Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 6TYU
Which Observation suggestcd to Sutherland the involvement of a second messenger in epinephrine's effect on liver cells?
- (A) Enzymatic activity was proportional to the amount of calcium added to a cell-freeextract.
- (B) Receptor studies indicated that epinephrine was a ligand.
- (C) Glycogen breakdown was observed only when epinephrine was administered to intact cells.
- (D) Glycogen breakdown was observed only when epinephrine and glycogen Phosphorylase were mixed.
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Signaling molecules interact with cells through specific macromolecular
receptors. For each of the four receptors identified below, list all characteris-
tics, by number, which accurately describe that receptor.
(a) An adrenergic receptor
(b) A steroid receptor
(c) The LDL receptor.
(d) The insulin receptor,
(1) Located at the cell surface
(2) Associated with the protein clathrin
(3) Ligand binding stimulates the activity of phospholipase C
(4) A transmembrane protein
(5) A DNA-binding protein
(6) Located in the cell interior
(7) Receptor-ligand complex moves to the lysosome
(8) Receptor-ligand complex becomes concentrated in the nucleus
(9) Receptor activation can inhibit the synthesis of glycogen
(10) The hormone-receptor complex activates specific gene transcription
(11) Internalization decreases the synthesis of cholesterol esters
(a) Predict the effect of a mutation that enhances the activity of the kinase associated with the PDH complex. (b) Predict the effect of a mutation that reduces the activity of the phosphatase associated with the PDH complex.
Epinephrine stimulates glycogen breakdown by activating glycogen phosphorylase. However, in the research lab, no glycogen breakdown occurred when epinephrine was added to a test tube containing the enzyme and its substrate, glycogen.
Explain why glycogen phosphorylase could be activated by epinephrine only when the hormone was added to intact cells in a solution.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 11.1 - Explain how signaling is involved in ensuring that...Ch. 11.1 - In liver cells, glycogen Phosphorylase acts in...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.2 - Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a water-soluble...Ch. 11.2 - WHAT IF? What would the effect be if a cell made...Ch. 11.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How is ligand binding similar to...Ch. 11.3 - What is a protein kinase, and what is its role in...Ch. 11.3 - When a signal transduction pathway involves a...Ch. 11.3 - What is the actual signal that is being transduced...Ch. 11.3 - WHAT IF? If you exposed a cell to a ligand that...
Ch. 11.4 - How can a targct cell's response to a single...Ch. 11.4 - WHAT IF? If two cells have different scaffolding...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.5 - Give an example of apoptosis during embryonic...Ch. 11.5 - WH AT IF? If apoptosis occurred when it should...Ch. 11 - What determines whether a cell responds to a...Ch. 11 - How are the structures of a GPCR and an RTK...Ch. 11 - What is the difference between a protein kinase...Ch. 11 - What mechanisms in the cell terminale its response...Ch. 11 - What is an explanation for the similarities...Ch. 11 - Binding of a signaling molecule to which type of...Ch. 11 - The activation of receptor tyrosinc kinases is...Ch. 11 - Lipid-soluble signaling molecules, such as...Ch. 11 - Consider this pathway: epinephrine G...Ch. 11 - Apoptosis involves all but which of the following?...Ch. 11 - Which Observation suggestcd to Sutherland the...Ch. 11 - Protein phosphorylation is commonly involved with...Ch. 11 - DRAW IT Draw the following apoptotic pathway,...Ch. 11 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Identify the evolutlonary...Ch. 11 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 11 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY The aging process...Ch. 11 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION The properties...Ch. 11 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE There are five basic...
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