Principles of Economics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134078779
Author: Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. Oster
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 12, Problem 2.3P
To determine
Validating the statement on pareto-efficiency.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Suppose that the world price of oil is roughly
$100.00
per barrel and that the world demand and total world supply of oil equal 34 billion barrels per year (bb/yr), with a competitive supply of 20 bb/yr and 14 bb/yr from OPEC. Statistical studies have shown that the
short−run
price elasticity of demand for oil is
−0.05,
and the
short−run
competitive price elasticity of supply is
0.10.
Using this information, derive linear demand and competitive supply curves for oil.
Let the demand curve be of the general form
Q=a−bP
and the competitive supply curve be of the general form
Q=c+dP,
where a, b, c, and d are constants.
The equation for the
short−run
demand curve is?
The equation for the
short−run
competitive supply curve is
Consider a hypothetical world consisting of only three countries: Hungary, Australia, and Italy. Each country produces grain. Hungary is a small
economy compared to Australia and Italy and thus cannot influence foreign prices.
On the following graph, the supply and demand schedules of Hungary are shown as Sun and Dun. Foreign supply schedules of grain are perfectly
elastic: Australia is a more efficient supplier of grain than Italy because its supply price is $1.00 per bushel (SAus), whereas Italy's supply price is
$2.00 per bushel (Sita).
PRICE (Dollars)
10.00
9.00
8.00
7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0
Hun
S +T
S₁ +T
S
S
+
0 3 6
A
Scenario
Free trade
With tariff
With customs union
m
SHu
12 15 18 21 24 27 30
GRAIN (Thousands of bushels)
Calculate the quantity of bushels Hungary imports when the three nations engage in free trade. Enter this value in the first row of the following table.
Also indicate which country Hungary imports from.
?
Imports
(Thousands of bushels) Imports…
Suppose that the world price of oil is roughly $50.00 per barrel and that the world demand and total world supply of oil equal 34 billion barrels per year (bb/yr), with a competitive supply of 20 bb/yr and 14 bb/yr from OPEC.
Statistical studies have shown that the long-run price elasticity f demand for oil is -0.40, and the long-run competitive price elasticity of supply is 0.40. Using this information, derive linear demand and competitive
supply curves for oil.
Let the demand curve be of the general form Q = a - bP and the competitive supply curve be of the general form Q = c+dP, where a, b, c, and d are constants.
The equation for the long-run demand curve is
O A. Q=47.50 -0.27P.
O B. Q=13.50 -0.27P.
OC. Q=47.50-P
O D. Q=47.50+ 0.27P.
O E. Q=13.50-47.50P.
The equation for the long-run competitive supply curve is
O A. Q=12.00 + 47.50P.
OB. Q=12.00 -0.16P.
OC. Q 8.00+ 0.16P.
O D. Q=8.00+ 0.27P.
O E. Q=12.00 +0.16P.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Principles of Economics (12th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- In January 2018, President Trump imposed tariffs on solar panels and washing machines of 30 to 50%. In March 2018 he imposed tariffs on steel (25%) and aluminum (10%) from most countries, representing an estimated 4.1 percent of U.S. imports. On June 1, 2018, this was extended to the European Union, Canada, and Mexico. The Trump administration also set and escalated tariffs on goods imported from China. As of January 2020, the Trump administration had imposed tariffs on 16.8% of all goods imported into the U.S. What would be the effects of these tariff on the US economy? Who would benefit and who would lose from these tariffs in the U.S.?arrow_forwardCountry C imports 80,000 metric tons of steel from Country U and produces domestically 80,000 metric tons per year. The world price of steel is $500 per metric ton. Assuming linear schedules, research analysts estimated the price elasticity of domestic supply to be 0.50 and the price elasticity of domestic demand to be -0.25 in the current market equilibrium. Country C imposes an import duty of $150 per metric ton that caused the world price to fall by 10%. Analyse the effects of the consumer surplus, producer surplus, government revenue and deadweight loss in the Country C steel market with the tariff. What are the terms of trade of the Country C steel market after the tariff was imposed? Explain the welfare effects of both countries.arrow_forwardSuppose that Canada imports pearl necklaces from India. The free market price is $111.00 per necklace. If the tariff on imports in Canada is initially 26%, Canadians pay $ per necklace. One of the accomplishments of the Uruguay Round that took place between 1986 and 1993 was significant across-the-board tariff cuts for industrial countries, as well as many developing countries. Suppose that as a result of the Uruguay Round, Canada reduces its import tariffs to 13%. Assuming the price of pearl necklaces is still $111.00 per necklace, consumers now pay the price of $ Based on the calculations and the scenarios presented, the Uruguay Round most likely hurts consumers hurts consumers in India. per necklace. in Canada andarrow_forward
- Steel is produced only in the US and the rest of the world (ROW). The inverse demand and supply in the US are p = 110 - Q8 and p = 20 + Qỗ, while in the ROW, they are p = 70 - Q and p = Qk. All quantities are in millions of tons and all prices are in dollars per ton. Since steel is produced more cheaply in the ROW, the US imports it from the ROW under international trade. At any price, p, the imports of the US, QM. is the excess demand for steel given by the difference between the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied domestically in the US: QM = Q% - Qi. Similarly, the exports of the ROw, QF, is the excess supply of steel given by the difference between how much they produce and how much they demand: QE = Qk - Qg. (b) Find the consumer and producer surplus in the US at the price p". consumer surplus $ million producer surplus million (c) The US government imposes a tax of $12 per unit on the ROw's exports. Find the new world equilibrium price, p**, and new world equilibrium…arrow_forwardChina placed tariffs on the importation of US soybeans. Assume that the domestic market for soybeans in China is described by the following equations: Demand: P = 11.5 – Q Supply: P = 5.5 + Q Price is in 10 Yuan (¥) per bushel of soybeans and the units for Quantity are 100 million bushels per year. This is to make graphing simpler. This does NOT mean that the price is 10 and quantity is 100. Rather it means that if the price was 40¥ and the quantity was 7,500,000,000 bushels, this would plot as 4 and 7.5 respectively. The world price for soybeans is ¥65/bushel (this would graph as a horizontal line at 6.5). Graph the soybean market in China showing equilibrium both with no barriers to trade and with a ¥15/bushel tariff. Be sure to fully and clearly label the graph including: Domestic Demand curve (D), Domestic Supply curve (S), the World Price (WP), and the Price with tariffs (PT), along with the quantities imported both with and without the tariff. Based on your graph, what…arrow_forward15 10 5 7 11 6) The above graph shows the supply and demand for cotton in the country of Spartania. The world price of cotton is $15. Spartania is able to import and export cotton, if it chooses to. Which of the following is true? A) Spartania will import 2 units of cotton. B) Spartania will import 4 units of cotton. C) Spartania will export 2 units of cotton. D) Spartania will export 4 units of cotton.arrow_forward
- Please help with the following questionarrow_forwardSteel is produced only in the US and the rest of the world (ROW). The inverse demand and supply in the US are p = 110 - Q9 and p = 20 + Qi, while in the ROw, they are p = 70 - Q% and p = QR. All quantities are in millions of tons and all prices are in dollars per ton. Since steel is produced more cheaply in the ROW, the US imports it from the ROW under international trade. At any price, p, the imports of the US, QM, is the excess demand for steel given by the difference between the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied domestically in the US: QM = Q8 - Qi. Similarly, the exports of the ROW, QE, is the excess supply of steel given by the difference between how much they produce and how much they demand: QE = Q2 - Qg.arrow_forwardOne of these four answers represents the result of a rise in tariff on imported cars from a foreign country. Which one? Group of answer choices The supply of foreign cars to the domestic market would be reduced, causing car prices to rise. The domestic price of cars would fall. The number of unemployed workers in the domestic car industry would rise. The demand for imported cars would increase, causing the price of cars to increase in other nations.arrow_forward
- Domestic producers of microprocessors send a lobbyist to the U.S. government to request that the government impose trade restrictions on imports of microprocessors. The lobbyist claims that the U.S. microprocessor industry is new and cannot currently compete with foreign firms. However, if trade restrictions were temporarily imposed on microprocessors, the domestic microprocessor industry could mature and adjust and would eventually be able to compete in the world market. Which of the following justifications is the lobbyist using to support their argument in favor of the trade restriction on microprocessors? National-security argument Infant-industry argument Unfair-competition argument Jobs argument Using-protection-as-a-bargaining-chip argumentarrow_forwardOnly type answer and give answer fast i will give you upvotearrow_forwardCENGAGE MINDTAP MindTap Assignment 4 (Chapters 9,13) Q s The following graph shows the same domestic supply and demand curves for pears in Zambia. Now, suppose that the Zambian government changes its stance on international trade, deciding to allow free trade in pears. The horizontal black line (Pw) represents the world price of pears at $350 per ton. Assume that Zambia's entry into the world market for pears has no effect on the world price and there are no transportation or transaction costs associated with international trade in pears. Also assume that domestic suppliers will satisfy domestic demand as much as possible before any exporting or importing takes place. Use the green triangle (triangle symbol) to shade in the area representing consumer surplus, and then use the purple triangle (diamond symbol) to shade in the area representing producer surplus. PRICE (Dollars per ton) 380 Domestic Demand Domestic Supply 365 350 335 320 305 290 275 260 245 230 O 25 50 50 75 100 125 150…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Principles of Economics (12th Edition)EconomicsISBN:9780134078779Author:Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. OsterPublisher:PEARSONEngineering Economy (17th Edition)EconomicsISBN:9780134870069Author:William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, C. Patrick KoellingPublisher:PEARSON
- Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781305585126Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage LearningManagerial Economics: A Problem Solving ApproachEconomicsISBN:9781337106665Author:Luke M. Froeb, Brian T. McCann, Michael R. Ward, Mike ShorPublisher:Cengage LearningManagerial Economics & Business Strategy (Mcgraw-...EconomicsISBN:9781259290619Author:Michael Baye, Jeff PrincePublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Economics (12th Edition)
Economics
ISBN:9780134078779
Author:Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. Oster
Publisher:PEARSON
Engineering Economy (17th Edition)
Economics
ISBN:9780134870069
Author:William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, C. Patrick Koelling
Publisher:PEARSON
Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)
Economics
ISBN:9781305585126
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Economics: A Problem Solving Approach
Economics
ISBN:9781337106665
Author:Luke M. Froeb, Brian T. McCann, Michael R. Ward, Mike Shor
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Economics & Business Strategy (Mcgraw-...
Economics
ISBN:9781259290619
Author:Michael Baye, Jeff Prince
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education