Chapter 11, Problem 87E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Freezing point and boiling point of the solutions to be calculated.

5g $\text{NaCl}$ into 25g water

Concept introduction:

Freezing point: Freezing point is defined as the temperature at which liquid into solid.

Boiling point: Boiling point is temperature at which the liquid into gas.

Elevation of boiling point: Elevation of boiling point of a liquid is occurrence that boiling point of a liquid would be greater when another substance is added to it. Resulting, the boiling point becomes higher than the pure solvent.

Depression of freezing point: Depression of freezing point is reducing in freezing point of a solvent when added non volatile solute. Volatile substance means easily vaporized at room temperature and non volatile means does not easily evaporate at room temperature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Freezing point and boiling point of the solutions to be calculated.

2.0g ${\text{Al(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{3}}$ into 15g water

Concept introduction:

Freezing point: Freezing point is defined as the temperature at which liquid into solid.

Boiling point: Boiling point is temperature at which the liquid into gas.

Elevation of boiling point: Elevation of boiling point of a liquid is occurrence that boiling point of a liquid would be greater when another substance is added to it. Resulting, the boiling point becomes higher than the pure solvent.

Depression of freezing point: Depression of freezing point is reducing in freezing point of a solvent when added non volatile solute. Volatile substance means easily vaporized at room temperature and non volatile means does not easily evaporate at room temperature.