Chapter 11, Problem 31A

Summary Introduction

To hypothesize:

The need for telomeres.

Introduction:

Chromosomes are the structures that contain the genetic material that are passed from generation to generation of cells. A chromosome consist of two identical sister chromatids. The protective ends of the chromosomes are called telomeres. They are made of DNA associated with proteins.

Answer to Problem 31A

1. Telomeres are needed to protect the ends of chromosomes during cell division.
2. They protect important genes at the end of chromosomes.
3. They help in replication process.
4. They are involved in aging and cancer.

Explanation of Solution

1. Chromosomes have protective caps called telomeres that consist of DNA associated with proteins. The cap serves as a protective function for the structure of the chromosome. Without these DNA strands get damaged and cells don’t function properly.
2. They protect the vital information in the DNA.
3. Telomeres help in replication of DNA. They protect the vital genes from being deleted as DNA strands shorten during replication.
4. Telomeres get shorter with age. So missing telomeres is a sign of aging and sometimes indicate cancer.