
Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The affect of the replacement of tryptophan by cysteine to the
Concept introduction:
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, is a biological macromolecule. In organisms, it carries genetic information and is required for protein production, cell reproduction, regulation and metabolism.
There are four base types of DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). The adenine is complementary nucleotide for thymine and cytosine is the complementary nucleotide for guanine.
Proteins are the biomolecules which are composed of the long chain of amino acid residues.

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- 4. Only ONE of the five compounds below can be prepared by an aldol condensation in which a single carbonyl compound is treated with base. Which one is it? To solve this problem, reverse the aldol condensation that formed each of these molecules to find out what two molecules came together to make the products. The one in which the two molecules are identical is the answer. Ph Ph ཚིག གནས ག ནཱ ཀ ན ཀནཱ A Ph H B Ph Ph H D Ph. Ph Ph E Harrow_forward5. Which one is the major organic product obtained from the following reaction sequence? First, equimolar amounts of cyclopentanone and LDA are mixed at -78°C. Then propionaldehyde (propanal) is added. Addition of aqueous acid completes the process. LDA, -78°C. 1. 2. H₂O* H A B H 0 D H H Earrow_forward2. Which one is the major organic product obtained from the following reaction? NaOH, H₂O heat A B C D Earrow_forward
- CH3CH2CHO + propanal PhCH2CHO 2-phenylacetaldehyde mixture of four products NaOH 10. In the crossed aldol reaction of propanal and 2-phenylacetaldehyde shown above, a mixture of four products will be formed. Which ONE of the compounds below will NOT be formed in this crossed aldol reaction? OH Ph A H OH OH Ph H B OH OH H H H Ph Ph C Ph D Earrow_forwardAn organic chemist ordered the wrong item. She wanted to obtain 1-hydroxy-2-butanone, butinstead ordered 2-hydroxybutyraldehyde. As a good biochemist, show how the organic chemistcould use biological catalysis to make her desired compound.arrow_forwardPredict the products of aldolase catalyzing the reaction with acetone and (S)-3-hydroxybutyraldehyde.arrow_forward
- A cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy is taking a protein kinase inhibitor drug. The patientis an avid marathon runner and does not want to miss his upcoming race. Is it a good idea forthis patient to attempt a marathon while on this medication? Explain why or why not.arrow_forwardShow the fate of the hydrogen on carbon-2 of glucose.arrow_forwardImagine that aldolase can react with the seven carbon molecule Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (below). Use the mechanism to predict the two products generated.arrow_forward
- Show the mechanisms of PGK and PFK-1. How are they different?arrow_forwardShow the fate of the proton on the 4-Oxygen molecule of F-1,6-BP.arrow_forwardSodium borohydride (NaBH4) is a potent inhibitor of aldolase. It is known to ONLY inhibit theenzyme when it is complexed with substrate. Treatment of the enzyme alone has no effect.What is the mechanism for this inhibition?arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
