Economics: Principles, Problems, & Policies (McGraw-Hill Series in Economics) - Standalone book
20th Edition
ISBN: 9780078021756
Author: McConnell, Campbell R.; Brue, Stanley L.; Flynn Dr., Sean Masaki
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 12, Problem 2P
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Profit maximizing output and price .
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BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MCMC), marginal revenue (MRMR), average total cost (ATCATC), and demand (D�) for beer in this market.
On the following graph, place the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. If BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss.
Suppose that BYOB charges $2.50 per can. Your friend Felix says that since BYOB is a monopoly with market power, it should charge a higher price of $3.00 per can because this will increase BYOB's profit.
Complete the following table to determine whether Felix is correct.…
Refer to Diagram 2 above, which represents a monopolist firm, to answer the following questions.
product = marginal product x selling price per unit).
What quantity will this firm produce and what price will it charge?
Suppose this monopolist firm becomes regulated and the regulatory agency wants to achieve economic efficiency. What price would the agency require the monopoly to charge and what quantity will the firm produce as a result?
If the monopolist charges a price that will achieve economic efficiency, will the monopolist be making a profit or loss? Explain your answer with a calculation.
Now suppose the government regulates the monopoly by imposing a price ceiling of $60. How many units will be produced? Will every customer who is willing to pay the ceiling price of $60 be able to buy the product? Explain why or why not.
Based on the price ceiling of $60, what will be the profit of this monopolist?
Consider a monopolist who is selling his blockbuster drug in two markets where one market is much larger than the other. Suppose the demand in the two markets is given by q1 = 30 − p1 and q2 = 3 − p2 (quantity is measured in millions of complete dosages and price is in your favorite currency) and the marginal cost of production and distribution is roughly the same and equal to 1 per unit (c=1). This problem asks you to compare equilibrium outcomes (prices, quantities, profits, consumer surplus, and consumer surplus per unit of output) when the monopolist can price discriminate across the two markets versus when it must set a uniform price. It then asks you to comment on some recent policy proposals.
For each market separately, set up and solve the monopolist’s profit-maximizing problem. Specifically, write down/compute the following.
Inverse demand and the profit functions.
Equilibrium prices (), quantities () and profits ()
Consumer surplus () and consumer surplus per unit of…
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Economics: Principles, Problems, & Policies (McGraw-Hill Series in Economics) - Standalone book
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- BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. Suppose that BYOB charges $2.50 per can. Your friend Charles says that since BYOB is a monopoly with market power, it should charge a higher price of $3.00 per can because this will increase BYOB’s profit. Complete the following table to determine whether Charles is…arrow_forwardBYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. PRICE (Dollars per can) 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0 MC 0 0.5 1.5 ATC MR D 1.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 QUANTITY (Thousands of cans of beer) 3.5 4.0 Monopoly Outcome Profit Lossarrow_forwardBYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. IF BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangie symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. 4.00 3.50 Monopoly Outoome 3.00 ATC 2.50 Profit 2.00 1.50 Los MC 1.00 0.50 MR 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 QUANTITY (Thousands of cans of beer) PRICE (Dollars per can)arrow_forward
- BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. 4.00 3.50 Monopoly Outcome 3.00 ATC 2.50 Profit 2.00 Loss 1.50 MC 1.00 0.50 D MR 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 QUANTITY (Thousands of cans of beer) PRICE (Dollars per can)arrow_forwardBYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. Suppose that BYOB charges $2.00 per can. Your friend Clancy says that since BYOB is a monopoly with market power, it should charge a higher price of $2.25 per can because this will increase BYOB’s profit. Complete the following table to determine whether Clancy is…arrow_forwardBYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss Suppose that BYOB charges $2.75 per can. Your friend Charles says that since BYOB is a monopoly with market power, it should charge a higher price of $3.00 per can because this will increase BYOB’s profit. omplete the following table to determine whether Charles is correct.…arrow_forward
- BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. PRICE (Dollars per can) 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 PRICE (Dollars per unit) 1.00 0.50 0 curve. 4.00 Given the earlier information, Jake 3.50 3.00 2.50 0 Complete the following table to determine whether Jake is correct. Price (Dollars per can) Quantity Demanded Total Revenue…arrow_forwardThe following graph gives the demand (D) curve for water services in the fictional town of Streamship Springs. The graph also shows the marginal revenue (MR) curve, the marginal cost (MC) curve, and the average total cost (ATC) curve for the local water company, a natural monopolist. On the following graph, use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for this natural monopolist. PRICE (Dollars per hundred cubic feet) 40 36 20 12 8 4 0 0 1 MR 8 2 3 4 5 6 7 QUANTITY (Hundreds of cubic feet) ATC MC 9 10 O True The water company is experiencing economies of scale. The water company is experiencing diseconomies of scale. The water company must own a scarce resource. O False D Which of the following statements are true about this natural monopoly? Check all that apply. + Monopoly Outcome (?) It is more efficient on the cost side for one producer to exist in this market rather than a large number of producers. True or False: Without government…arrow_forwardThe following graph gives the demand (D) curve for water services in the fictional town of Streamship Springs. The graph also shows the marginal revenue (MR) curve, the marginal cost (MC) curve, and the average total cost (ATC) curve for the local water company, a natural monopolist. On the following graph, use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for this natural monopolist. PRICE (Dollars per hundred cubic feet) 40 36 32 28 24 20 0 0 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 QUANTITY (Hundreds of cubic feet) MR 4 True ATC MC O False 9 10 D The water company is experiencing economies of scale. Which of the following statements are true about this natural monopoly? Check all that apply. + Monopoly Outcome The water company must own a scarce resource. It is more efficient on the cost side for one producer to exist in this market rather than a large number of producers. In order for a monopoly to exist in this case, the government must have intervened and created it.…arrow_forward
- Please solve for ( b).arrow_forwardConsider the relationship between monopoly pricing and the price elasticity of demand. If demand is inelastic and a monopolist raises its price, total revenue would (DECREASE OR INCREASE) and total cost would(DECREASE OR INCREASE) . Therefore, a monopolist will (SOMETIMES, ALWAYS, NEVER) produce a quantity at which the demand curve is inelastic. Use the purple segment (diamond symbols) to indicate the portion of the demand curve that is inelastic. (Hint: The answer is related to the marginal-revenue (MR) curve.) Then use the black point (plus symbol) to show the quantity and price that maximizes total revenue (TR).arrow_forwardConsider the graph below that represents the demand curve for a good, the marginal revenue of a potential monopolist, and the marginal cost before an innovation (MC1 = 1) and after a potential innovation of size y (MC2 = 1/y). In the initial period, all firms have the same marginal cost MC1. A single firm can choose to try to innovate. If it is successful, it becomes a monopolist in the second period with marginal cost MC2. 1 1/Y Demand Marginal revenue MC1 MC2 ୪arrow_forward
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