To explain which treatment seems to be most effective and least effective.
Answer to Problem 39E
Patch plus drug is most effective and Nicotine patch is least effective.
Explanation of Solution
Given:
Successes | Failures | Total | ||
Nicotine patch | Observed | 40 | 204 | 244 |
Expected | 61.75 | 182.25 | 244.00 | |
(O - E)² / E | 7.66 | 2.60 | 10.26 | |
Drug | Observed | 74 | 170 | 244 |
Expected | 61.75 | 182.25 | 244.00 | |
(O - E)² / E | 2.43 | 0.82 | 3.25 | |
Patch plus drug | Observed | 87 | 158 | 245 |
Expected | 62.00 | 183.00 | 245.00 | |
(O - E)² / E | 10.08 | 3.41 | 13.49 | |
Placebo | Observed | 25 | 135 | 160 |
Expected | 40.49 | 119.51 | 160.00 | |
(O - E)² / E | 5.93 | 2.01 | 7.94 | |
Total | Observed | 226 | 667 | 893 |
Expected | 226.00 | 667.00 | 893.00 | |
(O - E)² / E | 26.10 | 8.84 | 34.94 | |
34.94 | chi-square | |||
3 | df | |||
1.26E-07 | p-value |
Calculation:
The least effective treatment is Nicotine patch as expected frequency 61.75 is higher than the observed frequency 40. That is, expected frequency deviates most from the observed frequency. The most effective treatment is Patch plus drug as expected frequency 62 is lower than the observed frequency 87.
Chapter 11 Solutions
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