EBK BIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 8220101337627
Author: Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 4LTB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Darwinism is a theory of evolution which states that all the species of organisms arise and develop through natural selection of certain small and inherited variations, which increase the ability to compete, survive and reproduce.
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Which of the following statements is NOT an observation or inference on which natural selection is based?
Group of answer choices
Only a fraction of an individual’s offspring may survive.
Species produce more offspring than the environment can support.
There is heritable variation among individuals.
Modifications of an organism acquires during its lifetime can be passed to its offspring.
Each of the following is necessary for natural selection to occur EXCEPT:
there is inheritable variation among members of the population.
more offspring are born than can survive.
organisms must change their anatomy (body structures) during their lifetime
Which of the following statements about the forces that drive evolution is TRUE?
Unlike the other evolutionary forces, natural selection is the only force that improves the match between the organism and its environment.
Unlike the other evolutionary forces, gene flow is the only force that causes populations to become more different.
Unlike the other evolutionary forces, mutation is the only force that decreases genetic variability.
Unlike the other evolutionary forces, nonrandom mating is the only force that changes allele frequency.
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- Which of the following is a necessary condition for natural selection to occur? The environment must be constant and unchanging. All individuals in a population must have equal chances of survival There must be variation among individuals in a population All individuals in a population must have identical traitsarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about evolution is true? Natural selection provides a population with the adaptations that it needs to survive in its environment. Specific features of the environment can generate natural selection on a trait. Evolution and natural selection are the same thing. Because it is driven by mutation, evolution by natural selection is a random process.arrow_forwardAlfred Russel Wallace and Charles Darwin accepted all of the following claims about evolution by means of natural selection, with the exception of: over time, the species will evolve as the more fit individuals replace the less fit individuals species can produce more offspring than the environment can sustain those individuals that are more fit will survive and reproduce in the greatest numbers variation is present among individuals of all species E. all individuals within a species have equal chances to improve their fitnessarrow_forward
- Which of the following are true of natural selection? Group of answer choices it is a variational process it is a linear process it decreases genetic diversity in populations it is a random process it is a transformational processarrow_forwardWhich the following statements about Darwin's theory of natural selection is true? O In order to reproduce more successfully, an individual must evolve so that it adapts to its environment. The natural environment consistently causes variation of certain traits in the population. O Individuals with inherited traits that are better suited to the local environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than less well-suited individuals. Natural selection, by its cumulative effects over long periods of time, could have caused random changes in ancestral species, thus giving rise to two or more descendant species.arrow_forwardNatural selection is based on all of the following except individuals who survive longer tend to have more offspring than those who die young genetic variation exists within populations Individuals adapt to their environments and, thereby, evolve populations tend to produce more offspring than the environment can support the best adapted individuals tend to reproduce morearrow_forward
- Which of the following factors is NOT an important part of natural selection? limited environmental resources selective breeding of domestic plants and animals heritable variation unequal reproduction with individuals best meeting environmental demands having the most success individuals better adapted to an environment being more likely to survivearrow_forwardCharles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace accepted all of the following claims about evolution by means of natural selection, with the exception of: over time, the species will evolve as the more fit individuals replace the less fit individuals species can produce more offspring than the environment can sustain those individuals that are more fit will survive and reproduce in the greatest numbers variation is present among individuals of all species all individuals within a species have equal chances to improve their fitnessarrow_forwardIn order for natural selection to occur, organisms must (select all that apply) have a variation that can be passed from one generation to the next. have differential reproductive success. survive longer than another organism. have adaptations to their environment.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is true about natural selection? Group of answer choices it acts on individuals it typically does not involve changes in genotype frequencies in a population it involves individuals willfully changing their genotype and/or phenotype in order to become better matched to their environment and leave more offspring it is a random process it involves humans increasing the frequency of desirable traits in a species by selecting which individuals breedarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the hypothesis that individuals who possess favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than those who possess less favorable traits? genetic drift gene flow mutation natural selectionarrow_forwardWhich of the below is NOT a component of natural selection? Group of answer choices Differential reproduction generated by human breeding. Variation is heritable. Variation among individuals. Differential reproduction among phenotypes.arrow_forward
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