Biology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780073383071
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 1U
In comparing somatic cells and gametes, somatic cells are
a. diploid with half the number of chromosomes.
b. haploid with half the number of chromosomes.
c. diploid with twice the number of chromosomes.
d. haploid with twice the number of chromosomes.
Expert Solution & Answer
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Somatic cells or body cells are diploid cells containing two sets of a chromosome. Somatic cells are formed by the process of mitosis while gametes or germ cells are formed by the process of meiosis. Gametes formation occurs by the fusion of egg and sperm cells during meiosis.
Answer to Problem 1U
Correct answer:
On comparing somatic cells and gametes, somatic cells are diploid with twice the number of chromosomes. Therefore, option c is correct.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for the correct statement:
Somatic cells contain
Option c. is given as “diploid with twice the number of chromosomes.”
As “Somatic cells contain two sets of chromosomes, they are said to be diploid. Gametes contain only one set of chromosomes and they are said to be haploid. Gametes are the sex cells (egg and sperm cells) that undergo meiosis, whereas somatic cells are the body cells that undergo mitosis. Somatic cells are diploid cells with twice the number of chromosomes”. Hence, it is the right answer.
Hence, option c. is correct.
Reasons for the incorrect statements:
Option a. is given as “diploid with half the numbers of chromosomes”.
On comparing the somatic cells with gametes, somatic cells are diploid in nature and contain twice the number of chromosomes. Therefore, it is the wrong answer.
Option b. is given as “haploid with half the number of chromosomes”.
The somatic cells are diploid cells that have twice the number of chromosomes in comparison to gametes. Therefore, it is the wrong answer.
Option d. is given as “haploid with twice the number of the chromosomes”.
On comparing the somatic cells with the gametes, somatic cells have twice the numbers of chromosomes (
Hence, options a., b. and d. are incorrect.
Conclusion
Conclusion:
Somatic cells contain twice the numbers of chromosomes and are diploid in nature, while gametes are the sex cells and are haploid in nature that contain half the number of chromosomes.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
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3' poly A tail
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MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
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D
F
E
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8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
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Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 11 Solutions
Biology
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Ch. 11 - Which phase of meiosis I is most similar to the...Ch. 11 - Structurally, meiotic cohesins have different...Ch. 11 - Prob. 6ACh. 11 - Diagram the process of meiosis for an imaginary...Ch. 11 - Mules are the offspring of the mating of a horse...Ch. 11 - Compare the processes of independent assortment...Ch. 11 - Aneuploid gametes are cells that contain the wrong...
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