The way in which reversible binding of signaling molecule discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of cell ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals. Introduction: A signaling molecule is usually a ligand, hormone, pheromone, or a peptide molecule that connects to the receptor and changes its shape, thereby activating specific signal transduction pathway in the target cell. Inactivation mechanism is a process by which the cell ceases its response to a signal that is adhered to the receptor, so that the respective pathway is shut down.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 8IQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which reversible binding of signaling molecule discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of cell ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: A signaling molecule is usually a ligand, hormone, pheromone, or a peptide molecule that connects to the receptor and changes its shape, thereby activating specific signal transduction pathway in the target cell. Inactivation mechanism is a process by which the cell ceases its response to a signal that is adhered to the receptor, so that the respective pathway is shut down.

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which GTPase activity of G protein discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: G proteins are heterotrimeric proteins coupled to GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor, which spans the plasma membrane.

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphodiesterase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphodiesterases are a family of enzymes that can break the phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphatase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphatases are enzymes that remove a phosphate group from proteins.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 8IQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which reversible binding of signaling molecule discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of cell ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: A signaling molecule is usually a ligand, hormone, pheromone, or a peptide molecule that connects to the receptor and changes its shape, thereby activating specific signal transduction pathway in the target cell. Inactivation mechanism is a process by which the cell ceases its response to a signal that is adhered to the receptor, so that the respective pathway is shut down.

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which GTPase activity of G protein discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: G proteins are heterotrimeric proteins coupled to GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor, which spans the plasma membrane.

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphodiesterase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphodiesterases are a family of enzymes that can break the phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphatase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphatases are enzymes that remove a phosphate group from proteins.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 8IQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which reversible binding of signaling molecule discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of cell ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: A signaling molecule is usually a ligand, hormone, pheromone, or a peptide molecule that connects to the receptor and changes its shape, thereby activating specific signal transduction pathway in the target cell. Inactivation mechanism is a process by which the cell ceases its response to a signal that is adhered to the receptor, so that the respective pathway is shut down.

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which GTPase activity of G protein discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: G proteins are heterotrimeric proteins coupled to GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor, which spans the plasma membrane.

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphodiesterase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphodiesterases are a family of enzymes that can break the phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphatase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphatases are enzymes that remove a phosphate group from proteins.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 8IQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which reversible binding of signaling molecule discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of cell ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: A signaling molecule is usually a ligand, hormone, pheromone, or a peptide molecule that connects to the receptor and changes its shape, thereby activating specific signal transduction pathway in the target cell. Inactivation mechanism is a process by which the cell ceases its response to a signal that is adhered to the receptor, so that the respective pathway is shut down.

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which GTPase activity of G protein discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: G proteins are heterotrimeric proteins coupled to GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor, which spans the plasma membrane.

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphodiesterase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphodiesterases are a family of enzymes that can break the phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphatase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphatases are enzymes that remove a phosphate group from proteins.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 11, Problem 8IQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which reversible binding of signaling molecule discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of cell ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: A signaling molecule is usually a ligand, hormone, pheromone, or a peptide molecule that connects to the receptor and changes its shape, thereby activating specific signal transduction pathway in the target cell. Inactivation mechanism is a process by which the cell ceases its response to a signal that is adhered to the receptor, so that the respective pathway is shut down.

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which GTPase activity of G protein discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: G proteins are heterotrimeric proteins coupled to GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor, which spans the plasma membrane.

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphodiesterase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphodiesterases are a family of enzymes that can break the phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphatase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphatases are enzymes that remove a phosphate group from proteins.

Answer 6

Chapter 11, Problem 8IQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which reversible binding of signaling molecule discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of cell ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: A signaling molecule is usually a ligand, hormone, pheromone, or a peptide molecule that connects to the receptor and changes its shape, thereby activating specific signal transduction pathway in the target cell. Inactivation mechanism is a process by which the cell ceases its response to a signal that is adhered to the receptor, so that the respective pathway is shut down.

Answer 7

Chapter 11, Problem 8IQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which reversible binding of signaling molecule discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of cell ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: A signaling molecule is usually a ligand, hormone, pheromone, or a peptide molecule that connects to the receptor and changes its shape, thereby activating specific signal transduction pathway in the target cell. Inactivation mechanism is a process by which the cell ceases its response to a signal that is adhered to the receptor, so that the respective pathway is shut down.

Answer 8

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which GTPase activity of G protein discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: G proteins are heterotrimeric proteins coupled to GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor, which spans the plasma membrane.

Answer 9

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which GTPase activity of G protein discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Introduction: G proteins are heterotrimeric proteins coupled to GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor, which spans the plasma membrane.

Answer 10

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphodiesterase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphodiesterases are a family of enzymes that can break the phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides.

Answer 11

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphodiesterase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphodiesterases are a family of enzymes that can break the phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides.

Answer 12

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphatase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphatases are enzymes that remove a phosphate group from proteins.

Answer 13

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which phosphatase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphatases are enzymes that remove a phosphate group from proteins.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

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Solution Summary: The author explains how reversible binding of signaling molecule discontinues a cell's response and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Concept explainers

Videos

To explain: The way in which phosphodiesterase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphodiesterases are a family of enzymes that can break the phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides.

To explain: The way in which phosphatase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphatases are enzymes that remove a phosphate group from proteins.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 11 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains how reversible binding of signaling molecule discontinues a cell's response and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals.

Concept explainers

Videos

To explain: The way in which phosphodiesterase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals Introduction: Phosphodiesterases are a family of enzymes that can break the phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides.

To explain: The way in which phosphatase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals Introduction: Phosphatases are enzymes that remove a phosphate group from proteins.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 11 Solutions

To explain: The way in which phosphodiesterase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphodiesterases are a family of enzymes that can break the phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides.

To explain: The way in which phosphatase discontinues a cell’s response to a signal and maintains the ability of the cell to respond to fresh signals

Introduction: Phosphatases are enzymes that remove a phosphate group from proteins.