College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321879721
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 62GP
Each second, a nuclear power plant generates 2000 MJ of thermal energy from nuclear reactions in the reactor’s core. This energy is used to boil water and produce high-pressure steam at 300°C. The steam spins a turbine, which produces 700 MJ of electric power, then the steam is condensed and the water is cooled to 30°C before starting the cycle again.
a. What is the maximum possible efficiency of the plant?
b. What is the plant’s actual efficiency?
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Each second, a nuclear power plant generates 2000 MJ of thermal energy from nuclear reactions in the reactor’s core. This energy is used to boil water and produce high-pressure steam at 300°C. The steam spins a turbine, which produces 700 MJ of electric power, then the steam is condensed and the water is cooled to 30°C before starting the cycle again.a. What is the maximum possible efficiency of the plant?b. What is the plant’s actual efficiency?
A California geothermal power plant generates 4.3 MW by extracting 24 MW of heat from an underground source at 108°C and then discharging waste heat into the 17°C air.a. What is the actual efficiency of the plant?b. What is the theoretical efficiency?
A certain coal-fired power plant has a rated power capacity of P = 960 MW. The output of this plant is W = 0.39QH, where QH is the energy input as heat from the hot reservoir.
a. Write an equation for the efficiency of a heat engine in terms of QH and the heat QC exhausted to a low-temperature reservoir.
b. Which would increase the efficiency more, doubling QH or reducing QC by half?
c. Calculate the maximum thermal efficiency of the power plant.
d. Calculate the absolute value of the exhausted heat (QC) each second in MJ for the power plant.
Chapter 11 Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 11 - Rub your hands together vigorously. What happens?...Ch. 11 - Describe the energy transfers and transformations...Ch. 11 - According to Table 11.4, cycling at 15 km/h...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4CQCh. 11 - For most automobiles, the number of miles per...Ch. 11 - A glassblower heats up a blob of glass in a...Ch. 11 - When the space shuttle returns to earth, its...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8CQCh. 11 - Prob. 9CQCh. 11 - A 20 kg block of steel at 23C and a 150 g piece of...
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11CQCh. 11 - For Questions 12 through 17, give a specific...Ch. 11 - For Questions 12 through 17, give a specific...Ch. 11 - For Questions 12 through 17, give a specific...Ch. 11 - For Questions 12 through 17, give a specific...Ch. 11 - For Questions 12 through 17, give a specific...Ch. 11 - For Questions 12 through 17, give a specific...Ch. 11 - A fire pistonan impressive physics...Ch. 11 - Prob. 19CQCh. 11 - A drop of green ink falls into a beaker of clear...Ch. 11 - Prob. 21CQCh. 11 - Prob. 22CQCh. 11 - According to the second law of thermodynamics, it...Ch. 11 - Assuming improved materials and better processes,...Ch. 11 - Electric vehicles increase speed by using an...Ch. 11 - When the suns light hits the earth, the...Ch. 11 - When you put an ice cube tray filled with liquid...Ch. 11 - Prob. 28CQCh. 11 - A person is walking on level ground at constant...Ch. 11 - A person walks 1 km, turns around, and runs back...Ch. 11 - Prob. 31MCQCh. 11 - 200 J of heat is added to two gases, each in a...Ch. 11 - An inventor approaches you with a device that he...Ch. 11 - Prob. 34MCQCh. 11 - Prob. 35MCQCh. 11 - A refrigerators freezer compartment is set at 10C;...Ch. 11 - A 10% efficient engine accelerates a 1500 kg car...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2PCh. 11 - A typical photovoltaic cell delivers 4.0 103 W of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4PCh. 11 - A fast-food hamburger (with cheese and bacon)...Ch. 11 - In an average human, basic life processes require...Ch. 11 - An energy bar contains 6.0 g of fat. How much...Ch. 11 - An energy bar contains 22 g of carbohydrates. How...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9PCh. 11 - An energy bar contains 22 g of carbohydrates. If...Ch. 11 - Suppose your body was able to use the chemical...Ch. 11 - The label on a candy bar says 400 Calories....Ch. 11 - A weightlifter curls a 30 kg bar, raising it each...Ch. 11 - Prob. 14PCh. 11 - Prob. 15PCh. 11 - The planet Mercurys surface temperature varies...Ch. 11 - A piece of metal at 100C has its Celsius...Ch. 11 - Prob. 18PCh. 11 - 500 J of work are done on a system in a process...Ch. 11 - 600 J of heat energy are transferred to a system...Ch. 11 - 300 J of energy are transferred to a system in the...Ch. 11 - 10 J of heat are removed from a gas sample while...Ch. 11 - A heat engine extracts 55 kJ from the hot...Ch. 11 - A heat engine does 20 J of work while exhausting...Ch. 11 - A heat engine does 200 J of work while exhausting...Ch. 11 - A heat engine with an efficiency of 40% does 100 J...Ch. 11 - A power plant running at 35% efficiency generates...Ch. 11 - A heat engine operating between energy reservoirs...Ch. 11 - A newly proposed device for generating electricity...Ch. 11 - Converting sunlight to electricity with solar...Ch. 11 - A refrigerator takes in 20 J of work and exhausts...Ch. 11 - Air conditioners are rated by their coefficient of...Ch. 11 - 50 J of work are done on a refrigerator with a...Ch. 11 - Find the maximum possible coefficient of...Ch. 11 - Which, if any, of the heat engines in Figure...Ch. 11 - Which, if any, of the refrigerators in Figure...Ch. 11 - Prob. 37PCh. 11 - Prob. 38GPCh. 11 - Prob. 39GPCh. 11 - For how long would a 68 kg athlete have to swim at...Ch. 11 - a. How much metabolic energy is required for a 68...Ch. 11 - Prob. 42GPCh. 11 - Prob. 43GPCh. 11 - The record time for a Tour de France cyclist to...Ch. 11 - Championship swimmers take about 22 s and about 30...Ch. 11 - A 68 kg hiker walks at 5.0 km/h up a 7% slope....Ch. 11 - A 70 kg student consumes 2500 Cal each day and...Ch. 11 - To make your workouts more productive, you can get...Ch. 11 - The resistance of an exercise bike is often...Ch. 11 - Prob. 50GPCh. 11 - Prob. 51GPCh. 11 - A large horse can perform work at a steady rate of...Ch. 11 - A heat engine with a high-temperature reservoir at...Ch. 11 - An engine does 10 J of work and exhausts 15 J of...Ch. 11 - The heat exhausted to the cold reservoir of an...Ch. 11 - An engine operating at maximum theoretical...Ch. 11 - Some heat engines can run on very small...Ch. 11 - The coefficient of performance of a refrigerator...Ch. 11 - An engineer claims to have measured the...Ch. 11 - A 32% efficient electric power plant produces 900...Ch. 11 - A typical coal-fired power plant burns 300 metric...Ch. 11 - Each second, a nuclear power plant generates 2000...Ch. 11 - Prob. 63GPCh. 11 - Prob. 64GPCh. 11 - Air conditioners sold in the United States are...Ch. 11 - The surface waters of tropical oceans are at a...Ch. 11 - The light energy that falls on a square meter of...Ch. 11 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Kangaroo Locomotion...Ch. 11 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Kangaroo Locomotion...Ch. 11 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Kangaroo Locomotion...Ch. 11 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Kangaroo Locomotion...Ch. 11 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Kangaroo Locomotion...
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