OWLv2 with Student Solutions Manual eBook, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card for McMurry's Organic Chemistry, 9th
OWLv2 with Student Solutions Manual eBook, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card for McMurry's Organic Chemistry, 9th
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305671874
Author: John E. McMurry
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Question
Book Icon
Chapter 1.10, Problem 14P
Interpretation Introduction

a) The oxygen atom in dimethyl ether, CH3-O-CH3

Interpretation:

The number of nonbonding lone pair of electrons present on oxygen atom in dimethyl ether is to be identified. Further its expected geometry is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The electrons present in the valence shell of an atom that are not involved in bonding with other atoms are called nonbonding or lone pair of electrons. In a molecule, if an atom has only single electrons in all hybridized orbitals then the bonds formed by these orbitals will be equivalent in all respects. The molecule will thus have a regular structure. But if the atom contains single electron as well as unshared pairs of electrons in the hybridized orbitals, the orbitals with unshared pair of electrons will tend to occupy as much space as those orbitals involved in bonding. The bond angles will be slightly different from the expected bond angle and hence the molecule will not have a regular geometry.

To determine:

The number of nonbonding lone pair of electrons present on oxygen atom in dimethyl ether and its expected geometry.

Interpretation Introduction

b) The nitrogen atom in trimethylamine, CH3-N- [CH3]2

Interpretation:

The number of nonbonding lone pair of electrons present on nitrogen atom in trimethylamine, is to be identified. Further its expected geometry is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The electrons present in the valence shell of an atom that are not involved in bonding with other atoms are called nonbonding or lone pair of electrons. In a molecule, if an atom has only single electrons in all hybridized orbitals then the bonds formed by these orbitals will be equivalent in all respects. The molecule will thus have a regular structure. But if the atom contains single electron as well as unshared pairs of electrons in the hybridized orbitals, the orbitals with unshared pair of electrons will tend to occupy as much space as those orbitals involved in bonding. The bond angles will be slightly different from the expected bond angle and hence the molecule will not have a regular geometry.

To determine:

The number of nonbonding lone pair of electrons present on nitrogen atom in trimethylamine and its expected geometry.

Interpretation Introduction

c) The phosphorus atom in phosphine, PH3

Interpretation:

The number of nonbonding lone pair of electrons present on phosphorus atom in phosphine is to be identified. Further the expected geometry of phosphorus atom in phosphine is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The electrons present in the valence shell of an atom that are not involved in bonding with other atoms are called nonbonding or lone pair of electrons. In a molecule, if an atom has only single electrons in all hybridized orbitals then the bonds formed by these orbitals will be equivalent in all respects. The molecule will thus have a regular structure. But if the atom contains single electron as well as unshared pairs of electrons in the hybridized orbitals, the orbitals with unshared pair of electrons will tend to occupy as much space as those orbitals involved in bonding. The bond angles will be slightly different from the expected bond angle and hence the geometry of the molecule will be pyramidal.

To determine:

The number of nonbonding lone pair of electrons present on phosphorus atom in phosphine and its expected geometry.

Answer:

The phosphorus atom in phosphine has one lone pair of electrons. The phosphorus atom is in sp3 hybridized state with one orbital occupied by lone pairs of electrons. Hence the geometry will be pyramid.

OWLv2 with Student Solutions Manual eBook, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card for McMurry's Organic Chemistry, 9th, Chapter 1.10, Problem 14P , additional homework tip  1

Explanation:

Phosphorus atom has five electrons in its valence shell. It has formed three single bonds with three hydrogen atoms in phosphine. Therefore one lone pair of electrons remains on phosphorus atom. In phosphine the phosphorus atom is in sp3 hybridized state. Three of the sp3 hybrid orbitals containing single electron are utilized for forming three P-H sigma bonds. The fourth sp3 hybrid orbital accommodates the lone pair of electrons and it occupy as much space as a P-H bond does. The H-P-H bond angles deviate slightly from the normal tetrahedral angle. Hence the shape is pyramidal.

Conclusion:

The phosphorus atom in phosphine has one lone pair of electrons. The phosphorus atom is in sp3 hybridized state with one orbital occupied by lone pairs of electrons. Hence the structure will be pyramidal.

OWLv2 with Student Solutions Manual eBook, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card for McMurry's Organic Chemistry, 9th, Chapter 1.10, Problem 14P , additional homework tip  2

Interpretation Introduction

d) The sulfur atom in the amino acid methionine

Interpretation:

The number of nonbonding lone pair of electrons present on sulfur atom in the amino acid methionine is to be identified and to state its expected geometry.

Concept introduction:

The electrons present in the valence shell of an atom that are not involved in bonding with other atoms are called nonbonding or lone pair of electrons. In a molecule, if an atom has only single electrons in all hybridized orbitals then the bonds formed by these orbitals will be equivalent in all respects. The molecule will thus have a regular structure. But if the atom contains single electron as well as unshared pairs of electrons in the hybridized orbitals, the orbitals with unshared pair of electrons will tend to occupy as much space as those orbitals involved in bonding. The bond angles will be slightly different from the expected bond angle.

To determine:

The number of nonbonding lone pair of electrons present on sulfur atom in the amino acid methionine and its expected geometry.

Blurred answer
Students have asked these similar questions
30. We will derive the forms of the molecular partition functions for atoms and molecules shortly in class, but the partition function that describes the translational and rotational motion of a homonuclear diatomic molecule is given by Itrans (V,T) = = 2πmkBT h² V grot (T) 4π²IKBT h² Where h is Planck's constant and I is molecular moment of inertia. The overall partition function is qmolec Qtrans qrot. Find the energy, enthalpy, entropy, and Helmholtz free energy for the translational and rotational modes of 1 mole of oxygen molecules and 1 mole of iodine molecules at 50 K and at 300 K and with a volume of 1 m³. Here is some useful data: Moment of inertia: I2 I 7.46 x 10- 45 kg m² 2 O2 I 1.91 x 101 -46 kg m²
K for each reaction step. Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making steps. HI HaC Drawing Arrows! H3C OCH3 H 4 59°F Mostly sunny H CH3 HO O CH3 'C' CH3 Select to Add Arrows CH3 1 L H&C. OCH3 H H H H Select to Add Arrows Q Search Problem 30 of 20 H. H3C + :0: H CH3 CH3 20 H2C Undo Reset Done DELL
Draw the principal organic product of the following reaction.

Chapter 1 Solutions

OWLv2 with Student Solutions Manual eBook, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card for McMurry's Organic Chemistry, 9th

Ch. 1.8 - Draw a line-bond structure for 1, 3-butadiene,...Ch. 1.8 - Following is a molecular model of aspirin...Ch. 1.9 - Draw a line-bond structure for propyne, CH3C≡CH....Ch. 1.10 - Prob. 14PCh. 1.12 - Prob. 15PCh. 1.12 - Prob. 16PCh. 1.12 - The following molecular model is a representation...Ch. 1.SE - Convert each of the following molecular models...Ch. 1.SE - The following model is a representation of citric...Ch. 1.SE - The following model is a representation of...Ch. 1.SE - The following model is a representation of...Ch. 1.SE - How many valence electrons does each of the...Ch. 1.SE - Give the ground-state electron configuration for...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 24APCh. 1.SE - Prob. 25APCh. 1.SE - Draw an electron-dot structure for acetonitrile,...Ch. 1.SE - Draw a line-bond structure for vinyl chloride,...Ch. 1.SE - Fill in any nonbonding valence electrons that are...Ch. 1.SE - Convert the following line-bond structures into...Ch. 1.SE - Convert the following molecular formulas into...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 31APCh. 1.SE - Oxaloacetic acid, an important intermediate in...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 33APCh. 1.SE - Potassium methoxide, KOCH3, contains both covalent...Ch. 1.SE - What is the hybridization of each carbon atom in...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 36APCh. 1.SE - Prob. 37APCh. 1.SE - What bond angles do you expect for each of the...Ch. 1.SE - Propose structures for molecules that meet the...Ch. 1.SE - What kind of hybridization do you expect for each...Ch. 1.SE - Pyridoxal phosphate, a close relative of vitamin...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 42APCh. 1.SE - Prob. 43APCh. 1.SE - Quetiapine, marketed as Seroquel, is a heavily...Ch. 1.SE - Tell the number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon...Ch. 1.SE - Why do you suppose no one has ever been able to...Ch. 1.SE - Allene, H2C=C=CH2, is somewhat unusual in that it...Ch. 1.SE - Allene (see Problem 1-47) is structurally related...Ch. 1.SE - Complete the electron-dot structure of caffeine,...Ch. 1.SE - Most stable organic species have tetravalent...Ch. 1.SE - A carbanion is a species that contains a...Ch. 1.SE - Divalent carbon species called carbenes are...Ch. 1.SE - There are two different substances with the...Ch. 1.SE - There are two different substances with the...Ch. 1.SE - There are two different substances with the...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 56APCh. 1.SE - Among the most common over-the-counter drugs you...
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781259911156
Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Text book image
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305577213
Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078021558
Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Text book image
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079373
Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781118431221
Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:WILEY