1.
Introduction: Net operating income (NOI) is a measure of profitability wherein expenses are deducted from sales. The interest and taxes are not taken into consideration while computing NOI. It reveals the company's income from core activities.
The net operating income earned by each division and company as a whole.
2.
Introduction: Transfer price is the price charged by one department of a company to another department when goods or services are transferred. For example, Department A and Department B are the two departments of Company F. Department A produces Raw Material X, which is an input for Department B's final product. If Departments A and B agree to an inter-departmental transfer of Raw Material X, it will take place at a transfer price agreed upon by the managers of both departments.
To explain: Whether Division A should sell additional 1,000 units to Division B or not and provide its reasoning.
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MANAGERIAL ACCT(LL)+CONNECT+PROCTORIO PL
- Transfer Pricing from the Viewpoint of the Entire Company Division A manufactures electronic circuit boards. The boards can be sold either to Division B of the same company or to outside customers. Last year, the following activity occurred in Division A: Sales to Division B were at the same price as sales to outside customers. The circuit boards purchased by Division B were used in an electronic instrument manufactured by that division (one board per instrument). Division B incurred $100 in additional variable cost per instrument and then sold the instruments for $300 each. Required: 1. Prepare income statements for Division A, Division B, and the company as a whole. 2. Assume Division A’s manufacturing capacity is 20,000 circuit boards. Next year, Division B wants to purchase 5,000 circuit boards from Division A rather than 4,000. (Circuit boards of this type are not available from outside sources.) From the standpoint of the company as a whole, should Division A sell the 1,000…arrow_forward7arrow_forwardQuestion 10.4 Big Machines Corp. has two divisions. Division Y manufactures components that can be sold in the external market place or transferred to Division Z for further processing. The following data relate to Division Y's component product. Variable manufacturing costs/unit $925 Fixed costs/unit at capacity $275 Selling price/unit $1,800 The capacity of the plant is 2,500 units per year. Division Z has offered to purchase 350 units from Division Y at a price of $1,600/unit, which is the market price of the component. The manager of Division Y has refused this offer stating that it would only return a rate of 25.00%, when the divisional target return on sales is 28.00%. The Division Y manager also states that additional fixed costs of $195,000 would be required to produce the 350 units. The corporate required rate of return is 18% of assets and the existing asset base in Division Y is $2,500,000. Required: How many units must Division Y sell in order…arrow_forward
- aj.1arrow_forwardExercise 15-32 (Algo) International Transfer Prices (LO 15-4) San Jose Company operates a Manufacturing Division and an Assembly Division. Both divisions are evaluated as profit centers. Assembly buys components from Manufacturing and assembles them for sale. Manufacturing sells many components to third parties in addition to Assembly. Selected data from the two operations follow. Manufacturing Assembly Capacity (units) 402,000 202,000 Sales pricea $ 404 $ 1,310 Variable costsb $ 170 $ 484 Fixed costs $ 40,020,000 $ 24,020,000 a For Manufacturing, this is the price to third parties. b For Assembly, this does not include the transfer price paid to Manufacturing. Suppose Manufacturing is located in Country A with a tax rate of 70 percent and Assembly in Country B with a tax rate of 30 percent. All other facts remain the same. Required: a. Current production levels in Manufacturing are 202,000 units. Assembly requests an additional…arrow_forwardQS 22-19 (Algo) Determining transfer prices with excess capacity LO C1 The Windshield division of Jaguar Company makes windshields for use in its Assembly division. The Windshield division incurs variable costs of $296 per windshield and has capacity to make 590,000 windshields per year. The market price is $520 per windshield. The Windshield division incurs total fixed costs of $3,750,000 per year. If the Windshield division has excess capacity, what is the range of possible transfer prices that could be used on transfers between the Windshield and Assembly divisions? Transfer price per windshield will be at least but not more than Dravarrow_forward
- Exercise 15-32 (Algo) International Transfer Prices (LO 15-4) San Jose Company operates a Manufacturing Division and an Assembly Division. Both divisions are evaluated as profit centers. Assembly buys components from Manufacturing and assembles them for sale. Manufacturing sells many components to third parties in addition to Assembly. Selected data from the two operations follow. Manufacturing Assembly Capacity (units) 415,000 215,000 Sales pricea $ 430 $ 1,375 Variable costsb $ 235 $ 510 Fixed costs $ 40,150,000 $ 24,150,000 a For Manufacturing, this is the price to third parties. b For Assembly, this does not include the transfer price paid to Manufacturing. Suppose Manufacturing is located in Country A with a tax rate of 60 percent and Assembly in Country B with a tax rate of 40 percent. All other facts remain the same. Required: a. Current production levels in Manufacturing are 215,000 units. Assembly requests an additional…arrow_forwardExercise 15-29 (Algo) Evaluate Transfer Pricing System (LO 15-2) Southfield Division offers its product to outside markets for $124. It incurs variable costs of $49 per unit and fixed costs of $143,500 per month based on monthly production of 22,900 units. Northfield Division can acquire the product from an alternate supplier for $129 per unit or from Southwest Division for a transfer price of $124 plus $6 per unit in transportation costs. Required: a. What are the costs and benefits of the alternatives available to Southfield Division and Northfield Division with respect to the transfer of Southfield Division's product? Assume that Southfield Division can market all that it can produce. b. How would your answer change if Southfield Division had idle capacity sufficient to cover all of Northfield Division's needs? a. Net benefit b. Net benefit per unit per unitarrow_forwardCH11 #4 How do I figure out which products should be processed further?arrow_forward
- Exercise 11-13 (Algo) Transfer Pricing Situations [LO11-3] Skip to question [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] In each of the cases below, assume Division X has a product that can be sold either to outside customers or to Division Y of the same company for use in its production process. The managers of the divisions are evaluated based on their divisional profits. Case A B Division X: Capacity in units 100,000 95,000 Number of units being sold to outside customers 100,000 74,000 Selling price per unit to outside customers $ 55 $ 30 Variable costs per unit $ 26 $ 14 Fixed costs per unit (based on capacity) $ 7 $ 5 Division Y: Number of units needed for production 21,000 21,000 Purchase price per unit now being paid to an outside supplier $ 50 $ 28 Exercise 11-13 (Algo) Part 1 Required: 1. Refer to the data in case A above. Assume in this case that $3 per unit in variable selling costs can be avoided on…arrow_forwardExercise 15-27 (Algo) Evaluate Transfer Pricing System (LO 15-2) Lola Metals has two decentralized divisions, Stamping and Finishing. Finishing always has purchased certain units from Stamping at $48 per unit. Stamping plans to raise the price to $60 per unit, the price it receives from outside customers. As a result, Finishing is considering buying these units from outside suppliers for $48 per unit. Corporate policy allows division managers to choose both customers and suppliers regardless of the transfer price. Stamping's costs follow: Variable costs per unit Annual fixed costs Annual production of these units sold to Alpha Required: a. If Finishing buys from an outside supplier, the facilities that Stamping uses to produce these units will remain idle. What will be the impact on corporate profits if Lola Metals enforces a transfer price of $60 per unit between Stamping and Finishing? b. Suppose Lola Metals enforces a transfer price of $48 and insists that Stamping sell to Finishing…arrow_forwardExercise 11-3 (Algo) Transfer Pricing Basics [LO11-3] Sako Company’s Audio Division produces a speaker that is used by manufacturers of various audio products. Sales and cost data on the speaker follow: Selling price per unit on the intermediate market $ 120 Variable costs per unit $ 102 Fixed costs per unit (based on capacity) $ 8 Capacity in units 25,000 Sako Company has a Hi-Fi Division that could use this speaker in one of its products. The Hi-Fi Division will need 5,000 speakers per year. It has received a quote of $117 per speaker from another manufacturer. Sako Company evaluates division managers on the basis of divisional profits. Required: 1. Assume the Audio Division sells only 20,000 speakers per year to outside customers. a. From the standpoint of the Audio Division, what is the lowest acceptable transfer price for speakers sold to the Hi-Fi Division? b. From the standpoint of the Hi-Fi Division, what is the highest acceptable transfer price for speakers…arrow_forward
- Survey of Accounting (Accounting I)AccountingISBN:9781305961883Author:Carl WarrenPublisher:Cengage Learning