Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780471198260
Author: Mary L. Boas
Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated
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Chapter 11.12, Problem 14P
Find the circumference of the ellipse
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7. [10 marks]
Let G
=
(V,E) be a 3-connected graph. We prove that for every x, y, z Є V, there is a
cycle in G on which x, y, and z all lie.
(a) First prove that there are two internally disjoint xy-paths Po and P₁.
(b) If z is on either Po or P₁, then combining Po and P₁ produces a cycle on which
x, y, and z all lie. So assume that z is not on Po and not on P₁. Now prove that
there are three paths Qo, Q1, and Q2 such that:
⚫each Qi starts at z;
• each Qi ends at a vertex w; that is on Po or on P₁, where wo, w₁, and w₂ are
distinct;
the paths Qo, Q1, Q2 are disjoint from each other (except at the start vertex
2) and are disjoint from the paths Po and P₁ (except at the end vertices wo,
W1, and w₂).
(c) Use paths Po, P₁, Qo, Q1, and Q2 to prove that there is a cycle on which x, y, and
z all lie. (To do this, notice that two of the w; must be on the same Pj.)
Chapter 11 Solutions
Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences
Ch. 11.3 - The integral in ( 3.1) is improper because of the...Ch. 11.3 - Use the recursion relation (3.4), and if needed,...Ch. 11.3 - Use the recursion relation (3.4), and if needed,...Ch. 11.3 - Use the recursion relation (3.4), and if needed,...Ch. 11.3 - Use the recursion relation (3.4), and if needed,...Ch. 11.3 - Use the recursion relation (3.4), and if needed,...Ch. 11.3 - Use the recursion relation (3.4), and if needed,...Ch. 11.3 - Express each of the following integrals as a ...Ch. 11.3 - Express each of the following integrals as a T...Ch. 11.3 - Express each of the following integrals as a ...
Ch. 11.3 - Express each of the following integrals as a ...Ch. 11.3 - Express each of the following integrals as a ...Ch. 11.3 - Express each of the following integrals as a ...Ch. 11.3 - Express each of the following integrals as a ...Ch. 11.3 - Express each of the following integrals as a ...Ch. 11.3 - A particle starting from rest at x=1 moves along...Ch. 11.3 - Express as a function 01ln1xp1dx, Hint: See...Ch. 11.5 - Using (5.3) with (3.4) and (4.1), find...Ch. 11.5 - Without computer or tables, but just using facts...Ch. 11.5 - In Chapter 1, equations(13.5)and (13.6), we...Ch. 11.5 - Prove that, for positive integral n:...Ch. 11.5 - Use (5.4) to show that (a) 12n12+n=(1)n if n= a...Ch. 11.5 - Prove...Ch. 11.5 - In the Table of Laplace Transforms (end of Chapter...Ch. 11.6 - Prove that B(p,q)=B(q,p). Hint: Put x=1y in...Ch. 11.6 - Prove equation (6.5) (6.5)B(p,q)=0yp1dy(1+y)p+q.Ch. 11.6 - Show that for integral n, m...Ch. 11.7 - Express the following integrals as B functions,...Ch. 11.7 - Express the following integrals as B functions,...Ch. 11.7 - Express the following integrals as B functions,...Ch. 11.7 - Express the following integrals as B functions,...Ch. 11.7 - Express the following integrals as B functions,...Ch. 11.7 - Express the following integrals as B functions,...Ch. 11.7 - Express the following integrals as B functions,...Ch. 11.7 - Express the following integrals as B functions,...Ch. 11.7 - Prove B(n,n)=Bn,12/22n1. Hint: In (6.4), use the...Ch. 11.7 - Computer plot the graph of x3+y3=8. Write the...Ch. 11.7 - Computer plot the graph of x3+y3=8. Write the...Ch. 11.7 - Computer plot the graph of x3+y3=8. Write the...Ch. 11.7 - Computer plot the graph of x3+y3=8. Write the...Ch. 11.8 - Complete the pendulum problem to find the period...Ch. 11.8 - Suppose that a car with a door open at right...Ch. 11.8 - The figure is part of a cycloid with parametric...Ch. 11.9 - Sketch or computer plot a graph of the function...Ch. 11.9 - Verify equations (9.2),(9.3), and (9.4). Hint:...Ch. 11.9 - Prove that erf(x) is an odd function of x. Hint:...Ch. 11.9 - Show that ey2/2dy=2 (a) by using (9.5) and (9.2a);...Ch. 11.9 - Replace x by $i x in(9.1)andlet t = i u$ to show...Ch. 11.9 - Assuming that x is real, show the following...Ch. 11.10 - Carry through the algebra to get equation (10.4).Ch. 11.10 - The integral xtp1etdt=(p,x) is called an...Ch. 11.10 - Express the complementary error function erfc (x)...Ch. 11.10 - En(x)=1exttndt,n=0,1,2,, and Ei(x)=xettdt, and...Ch. 11.10 - 2(a) Express E1(x) as an incomplete function. (b)...Ch. 11.10 - The logarithmic integral is li(x)=0xdtlnt. Express...Ch. 11.10 - Computer plot graphs of (a) En(x) for n=0 to 10...Ch. 11.11 - Use the term 1/(12p) in (11.5) to show that the...Ch. 11.11 - (a) To see the results in Problem 1 graphically,...Ch. 11.11 - In statistical mechanics, we frequently use the...Ch. 11.11 - Use Stirlings formula to evaluate...Ch. 11.11 - Use Stirlings formula to evaluate limnn+32n(n+1).Ch. 11.11 - Use equations (3.4) and (11.5) to show that...Ch. 11.11 - The function (p)=ddpln(p) is called the digamma...Ch. 11.11 - Sketch or computer plot a graph of y=lnx for x0....Ch. 11.11 - The following expression occurs in statistical...Ch. 11.11 - Use Stirlings formula to find limn(n!)1/n/n.Ch. 11.12 - Expand the integrands of K and E [see ( 12.3 )] in...Ch. 11.12 - Use a graph of sin2 and the text discussion just...Ch. 11.12 - Computer plot graphs of K(k) and E(k) in (12.3)...Ch. 11.12 - In Problems 4 to 13, identify each of the...Ch. 11.12 - In Problems 4 to 13, identify each of the...Ch. 11.12 - In Problems 4 to 13, identify each of the...Ch. 11.12 - In Problems 4 to 13, identify each of the...Ch. 11.12 - In Problems 4 to 13, identify each of the...Ch. 11.12 - In Problems 4 to 13, identify each of the...Ch. 11.12 - In Problems 4 to 13, identify each of the...Ch. 11.12 - In Problems 4 to 13, identify each of the...Ch. 11.12 - In Problems 4 to 13, identify each of the...Ch. 11.12 - In Problems 4 to 13, identify each of the...Ch. 11.12 - Find the circumference of the ellipse 4x2+9y2=36.Ch. 11.12 - Find the length of arc of the ellipse x2+y2/4=1...Ch. 11.12 - Find the are length of one arch of y=sinx.Ch. 11.12 - Write the integral in equation (12.7) as an...Ch. 11.12 - Computer plot graphs of sn u, cn u, and dn u, for...Ch. 11.12 - If u=ln(sec+tan), then is a function of u called...Ch. 11.12 - Show that for k=0:u=F(,0)=,snu=sinu,cnu=cosu,dnu=1...Ch. 11.12 - Show that the four answers given in Section 1 for...Ch. 11.12 - In the pendulum problem, =sing/lt is an...Ch. 11.12 - A uniform solid sphere of density 12 is floating...Ch. 11.12 - Sometimes you may find the notation F(,k) in...Ch. 11.12 - As in Problem $24,$ show that...Ch. 11.13 - Show that $ 0ymdy(1+y)n+1=1(nm)C(n,m) $ for...Ch. 11.13 - Show that B(m,n)B(m+n,k)=B(n,k)B(n+k,m).Ch. 11.13 - Use Stirlings formula to show that...Ch. 11.13 - Verify the asymptotic series 0etdt(1+xt)~ (1)nn!xn...Ch. 11.13 - Use gamma and beta function formulas to show that...Ch. 11.13 - Generalize Problem 5 to show that...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Identify each of the following integrals or...Ch. 11.13 - Find an expression for the exact value of (55.5)...Ch. 11.13 - Using your result in Problem 23 and equation...Ch. 11.13 - As in problems 23 and 24, find expressions for the...
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- 6. [10 marks] Let T be a tree with n ≥ 2 vertices and leaves. Let BL(T) denote the block graph of T. (a) How many vertices does BL(T) have? (b) How many edges does BL(T) have? Prove that your answers are correct.arrow_forward4. [10 marks] Find both a matching of maximum size and a vertex cover of minimum size in the following bipartite graph. Prove that your answer is correct. ย ພarrow_forward5. [10 marks] Let G = (V,E) be a graph, and let X C V be a set of vertices. Prove that if |S||N(S)\X for every SCX, then G contains a matching M that matches every vertex of X (i.e., such that every x X is an end of an edge in M).arrow_forward
- Q/show that 2" +4 has a removable discontinuity at Z=2i Z(≥2-21)arrow_forwardRefer to page 100 for problems on graph theory and linear algebra. Instructions: • Analyze the adjacency matrix of a given graph to find its eigenvalues and eigenvectors. • Interpret the eigenvalues in the context of graph properties like connectivity or clustering. Discuss applications of spectral graph theory in network analysis. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS3IZ9qoHazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 110 for problems on optimization. Instructions: Given a loss function, analyze its critical points to identify minima and maxima. • Discuss the role of gradient descent in finding the optimal solution. . Compare convex and non-convex functions and their implications for optimization. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qo Hazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forward
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