Engineering Economy
16th Edition
ISBN: 9780133582819
Author: Sullivan
Publisher: DGTL BNCOM
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 12, Problem 14P
To determine
Calculate the expected present worth.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Under intervention A, the status quo, 15% of 3-year-old children in the country of Granada die from Dengue and under intervention B, a new intervention only 10% of children in Granada die from Dengue. The life expectancy at three years in Dengue is 55 years. The cost of intervention A is $100 and the cost of intervention B is $185. What is the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) comparing intervention B to intervention A expressed as
a. cost per life-years
b. cost per life-years saved
[A] Suppose that a drug company has developed an ointment that can be used to treat sores and reduce scarring. Surveys indicated that the ointment, which costs $10,000 for a full course of treatment, can improve the quality of life from 0.6 to 0.7 for patients with this problem. Assume that this population has a life expectancy of 70 years. No need to worry about discounting.
1. What is the Incremental Cost-Utility Ratio (ICUR) for taking the ointment over doing nothing for a typical 20-year-old patient? [Hint: This patient has only 50 years of life remaining.]
2. If the cost-effectiveness threshold is $5,000 per QALYS, will the 20-year-old patient choose to get the ointment? What about a 60-year-old patient?
[B] Is it appropriate to evaluate a healthcare intervention using various methods of economic evaluation as discussed in this course, or should we choose one primary method that best fits the analysis?
The research department at a manufacturing company has developed a new process that it believes will result in an improved product Management must decide whether to go
ahead and market the new product. The new product may or may not be better than the old one. If the new product is better and the company decides to market it, sales should
increase by $50,000. If it is not better and they replace the old product with the new product on the market, they will lose $24,000 to competitors. If they decide not to market the
new product, they will lose a total of $30,000 if it is better and just research costs of $10,000 if it is not. Answer parts a through c below.
(a) Prepare a payoff matrix.
(Type an integer or decimal for each matrix element. Do not include the $ symbol in your answer.)
(b) If management believes there is a probability of 0.4 that the new product is better, find the expected profits under each strategy and determine the best action. Select the
correct answer below and fill…
Chapter 12 Solutions
Engineering Economy
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1PCh. 12 - Prob. 2PCh. 12 - A new snow making machine utilizes technology that...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4PCh. 12 - Prob. 5PCh. 12 - Prob. 6PCh. 12 - Prob. 7PCh. 12 - Prob. 8PCh. 12 - Prob. 9PCh. 12 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 12 - Prob. 11PCh. 12 - Prob. 12PCh. 12 - Prob. 13PCh. 12 - Prob. 14PCh. 12 - Prob. 15PCh. 12 - Prob. 16PCh. 12 - Prob. 17PCh. 12 - Prob. 18PCh. 12 - Prob. 19PCh. 12 - Prob. 20PCh. 12 - Prob. 21PCh. 12 - Prob. 22PCh. 12 - If the interest rate is 8% per year, what decision...Ch. 12 - Prob. 24PCh. 12 - Prob. 25PCh. 12 - Prob. 26SE
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Researchers conducted a survey to determine the quality weight of a particular disease. Respondents of the survey claimed they were indifferent between living 6 years without the disease and living 10 years with the disease. (1) What is the implied quality weight q for a year with the disease? Assume a patient with such a disease can only live for 10 years. Now a drug has been developed to treat this disease. With the drug, the quality of life can be improved to 0.7 and patients can live for 12 years. (2) Calculate the QALYS gained due to the treatment (relative to no treatment). Assume no discounting of future years. (3) If the drug costs $24,000, what is the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of the treatment compared with no treatment? (4) Assume it is agreed that a QALY is worth $5000. Will this patient decide to get the drug? (5) If the patient has an insurance which pays (with 10% coinsurance) for the drug. Will the patient decide to get the drug?arrow_forwardKim works as a physiotherapist. She currently earns a salary of $6479 per month. The only costs associated with working as a physiotherapist are fixed costs (e.g. maintaining her licence to practice physiotherapy) of $289 per year. Due to changes in the health care sector, Kim is deciding whether she should become a general practitioner instead. She estimates her salary as a general practitioner will be $8563 per month. What is Kim's monthly economic loss from working as a physiotherapist? Assume the same fixed costs apply to both the physiotherapist and general practitioner options, because the licences for physiotherapists and general practitioners cost the same amount of money. Answer as a positive number to the nearest whole value (with no decimal places, $or - signs, spaces or commas).arrow_forwardAssume a patient has a particular disease. The quality weight (q) associated with the disease is 0.5, meaning the patient has 0.5 quality-adjusted life year (QALY) from living one year with the disease. The patient with such a disease can only live for 10 years (without treatment). Now a drug has been developed to treat this disease. With the drug, the quality of life (q) can be improved to 0.8 and patients can live for 15 years. (1) Calculate the QALYs gained due to the treatment (relative to no treatment). Assume no discounting of future years. Please show all your calculations (points will be deduced if the answer contains only one number without steps). (2) If the drug costs $49,000, what is the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of the treatment compared with no treatment? Please show all your calculations (points will be deduced if the answer contains only one number without steps). (3) Assume it is agreed that a QALY is worth $5000 (the patient is willing to pay up to $5000…arrow_forward
- Takaful and Karama is a social program that has been launched by the Egyptian government in 2015 to support the disadvantaged and most vulnerable families and elderly citizens. The part of the program that is directed to support families represents a conditional cash transfer that requires families to keep their children in school until they are 18 years old and follow up visits to local health care units to be eligible for receiving the cash transfer. Amira is an Egyptian ten years old child from a poor family who has previously dropped out of school. To be eligible for the fund, her mother enrolled her in school again. Amira is expected to remain in school until she is 18 years old. a) Explain, with the support of illustrative charts, the impact of Amira's returning to school until she is 18 on her potential life earning stream. b) How will that social program impact the national human capital of Egypt in the future, and specifically the characteristics of the Egyptian national…arrow_forwardVarious techniques have been proposed to curb cross-border drug smuggling into a country. The costs of implementing each strategy along a particularly rugged section of the border are indicated below. The table also includes a score that is compiled based on deterrence, interdiction, and apprehension, with a higher score indicating better performance. Determine the technique with the highest and the lowest cost-effectiveness ratio. For a budget of $53 million, determine the total cost of the most cost-effective techniques. Activity Cost, $ Score Tethered Aerostats 4.5 8 Boots-on-the-Ground 42.1 52 Fence 14.2 12 Motion Sensors 8 7 Seismic Sensors 5.6 5 Drones 12.8 26arrow_forwardAn individual (with log-utility) wants to maximize her happiness level over her adolescence and adult periods. At the age 18 the individual inherits one hundred thousand dollars and must decide how much to consume now (when she is young, period t) and how much to save for her adulthood (period t +1) to maximize the sum of utility over different life stages. The bank will pay interest rate of 5% of every dollar she deposits. The individual discounts future utilities at B = 0.8. What is the optimal consumption in the t+1 period? 46666.67 46672.66 46669.67 46675.67arrow_forward
- The University Eye Institute in upper New-York state is a state-of-the-art ophthalmology center that specializes in a sophisticated laser surgery to correct myopia. Current annual volume is 1000 operations. A major customer of the center is the United Health Insurance system. United currently sends the University Eye Institute 200 patients per year or 20% of the total. United pays $2,500 per operation as does every payor. The United Health Insurance Company is satisfied with the quality and service provided by the University Eye Institute and has proposed that they send the Center an additional 100 patients (operations) per year. United proposes that the fee be reduced to $2,000 for the additional 100 patients and for the prior 200 patients. Assume the fee paid by payors other than United Health remains the same. a) What is the marginal revenue per patient if the proposal is accepted? b) What is the marginal cost per patient if the proposal is accepted? Here are some cost data to…arrow_forwardA corporation is trying to decide whether to buy the patent for a product designed by another company. The decision to buy will mean an investment of $8 million, and the demand for the product is not known. If demand is light, the company expects a return of $1.3 million each year for three years. If demand is moderate, the return will be $2.5 million each year for four years, and high demand means a return of $4 million each year for four years. It is estimated the probability of a high demand is 0.4, and the probability of a light demand is 0.2. The firm's (risk-free) interest rate is 12%. Calculate the expected present worth of the patent. On this basis, should the company make the investment? (All figures represent after - tax values.)arrow_forwardYou are given the following situations: (I) A whole life insurance policy is calculated using Canadian male smoker mortality rates and i = 3.5%, with death benefit $100,000 (II) A whole life insurance policy is calculated using Canadian male non-smoker mortality rates and i = 3.5%, with death benefit $100,000 (III) A whole life insurance policy is calculated using i = 5% and the 2017 CSO table, with death benefit $100,000 (IV) A whole life insurance policy is calculated using i = 7% and the 2017 CSO table, with death benefit $100,000 With respect to the net single premium, which of the following statement is true? A. NSPĮ > NSPII and NSPIII > NSP¡y B. NSPĮ NSPI and NSPmNSP¡yarrow_forward
- The owner of a ski resort is considering installing a new ski lift that will cost $850,000. Expenses for operating and maintaining the lift are estimated to be $2,000 per day when operating. The U.S.Weather Service estimates that there is a 55% probability of 90 days of skiing weather per year, a 30% probability of 100 days per year, and a 15% probability of 120 days per year. The operators of the resort estimate that during the first 90 days of adequate snow in a season, an average of 550 people will use the lift each day, at a fee of $10 each. If 10 additional days are available, the lift will be used by only 450 people per day during the extra period; and if 20 more days of skiing are available, only 250 people per day will use the lift during those days. The study period is eight years; the ski lift will be depreciated by using the MACRS Alternative Depreciation System (ADS); the ADS recovery period is seven years; MARR = 10% per year (after-tax); and the effective income tax rate…arrow_forwardIn preparing for the upcoming holiday season, Fresh Toy Company (FTC) designed a new doll called The Dougie that teaches children how to dance. The fixed cost to produce the doll is $100,000. The variable cost, which includes material, labor, and shipping costs, is $34 per doll. During the holiday selling season, FTC will sell the dolls for $42 each. If FTC overproduces the dolls, the excess dolls will be sold in January through a distributor who has agreed to pay FTC $10 per doll. Demand for new toys during the holiday selling season is extremely uncertain. Forecasts are for expected sales of 60,000 dolls with a standard deviation of 15,000. The normal probability distribution is assumed to be a good description of the demand. FTC has tentatively decided to produce 60,000 units (the same as average demand), but it wants to conduct an analysis regarding this production quantity before finalizing the decision. (a) Create a what-if spreadsheet model using a formula that relates the…arrow_forwardSuppose a researcher is analyzing the economic efficiency of two different production techniques, A and B, in a manufacturing industry. Technique A has a fixed cost of $10,000 and variable costs of $5 per unit, while technique B has a fixed cost of $15,000 and variable costs of $3 per unit. The market price per unit of the product is $20. Calculate the breakeven point in terms of units for each technique, and determine which technique is more efficient in terms of lower breakeven sales.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you