of 0.151 N NaOH is required to neutralize 24.2 n1L of 0.125 M H2SO4?arrow_forwardFor each of the following pairs of solutions, select the solution for which solute solubility is greatest. a. Ammonia gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 50C Ammonia gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 90C b. Carbon dioxide gas in water with P = 2 atm and T = 50C Carbon dioxide gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 50C c. Table salt in water with P = 1 atm and T = 60C Table salt in water with P = 1 atm and T = 50C d. Table sugar in water with P = 2 atm and T = 40C Table sugar in water with P = 1 atm and T = 70Carrow_forwardWhat is the normality of a solution that contains 70 grams of HCl in 1 L of H2O? What is the molarity of a 2.5 N solution of HCl? Convert a 5.0 mEq/L calcium standard to mg/dL units. Using the conversion formula to convert from molarity to normality, convert a 2 M CaCl2 solution to its Normality value.arrow_forward
- You want to prepare 42.0 L of solution with a contamination of 50.0 mg/L copper. You start with 42.0 L of tap water and add to it copper sulfate pentahydrate, CuSO4·5(H2O). How many grams copper sulfate petnahydrate will you use?arrow_forwardA 600 mL water sample collected from an industrial wastewater plant was found to contain 9.45 µg of lead (Pb). If the concentration of Pb in this sample is 15 ppb, what is the density (in g/cm³) of the wastewater sample?arrow_forward2. Calculate the number in miligram of MgCl₂ that would be needed to prepare 520 ml of a 21 % aqueous MgCl2 solution. (density of the solution is 1.1 g/ml). 3. Calculate the number of gram of NaOH that must be added to 250mL of water to make a 15% NaOH solution. (Density of solution: 1.21g/mL) 4. What weight of KCI and H₂O are needed to make 520 g. of 15 % solution. 5. Suppose that 2.5 ml of 20% AgNO3 solution (density is 1.19 g/ml) What weight AgNO3 was in the solution used?arrow_forward
- Which chemical or functional group helps a molecule dissolve in water? NH2 (amino group) fats hydrocarbon tails (side chains) CH3 (methyl group)arrow_forwardDetermine the freezing point (in °C) of a solution that contains 204 g of C6H1206 dissolved in 234 mL of acetic acid (density = 1.05 g/mL). Pure acetic acid has a freezing point of 16.6°C and a K = 3.90°C/m.arrow_forwardThe therapeutic concentration—the concentration needed to be effective—of acetaminophen (C 8H 9NO 2, molar mass 151.2 g/mol) is 10–20 μg/mL. Assume that the density of blood is 1.0 g/mL. a. If the concentration of acetaminophen in the blood was measured at 15 ppm, is this concentration in the therapeutic range? b. How many moles of acetaminophen are present at this concentration in 5.0 L of blood?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning