Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 12, Problem 10TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Alternative splicing is also termed as differential splicing. This process is used to regulate gene expression and results in formation of different proteins from a single gene. In this process, exons are included or excluded from the processed mRNA translated from the given gene.
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Which of the following statements about the attempt to express a eukaryotic gene in bacteria is TRUE?
Choose an answer below:
The eukaryotic promoter will function in the bacterial cells.
The transcript will be capped.
Expression of the gene will always yield a functional protein.
The stop codon of the eukaryotic gene will function in the bacterial cells.
The transcript will be spliced the same way as in eukaryotic cells.
Which of the following best explains how the expression of a eukaryotic gene encoding a protein will differ
if the gene is expressed in a prokaryotic cell instead of in a eukaryotic cell?
No transcript will be made, because eukaryotic DNA cannot be transcribed by prokaryotic RNA
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The protein will be made but will not function, because prokaryotes cannot remove introns.
The protein will not be made, because prokaryotes lack the ribosomes necessary for translation.
The protein will have a different sequence of amino acids, because prokaryotes use a different genetic
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In a cell that produces only one type of protein, which of the following statements about the relationship between hnRNA and mRNA is TRUE? O Heterogeneous nuclear RNA is always larger than mRNA. O Heterogeneous nuclear RNA is always smaller than mRNA. O Heterogeneous nuclear RNA and mRNA are typically the same size. O Heterogeneous nuclear RNA is always the same molecule as mRNA. There is no consistent relationship between the size of the two molecules.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 12.1 - How does gene regulation underlie the different...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 12.1 - The most common point of gene regulation in...Ch. 12.2 - Which genes are under the control of the lac...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 12.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 12.3 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 12.4 - A chromatin-remodeling complex may change the...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 12.5 - What is the biological advantage of alternative...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 12.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 12.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 12 - Genes that are expressed at all times at...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2TYCh. 12 - Transcription factors that bind to DNA and...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4TYCh. 12 - Prob. 5TYCh. 12 - Prob. 6TYCh. 12 - Prob. 7TYCh. 12 - Prob. 8TYCh. 12 - Prob. 9TYCh. 12 - Prob. 10TYCh. 12 - What is the difference between inducible and...Ch. 12 - Transcriptional regulation often involves a...Ch. 12 - PRINCIPLES A principle of biology is that the...Ch. 12 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Which of the following statements is false? a mutation in a 5' or 3' splice site must alter the sequence of the protein encoded by a gene a missense mutations replaces one amino acid with a different amino acid a mutation in a promoter is unlikely to alter the sequence of the polypeptide encoded by a gene a mutation in a transcriptional terminator is unlikely to alter the sequence of a protein encoded by a gene. a frameshift mutation changes the sequence of a protein 0000arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is false? a mutation in a 5' or 3' splice site must alter the sequence of the protein encoded by a gene a mutation in a transcriptional terminator is unlikely to alter the sequence of a protein encoded by a gene. a mutation in a promoter is unlikely to alter the sequence of the polypeptide encoded by a gene a missense mutations replaces one amino acid with a different amino acid a frameshift mutation changes the sequence of a protein 000 0arrow_forwardGene X codes for a protein in eukaryotes. A mutated eukaryotic cell contains an altered base-pair in an intron of gene X. Which would be the most likely effect of this mutation on the biomolecules in the cell? The amount of pre-mRNA transcribed from gene X would be less than normal. The amount of functional protein corresponding to gene X would be less than normal. The ability of snRNAs to form a spliceosome would be diminished. The breakdown of mature mRNA corresponding to gene X would be fasterarrow_forward
- The diagram below shows the structure of DNA from the level of a gene to a condensed mitotic chromosome. At each of the four locations marked, indicate how a gene may be regulated by selecting from the choices given. Some answer choices may fit into more than one position; however, you should use each answer choice only once. Choices given: Alternative splicing within the gene sequence can lead to different forms of mRNA. A promoter region can be blocked by another protein. Histone deacetylation can prevent DNA from unwinding. A regulatory region can be bound and increase transcription rates.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the mechanism of splicing is correct? 1. A mutation in a 5' splice site will always lead to a shorter mRNA. 2. Mutations in a non-splice site (for example, middle of an intron) does not affect the protein. 3. snRNPs at a 5' splice site can recognize and bind to snRNPs at another 5' splice stie. It is possible that a mutation in a splice site can lead to the removal of an exon. 4. A. 1, 2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only O E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.arrow_forwardA codon is a triplet of bases which codes for an amino acid. Exons are intervening sequence that are not spliced out during transcriptiona modification. RNA can never be double-stranded like DNA in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Alteration in BRCA-2 results to breast and ovarian cancer because of defect in the repair by homologous recombination. Write T if the statement is true and write F if the statement is falsearrow_forward
- Unlike in prokaryotic cells, transcription and translation in eukaryotic cells... Group of answer choices are separated: transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, and translation occurs in the nucleus. occur together in the cytosol. occur together in the nucleus. are separated, except for proteins that bind to the DNA and ribosomes, which are translated in the nucleus. are separated: transcription occurs in the nucleus, and translation occurs in the cytoplasm.arrow_forwardSeveral different nucleic acids are involved in the process of getting a protein produced from a gene. DNA contains the "genetic code" for the protein. DNA is double-stranded, but only one strand is transcribed into MRNA. The MRNA then goes into the cytoplasm where it is translated into protein with the help of TRNA. At each stage of the process, there is base complementarity (A pairs with T/U and C pairs with G) between the nucleic acids involved to ensure the integrity of the DNA blueprint for the protein being produced. Therefore, some of the four strands of nucleic acids involved will match (except U replaces T in RNA) and some will have base complementarity. Indicate whether there is matching (1) or base complementarity (2) between the following nucleic acids. DNA sense strand and MRNA DNA sense strand and tRNA DNA antisense strand and MRNA MRNA and TRNAarrow_forwardA diagram of a gene is shown below. Normally, exons 1, 2, and 3 are present in the mature mRNA. (shown in attatched image) A mutation occurred at the 5’ splice site of exon 1 as shown by the star such that the spliceosome cannot bind to this location during mRNA processing of the pre-mRNA into the mature mRNA. Which of the following is/are a possible result of this mutation? (select all that apply) a)The pre-mRNA transcribed from this gene sequence will be longer than normal. b)The protein translated from this mRNA will be a different length than the normal protein. c)The mature mRNA will be longer. d)The mature mRNA will be shorter.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? Genes are never simultaneously transcribed and translated in Eukaryotes. Both Eukaryotes and bacteria have rRNA and tRNA genes. The lac mRNA in bacteria encodes multiple proteins. There are many different definitions of gene. All of the above are truearrow_forwardSome genes have the genetic code responsible for coding more than one protein based on the process of mRNA splicing in the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell. Select one: True Falsearrow_forwardCystic fibrosis is a life-threatening disease that causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in areas of the body, including the lungs. Scientists are studying CFTR, the gene associated with cystic fibrosis in humans. In the majority of cystic fibrosis patients, the same mutation is seen in the same location on the CFTR geně. A partial DNA sequence, a partial MRNA transcript, and part of the normal polypetide that the makes up the CFTR protein that the CFTR gene codes for are shown in the diagram below. DNA 3 MRNA 5 AUC Polypeptide A partial DNA sequence, a partial MRNA transcript, and part of the CFTR polypeptide in a cystic fibrosis patient are shown in the diagram below. DNA 3 CACAA MRNA 5 Polypeptide Gly A Describe the change in the DNA sequence, the effect on the MRNA, and the effect on the polypeptide. B. Is this a "true" frameshift mutation? Why or why not? C. Would a single base insertion at the beginning of the gene have a larger or smaller effect on the resulting polypeptide…arrow_forward
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