Study Guide for Chemistry: The Central Science
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780134554075
Author: Theodore E. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Bruce E. Bursten, Catherine Murphy, Patrick Woodward, Matthew E. Stoltzfus, James C. Hill
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 37E
The boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities of water and several alcohol are as shown below:
| Boiling point (ºC) |
Surface tension (J/m2) | Viscosity (kg/m-s) |
|
| Water, H2o | 100 | 7.3 x 10-2 | 0.9 x 10-3 |
| Ethanol, CH3CH2OH | 78 | 2.3 X 10-2 | 1.1 X 10 -3 |
| Propanol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH | 97 | 2.4 X 10-2 | 2.2 X 10-3 |
| n-Butanol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH | 117 | 2.6 X 10-2 | 2.6 X 10-3 |
| Ethylene glycol, HOCH2CH2OH | 197 | 4.8 X 10-2 | 26 X 10-3 |
- From ethanol to propanol to n-butanol the boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities all increases. What is the reason for this increase?
- How do you explain the fact that propanol and ethylene glycol have similar molecule weight(60 versus 62 amu), yet the viscosity of ethylene glycol is more than 10times larger than propanol?
- How do you explain the fact that water has the highest surface tension but the lowest viscosity?
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Students have asked these similar questions
The boiling points (at 1 atm of pressure) of several organic and inorganic materials are included below:
Chemical
Chemical Formula
ВР (°С)
Water
H2O
100
Acetone
C3H60
56
Dichloromethane
CH2CI2
39.6
Diethyl Ether
C4H100
34.6
Dodecanoic Acid
С10Н2002
269
Ethanol
C2H60
78.4
Formic Acid
CH2O2
100.8
Hexane
C6H14
68
Hydrogen Sulfide
H2S
-60
Toluene
C7H8
|110.8
Xylene
С8Н10
139
Using the language of intermolecular forces, what insights can you offer to explain the data?
A 0.488 mol sample of liquid propanol (60.09 g/mol) is heated from 25.7°C to 329.2C. The boiling point of propanol is 206.6°C. The specific heat of liquid propanol is 2.40 J/g°C. The specific heat of propanol vapor is 1.42 J/g°C. The enthalpy of vaporization for propanol is 47.5 kJ/mol.What is the energy change of this process, in kJ?
Say that you place a drop of each of the following substances on wax paper: water, hexane, 1-butanol, acetone, and glycerol. Which statement correctly describes why hexane forms a drop with the largest diameter on the wax paper?
A hydrogen bond forms between hexane and the wax paper.
Hexane and the wax paper form a relatively strong dipole-dipole force.
Hexane and the wax paper form a relatively strong London-dispersion force.
Essentially no bond forms between the hexane and the wax paper.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Study Guide for Chemistry: The Central Science
Ch. 11.2 - Which of the following substances is most likely...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 11.1.2PECh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.2.1PECh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.2.2PECh. 11.4 - What information about water is needed to...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 11.3.2PECh. 11.5 -
In the mountains, water in an open container will...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 11.4.2PECh. 11.6 - Prob. 11.5.1PECh. 11.6 - Prob. 11.5.2PE
Ch. 11.7 - Liquid crystalline phases are produced by which of...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 11.6.2PECh. 11 - Prob. 1DECh. 11 - Prob. 1ECh. 11 - Prob. 2ECh. 11 - Prob. 3ECh. 11 - If 42.0 kj of heat is added to a 32.0-g sample of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5ECh. 11 - The molecules have the same molecular formula...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7ECh. 11 - Prob. 8ECh. 11 - Prob. 9ECh. 11 - Prob. 10ECh. 11 - Prob. 11ECh. 11 - Prob. 12ECh. 11 - Prob. 13ECh. 11 - Prob. 14ECh. 11 - Prob. 15ECh. 11 - Prob. 16ECh. 11 - Describe the intermolecular forces that must be...Ch. 11 - Prob. 18ECh. 11 - List the following molecules in order of...Ch. 11 - True or false: a. For molecules with similar...Ch. 11 - Prob. 21ECh. 11 - Prob. 22ECh. 11 - Prob. 23ECh. 11 - Prob. 24ECh. 11 - Prob. 25ECh. 11 - Prob. 26ECh. 11 - Prob. 27ECh. 11 - Prob. 28ECh. 11 - Prob. 29ECh. 11 - Prob. 30ECh. 11 - A number of salts containing the tetrahedral...Ch. 11 - Prob. 32ECh. 11 - a. What is the relationship between surface...Ch. 11 - Prob. 34ECh. 11 - Prob. 35ECh. 11 - Prob. 36ECh. 11 - The boiling points, surface tension, and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 38ECh. 11 - Prob. 39ECh. 11 - Prob. 40ECh. 11 - Prob. 41ECh. 11 - Prob. 42ECh. 11 - 11.43 For many years drinking water has been...Ch. 11 - Prob. 44ECh. 11 - Prob. 45ECh. 11 - The fluorocarbon compound C2 Cl 3£'y has a normal...Ch. 11 - 11.47 Indicate whether each statement is true or...Ch. 11 - Prob. 48ECh. 11 - 11,49 Which of the following affects the vapor...Ch. 11 - Prob. 50ECh. 11 - Prob. 51ECh. 11 - Prob. 52ECh. 11 - Prob. 53ECh. 11 - Prob. 54ECh. 11 - Prob. 55ECh. 11 - Prob. 56ECh. 11 - Prob. 57ECh. 11 - Prob. 58ECh. 11 - Prob. 59ECh. 11 - Prob. 60ECh. 11 - Prob. 61ECh. 11 - Prob. 62ECh. 11 - Prob. 63ECh. 11 - Prob. 64ECh. 11 - In terms of the arrangement and freedom of motion...Ch. 11 - Prob. 66ECh. 11 - Prob. 67ECh. 11 - Prob. 68ECh. 11 - Prob. 69ECh. 11 - Prob. 70ECh. 11 - Prob. 71ECh. 11 - Prob. 72ECh. 11 - Prob. 73AECh. 11 - Prob. 74AECh. 11 - Prob. 75AECh. 11 - Prob. 76AECh. 11 - Prob. 77AECh. 11 - The table below shows the normal boiling points of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 79AECh. 11 - Prob. 80AECh. 11 - Prob. 81AECh. 11 - Prob. 82AECh. 11 - Prob. 83AECh. 11 - Prob. 84AECh. 11 - Prob. 85AECh. 11 - Prob. 86AECh. 11 - Prob. 87AECh. 11 - Prob. 88AECh. 11 - Prob. 89AECh. 11 - Prob. 90IECh. 11 - Prob. 91IECh. 11 - Prob. 92IECh. 11 - 11.93 The vapor pressure of ethanol (C2H5OH) at 19...Ch. 11 - Prob. 94IECh. 11 - Prob. 95IECh. 11 - Prob. 96IECh. 11 - Prob. 97IE
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