Chapter 12, Problem 12.144P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compounds that can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Intermolecular forces operate between the molecules so changes with change in the phase and effects with physical properties of the substance. In intermolecular forces, the bond is formed between two molecules with partial charges that are present relatively far away from each other. Hydrogen bonding is also a type of intermolecular forces.

Hydrogen bonding is the attractive forces that exist between the molecule with a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom like fluorine, nitrogen, and oxygen of one molecule and an electronegative atom of another molecule. The hydrogen bonding in ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}$ is represented as follows:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

The compound that has the highest viscosity is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Viscosity is the quantity that determines the resistance of the liquid to flow. Both liquids and gases can flow but gases have high viscosity than liquids. Viscosity is directly related to the intermolecular forces and therefore increases with increase in the intermolecular forces. The increasing order of strength is as follows:

$\text{dispersion forces}<\text{dipole}-\text{dipole forces}<\text{hydrogen bonds}<\text{ion}-\text{dipole forces}$