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Interpretation:
The given questions based upon the
Concept introduction: Isotactic polypropylene has highest melting point and crystallinity while atactic polypropylene has lowest crystallinity and melting point. The difference is due to arrangement of substituents in the respective
(a)
To determine:
The hybridization of orbitals at each carbon atom in polyethylene and the angles between the bonds.
(b)
To determine:
The structure of polypropylene in which the methyl groups lie on the same side of the plane of paper; one in which methyl groups lie on alternating sides of plane; the structure in which methyl groups are randomly distributed on the either side; the form that will have highest crystallinity and melting point; and which has the lowest crystallinity and melting point and explanation in terms of intermolecular interactions and molecular shapes.
(i)
To determine:
The structure of polypropylene in which the methyl groups lie on the same side of the plane of paper.
(ii)
To determine:
The structure of polypropylene in which the methyl groups lie on alternating sides of plane.
(iii)
To determine:
The structure in which methyl groups are randomly distributed on the either side; the form that will have highest crystallinity and melting point; and which has the lowest crystallinity and melting point and explanation in terms of intermolecular interactions and molecular shapes.
(c)
To determine:
An explanation for the difference between polypropylene and polyester or cotton in terms of intermolecular interactions with water.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Chemistry: The Central Science (13th Edition)
- 5. Drawn the structure of the compound (molecular formula C12H16) with the longest λmax in its UV-vis spectrum.arrow_forwardUse solubility rules to complete balance molecular equations, and provide total and net ionic equations.arrow_forwardUse solubility rules to provide balance molecular equation, total, and net ionic equationarrow_forward
- Use solubility rules to provide balance molecular equation, total, and net ionic equationarrow_forwardBr HO ? HO ✓ OHarrow_forwardUse the literature Ka value of the acetic acid, and the data below to answer these questions. Note: You will not use the experimental titration graphs to answer the questions that follow. Group #1: Buffer pH = 4.35 Group #2: Buffer pH = 4.70 Group #3: Buffer pH = 5.00 Group #4: Buffer pH = 5.30 Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, the buffer pH provided and the literature pKa value of acetic acid to perform the following: a) calculate the ratios of [acetate]/[acetic acid] for each of the 4 groups buffer solutions above. b) using the calculated ratios, which group solution will provide the best optimal buffer (Hint: what [acetate]/[acetic acid] ratio value is expected for an optimal buffer?) c) explain your choicearrow_forward
- How would you prepare 1 liter of a 50 mM Phosphate buffer at pH 7.5 beginning with K3PO4 and 1 M HCl or 1 M NaOH? Please help and show calculations. Thank youarrow_forwardDraw the four most importantcontributing structures of the cation intermediate thatforms in the electrophilic chlorination of phenol,(C6H5OH) to form p-chlorophenol. Put a circle aroundthe best one. Can you please each step and also how you would approach a similar problem. Thank you!arrow_forwardA 100mM lactic acid/lactate buffer was found to have a lactate to lactic acid ratio of 2 and a pH of 4.2. What is the pKa of lactic acid? Can you please help show the calculations?arrow_forward
- Using line angle formulas, draw thestructures of and name four alkanes that have total of 7carbons, one of which is tertiary.Please explain this in detail and can you also explain how to approach a similar problem like this as well?arrow_forwardUsing dashed line wedge projections drawthe indicated compounds and indicate whether thecompound you have drawn is R or S.(a) The two enantiomers of 2-chlorobutane. Can you please explain your steps and how you would approach a similar problem. Thank you!arrow_forward5) There are no lone pairs shown in the structure below. Please add in all lone pairs and then give the hybridization scheme for the compound. (8) 10,11 7) 1.2.3 H 4 | 14 8) COC 12 13 H 16 15 H7 9) - 5.6 C 8 H 10) H 1). 2) 3)_ 11) 12) 13) 4)_ 14) 5) 15) 16) 6)arrow_forward
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