Chapter 11, Problem 7E

For each of the following species, identify the central atom(s) and propose a hybridization scheme for those atom(s): (a) ${\text{CO}}_2$ ; (b) ${\text{HONO}}_{\text{2}}$ ; (c) ${\text{ClO}}_3^{-}$ ; (d) ${\text{BF}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{-}}$ .