a. How many chromosomes are in your somatic cells? b. How many chromosomes are in your gametes? c. How many chromatids are in one of your somatic cells that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis?

Question

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 12, Problem 1IQ

a. How many chromosomes are in your somatic cells?
b. How many chromosomes are in your gametes?
c. How many chromatids are in one of your somatic cells that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis?

a.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell.

Introduction: Chromosomes are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and make up the genetic material of an organism. Chromosomes are thin, thread-like structures visible at time of cell division. Chromosomes are actually DNA in compacted form that is held together by basic proteins known as histones.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosomes are diploid (2n) in number in the nucleus of somatic cells. Diploid refers to two sets of chromosomes in the same nucleus. Each somatic cell in humans consists of 46 chromosomes, which are two sets of 23 chromosomes each (maternal and paternal set). Therefore, an individual’s somatic cell contains 23 pairs that are 46 (2×23) chromosomes.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cells is 46.

b.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete.

Introduction: Chromosome is a thread-like appearance of the nucleic acids and protein molecules present in the nucleus of various cells. Chromosome mainly contains the gene that bears the genetic information of one individual.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosome number explains the precise number of chromosomes present in specific species. In sexually reproducing organisms, gametes mainly contain haploid (n) number of chromosomes. Therefore, an individual’s gamete contains 23 chromosomes. The haploid number of chromosomes is produced during meiosis stage of cell division.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete is 23.

c.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Introduction: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material carried by every eukaryotic organism. Every DNA is made up of a pair of condensed chromatid subunits, and they are held together at a region called centromere.

Explanation of Solution

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell is 46. The 46 chromosomes duplicate during the S phase of interphase prior to the process of mitosis. Therefore, 92 chromatids are present in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Conclusion

The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis is 92.

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After you feel comfortable with your counting method and identifying cells in the various stages of mitosis, use the four images below of whitefish blastula to count the cells in each stage until you reach 100 total cells, recording your data below in Data Table 1. (You may not need to use all four images. Stop counting when you reach 100 total cells.) After totaling the cells in each stage, calculate the percent of cells in each stage. (Divide total of stage by overall total of 100 and then multiply by 100 to obtain percentage.) Data Table 1Stage Totals PercentInterphase Mitosis: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis Totals 100 100% To find the length of time whitefish blastula cells spend in each stage, multiply the percent (recorded as a decimal, in other words take the percent number and divide by 100) by 24 hours. (Example: If percent is 20%, then Time in Hours = .2 * 24 = 4.8) Record your data in Data…

Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 12, Problem 1IQ

a. How many chromosomes are in your somatic cells?
b. How many chromosomes are in your gametes?
c. How many chromatids are in one of your somatic cells that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis?

a.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell.

Introduction: Chromosomes are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and make up the genetic material of an organism. Chromosomes are thin, thread-like structures visible at time of cell division. Chromosomes are actually DNA in compacted form that is held together by basic proteins known as histones.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosomes are diploid (2n) in number in the nucleus of somatic cells. Diploid refers to two sets of chromosomes in the same nucleus. Each somatic cell in humans consists of 46 chromosomes, which are two sets of 23 chromosomes each (maternal and paternal set). Therefore, an individual’s somatic cell contains 23 pairs that are 46 (2×23) chromosomes.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cells is 46.

b.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete.

Introduction: Chromosome is a thread-like appearance of the nucleic acids and protein molecules present in the nucleus of various cells. Chromosome mainly contains the gene that bears the genetic information of one individual.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosome number explains the precise number of chromosomes present in specific species. In sexually reproducing organisms, gametes mainly contain haploid (n) number of chromosomes. Therefore, an individual’s gamete contains 23 chromosomes. The haploid number of chromosomes is produced during meiosis stage of cell division.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete is 23.

c.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Introduction: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material carried by every eukaryotic organism. Every DNA is made up of a pair of condensed chromatid subunits, and they are held together at a region called centromere.

Explanation of Solution

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell is 46. The 46 chromosomes duplicate during the S phase of interphase prior to the process of mitosis. Therefore, 92 chromatids are present in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Conclusion

The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis is 92.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 12, Problem 1IQ

a. How many chromosomes are in your somatic cells?
b. How many chromosomes are in your gametes?
c. How many chromatids are in one of your somatic cells that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis?

a.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell.

Introduction: Chromosomes are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and make up the genetic material of an organism. Chromosomes are thin, thread-like structures visible at time of cell division. Chromosomes are actually DNA in compacted form that is held together by basic proteins known as histones.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosomes are diploid (2n) in number in the nucleus of somatic cells. Diploid refers to two sets of chromosomes in the same nucleus. Each somatic cell in humans consists of 46 chromosomes, which are two sets of 23 chromosomes each (maternal and paternal set). Therefore, an individual’s somatic cell contains 23 pairs that are 46 (2×23) chromosomes.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cells is 46.

b.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete.

Introduction: Chromosome is a thread-like appearance of the nucleic acids and protein molecules present in the nucleus of various cells. Chromosome mainly contains the gene that bears the genetic information of one individual.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosome number explains the precise number of chromosomes present in specific species. In sexually reproducing organisms, gametes mainly contain haploid (n) number of chromosomes. Therefore, an individual’s gamete contains 23 chromosomes. The haploid number of chromosomes is produced during meiosis stage of cell division.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete is 23.

c.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Introduction: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material carried by every eukaryotic organism. Every DNA is made up of a pair of condensed chromatid subunits, and they are held together at a region called centromere.

Explanation of Solution

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell is 46. The 46 chromosomes duplicate during the S phase of interphase prior to the process of mitosis. Therefore, 92 chromatids are present in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Conclusion

The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis is 92.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 12, Problem 1IQ

a. How many chromosomes are in your somatic cells?
b. How many chromosomes are in your gametes?
c. How many chromatids are in one of your somatic cells that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis?

a.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell.

Introduction: Chromosomes are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and make up the genetic material of an organism. Chromosomes are thin, thread-like structures visible at time of cell division. Chromosomes are actually DNA in compacted form that is held together by basic proteins known as histones.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosomes are diploid (2n) in number in the nucleus of somatic cells. Diploid refers to two sets of chromosomes in the same nucleus. Each somatic cell in humans consists of 46 chromosomes, which are two sets of 23 chromosomes each (maternal and paternal set). Therefore, an individual’s somatic cell contains 23 pairs that are 46 (2×23) chromosomes.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cells is 46.

b.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete.

Introduction: Chromosome is a thread-like appearance of the nucleic acids and protein molecules present in the nucleus of various cells. Chromosome mainly contains the gene that bears the genetic information of one individual.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosome number explains the precise number of chromosomes present in specific species. In sexually reproducing organisms, gametes mainly contain haploid (n) number of chromosomes. Therefore, an individual’s gamete contains 23 chromosomes. The haploid number of chromosomes is produced during meiosis stage of cell division.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete is 23.

c.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Introduction: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material carried by every eukaryotic organism. Every DNA is made up of a pair of condensed chromatid subunits, and they are held together at a region called centromere.

Explanation of Solution

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell is 46. The 46 chromosomes duplicate during the S phase of interphase prior to the process of mitosis. Therefore, 92 chromatids are present in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Conclusion

The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis is 92.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

a.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell.

Introduction: Chromosomes are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and make up the genetic material of an organism. Chromosomes are thin, thread-like structures visible at time of cell division. Chromosomes are actually DNA in compacted form that is held together by basic proteins known as histones.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosomes are diploid (2n) in number in the nucleus of somatic cells. Diploid refers to two sets of chromosomes in the same nucleus. Each somatic cell in humans consists of 46 chromosomes, which are two sets of 23 chromosomes each (maternal and paternal set). Therefore, an individual’s somatic cell contains 23 pairs that are 46 (2×23) chromosomes.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cells is 46.

b.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete.

Introduction: Chromosome is a thread-like appearance of the nucleic acids and protein molecules present in the nucleus of various cells. Chromosome mainly contains the gene that bears the genetic information of one individual.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosome number explains the precise number of chromosomes present in specific species. In sexually reproducing organisms, gametes mainly contain haploid (n) number of chromosomes. Therefore, an individual’s gamete contains 23 chromosomes. The haploid number of chromosomes is produced during meiosis stage of cell division.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete is 23.

c.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Introduction: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material carried by every eukaryotic organism. Every DNA is made up of a pair of condensed chromatid subunits, and they are held together at a region called centromere.

Explanation of Solution

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell is 46. The 46 chromosomes duplicate during the S phase of interphase prior to the process of mitosis. Therefore, 92 chromatids are present in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Conclusion

The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis is 92.

Answer 8

a.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell.

Introduction: Chromosomes are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and make up the genetic material of an organism. Chromosomes are thin, thread-like structures visible at time of cell division. Chromosomes are actually DNA in compacted form that is held together by basic proteins known as histones.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosomes are diploid (2n) in number in the nucleus of somatic cells. Diploid refers to two sets of chromosomes in the same nucleus. Each somatic cell in humans consists of 46 chromosomes, which are two sets of 23 chromosomes each (maternal and paternal set). Therefore, an individual’s somatic cell contains 23 pairs that are 46 (2×23) chromosomes.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cells is 46.

Answer 9

a.

Expert Solution

Answer 10

a.

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell.

Introduction: Chromosomes are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and make up the genetic material of an organism. Chromosomes are thin, thread-like structures visible at time of cell division. Chromosomes are actually DNA in compacted form that is held together by basic proteins known as histones.

Answer 13

Explanation of Solution

The chromosomes are diploid (2n) in number in the nucleus of somatic cells. Diploid refers to two sets of chromosomes in the same nucleus. Each somatic cell in humans consists of 46 chromosomes, which are two sets of 23 chromosomes each (maternal and paternal set). Therefore, an individual’s somatic cell contains 23 pairs that are 46 (2×23) chromosomes.

Answer 14

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cells is 46.

Answer 15

b.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete.

Introduction: Chromosome is a thread-like appearance of the nucleic acids and protein molecules present in the nucleus of various cells. Chromosome mainly contains the gene that bears the genetic information of one individual.

Explanation of Solution

The chromosome number explains the precise number of chromosomes present in specific species. In sexually reproducing organisms, gametes mainly contain haploid (n) number of chromosomes. Therefore, an individual’s gamete contains 23 chromosomes. The haploid number of chromosomes is produced during meiosis stage of cell division.

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete is 23.

Answer 16

b.

Expert Solution

Answer 17

b.

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete.

Introduction: Chromosome is a thread-like appearance of the nucleic acids and protein molecules present in the nucleus of various cells. Chromosome mainly contains the gene that bears the genetic information of one individual.

Answer 20

Explanation of Solution

The chromosome number explains the precise number of chromosomes present in specific species. In sexually reproducing organisms, gametes mainly contain haploid (n) number of chromosomes. Therefore, an individual’s gamete contains 23 chromosomes. The haploid number of chromosomes is produced during meiosis stage of cell division.

Answer 21

Conclusion

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s gamete is 23.

Answer 22

c.

Expert Solution

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Introduction: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material carried by every eukaryotic organism. Every DNA is made up of a pair of condensed chromatid subunits, and they are held together at a region called centromere.

Explanation of Solution

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell is 46. The 46 chromosomes duplicate during the S phase of interphase prior to the process of mitosis. Therefore, 92 chromatids are present in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Conclusion

The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis is 92.

Answer 23

c.

Expert Solution

Answer 24

c.

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Summary Introduction

To determine: The number of chromatids in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.

Introduction: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material carried by every eukaryotic organism. Every DNA is made up of a pair of condensed chromatid subunits, and they are held together at a region called centromere.

Answer 27

Explanation of Solution

The number of chromosomes in an individual’s somatic cell is 46. The 46 chromosomes duplicate during the S phase of interphase prior to the process of mitosis. Therefore, 92 chromatids are present in an individual’s somatic cell that has duplicated its chromosomes prior to mitosis.