Pearson eText Human Anatomy -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135273005
Author: Elaine Marieb, Patricia Wilhelm
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 4CYU
In a skeletal/muscular lever system, what structure is the fulcrum?
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Normal dive (for diving humans)
normal
breathing
dive
normal
breathing
Oz level
CO2 level
urgent need
to breathe
Oz blackout zone
high CO2 triggers breathing
6. This diagram shows rates of oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation in the blood in
relation to the levels needed to maintain consciousness and trigger the urgent need to breathe in
diving humans.
How might the location and slope of the O₂ line differ for diving marine mammals such as
whales and dolphins?
•
How might the location and slope of the CO₂ line differ for diving marine mammals such as
whales and dolphins?
•
•
Draw in predicted lines for O2 and CO2, based on your reasoning above.
How might the location of the Urgent Need to Breathe line and the O2 Blackout Zone line
differ for diving marine mammals?
What physiological mechanisms account for each of these differences, resulting in the ability
of marine mammals to stay submerged for long periods of time?
foraging/diet type
teeth
tongue
stomach
intestines
cecum
Insectivory
numerous, spiky, incisors procumbentExample: moleExample: shrew
--
simple
short
mostly lacking
Myrmecophagy
absent or reduced in numbers, peg-likeExample: tamandua anteater
extremely long
simple, often roughened
short
small or lacking
Terrestrial carnivory
sharp incisors; long, conical canines; often carnassial cheek teeth; may have crushing molarsExample: dog
--
simple
short
small
Aquatic carnivory
homodont, spiky, numerousExample: common dolphin
--
simple or multichambered (cetaceans only)
variable
small or absent
Sanguinivory
very sharp upper incisors; reduced cheek teethExample: vampire bat
grooved
tubular, highly extensible
long
small or lacking
Herbivory (except nectivores)
incisors robust or absent; canines reduced or absent; diastema; cheek teeth enlarged with complex occlusal surfacesExample: beaver
--
simple (hindgut fermenters) or multichambered (ruminants)
long
large
Filter feeding
none…
3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species
(A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your
answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the
diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences?
Species A
3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3
པར『ན་
cm 30
Species B
4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4
cm 10
Species C
0/4, 0/0,3/3, 3/3
020
Chapter 11 Solutions
Pearson eText Human Anatomy -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 11 - Name the fascicle arrangement in a muscle whose...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 11 - Which types of leavers operate at a mechanical...Ch. 11 - In a skeletal/muscular lever system, what...Ch. 11 - Most skeletal muscles of the body operate at a...Ch. 11 - Biceps brachii and brachialis both flex the...Ch. 11 - A muscle that abducts the thigh would cross the...Ch. 11 - At most joints (the knee and ankle are...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9CYUCh. 11 - Prob. 10CYU
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11CYUCh. 11 - Prob. 12CYUCh. 11 - Prob. 13CYUCh. 11 - Use your knowledge of word roots and the criteria...Ch. 11 - Prob. 15CYUCh. 11 - Describes the six movements possible at the...Ch. 11 - What muscle is the prime mover of dorsiflexion?...Ch. 11 - How do the lesser gluteals—gluteus medius and...Ch. 11 - Where is the linea alba located, and what muscles...Ch. 11 - Define the boundaries of the triangle of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 21CYUCh. 11 - Identify the body region where the following...Ch. 11 - Prob. 23CYUCh. 11 - Prob. 24CYUCh. 11 - Prob. 1RQCh. 11 - Prob. 2RQCh. 11 - Match the muscles in column B to their embryonic...Ch. 11 - The muscle that closes the eyes is (a) the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5RQCh. 11 - Prob. 6RQCh. 11 - Prob. 7RQCh. 11 - Prob. 8RQCh. 11 - Prob. 9RQCh. 11 - Prob. 10RQCh. 11 - The major muscles used in the up portion of a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 12RQCh. 11 - Prob. 13RQCh. 11 - Define and distinguish first-, second-, and...Ch. 11 - (a) Name the four pairs of muscles that act...Ch. 11 - List all six possible movements of the humerus...Ch. 11 - (a) Name two forearm muscles that are both...Ch. 11 - (a) Name the lateral rotators of the hip. (b)...Ch. 11 - Prob. 6SAEQCh. 11 - Define (a) a fascial compartment in a limb and (b)...Ch. 11 - Name two muscles in each of the following...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9SAEQCh. 11 - Prob. 10SAEQCh. 11 - Deduce some characteristics of the following...Ch. 11 - For the following muscles, list one action of...Ch. 11 - (a) Define palpation. (b) Why is a knowledge of...Ch. 11 - Explain how one locates the proper site for...Ch. 11 - Prob. 15SAEQCh. 11 - Name the borders of the triangle of auscultation.Ch. 11 - Prob. 17SAEQCh. 11 - Prob. 1CRCAQCh. 11 - Prob. 2CRCAQCh. 11 - Assume you are trying to lift a heavy weight off...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4CRCAQCh. 11 - Prob. 5CRCAQCh. 11 - Based on its fascicle orientation, determine...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7CRCAQCh. 11 - What class of lever is described by the following...Ch. 11 - Walking to her car after her 65th birthday party,...Ch. 11 - An athletic trainer was examining a college...
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- 3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species (A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences? Species A 3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3 cm 30 Species B 0/4, 0/0, 3/3, 3/3 cm 10 Species C 4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4 E 0 cm 20 AILarrow_forwardNormal dive (for diving humans) normal breathing dive normal breathing Oz level CO₂ level urgent need to breathe Oz blackout zone high CO₂ triggers breathing 6. This diagram shows rates of oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation in the blood in relation to the levels needed to maintain consciousness and trigger the urgent need to breathe in diving humans. • How might the location and slope of the O2 line differ for diving marine mammals such as whales and dolphins? • How might the location and slope of the CO2 line differ for diving marine mammals such as whales and dolphins? • • Draw in predicted lines for O2 and CO2, based on your reasoning above. How might the location of the Urgent Need to Breathe line and the O2 Blackout Zone line differ for diving marine mammals? What physiological mechanisms account for each of these differences, resulting in the ability of marine mammals to stay submerged for long periods of time?arrow_forwardHow much ATP will be produced during the following metabolic scenario: Aerobic respiration of a 5mM lipid solution that is made up of one glycerol and an 8-carbon fatty acid and 12-carbon fatty acid. Recall that when glycerol breaks down to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate it costs one ATP but your get an extra FADH2. Every two carbons of a fatty acid break down to one acetyl-CoA. Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in mM of ATP.arrow_forward
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