Chapter 11.4, Problem 11.40QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given observation should be explained.

Boiling water at sea level is hotter than boiling water in the mountains.

Concept Introduction:

Gay Lussac’s Law gives the relationship between Pressure (P) and Temperature (T)

According to Gay Lussac’s Law, the pressure of gas has direct relationship with temperature in Kelvin of the gas if volume and amount of a gas are constant.

  $\frac{\text{P}}{\text{T}}$ = constant

  $\text{PαT}$

If the temperature or pressure of a gas changes without any change in amount of a gas and volume, then the final pressure and temperature will give the same $\frac{\text{P}}{\text{T}}$ as the initial pressure and temperature. Then, a relationship between initial and final $\frac{\text{P}}{\text{T}}$ can be set as equal to each other.

Gay Lussac’s Law can be written as:

  $\frac{{\text{P}}_{\text{1}}}{{\text{T}}_{\text{1}}}\text{=}\frac{{\text{P}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}}$ (Volume and amount of a gas remain constant)

Where, T₁ and P₁ are the initial temperature and pressure.

T₂ and P₂ are the final temperature and pressure.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given observation should be explained.

Water used to sterilize surgical equipment is heated to 120°C at 2.0 atm in an autoclave.

Concept Introduction:

Gay Lussac’s Law gives the relationship between Pressure (P) and Temperature (T)

According to Gay Lussac’s Law, the pressure of gas has direct relationship with temperature in Kelvin of the gas if volume and amount of a gas are constant.

  $\frac{\text{P}}{\text{T}}$ = constant

  $\text{PαT}$

If the temperature or pressure of a gas changes without any change in amount of a gas and volume, then the final pressure and temperature will give the same $\frac{\text{P}}{\text{T}}$ as the initial pressure and temperature. Then, a relationship between initial and final $\frac{\text{P}}{\text{T}}$ can be set as equal to each other.

Gay Lussac’s Law can be written as:

  $\frac{{\text{P}}_{\text{1}}}{{\text{T}}_{\text{1}}}\text{=}\frac{{\text{P}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}}$ (Volume and amount of a gas remain constant)

Where, T₁ and P₁ are the initial temperature and pressure.

T₂ and P₂ are the final temperature and pressure.