Read the following on attendance and grades, and answer the questions. A study conducted at Manatee Community College revealed that students who attended class 95 to 100% of the time usually received an A in the class. Students who attended class 80 to 90% of the time usually received a B or C in the class Students who attended class less than 80% of the time usually received a D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class. Based on this information, attendance and grades are related. The more you attend class, the more likely it is you will receive a higher grade. If you improve your attendance, your grades will probably improve. Many factors affect your grade in a course. One factor that you have considerable control over is attendance. You can increase your opportunities for learning by attending class more often. 1. What are the variables under study? 2. What are the data in the study? 3. Are descriptive, inferential, or both types of statistics used? 4. What is the population under study? 5. Was a sample collected? If so, from where? 6. From the information given, comment on the relationship between the variables.

Question

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 1.1, Problem 1AC

Read the following on attendance and grades, and answer the questions.

A study conducted at Manatee Community College revealed that students who attended class 95 to 100% of the time usually received an A in the class. Students who attended class 80 to 90% of the time usually received a B or C in the class Students who attended class less than 80% of the time usually received a D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class.

Based on this information, attendance and grades are related. The more you attend class, the more likely it is you will receive a higher grade. If you improve your attendance, your grades will probably improve. Many factors affect your grade in a course. One factor that you have considerable control over is attendance. You can increase your opportunities for learning by attending class more often.

1. What are the variables under study?

2. What are the data in the study?

3. Are descriptive, inferential, or both types of statistics used?

4. What is the population under study?

5. Was a sample collected? If so, from where?

6. From the information given, comment on the relationship between the variables.

(1)

Expert Solution

To determine

The variables under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The variables under study are grades and attendance.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

A variable is a symbolic representation of a quantity which is likely to vary or change. It is generally a quantity or number that is measured.

The study conducted was based on attendance and grades. These parameters are likely to change and it measured for conducting the study. So, it grades and attendance is variable. The values of these variables changes with different set of data.

Therefore, the variables under study are grades and attendance.

(2)

Expert Solution

To determine

The data under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The data under study consists of specific grades and attendance numbers.

Explanation of Solution

The given information is that the study revealed the below results on the percentage of students who attended the class and grades received by the students.

Percentage of students attended the class	Grades
95 to 100%	A
80 to 90%	B or C
less than 80%	D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class

Justification:

Data refers to the collection of facts or figures from which inferences can be drawn. The data helps us to compare and analyze about the figures.

Grades are characterized to be specific for every student and attendance can be counted in numbers. In the given survey, based on the attendance of the students the grades received by the students are analyzed.

Therefore, the data under study are specific grades and attendance numbers.

(3)

Expert Solution

To determine

To find: Whether descriptive, inference or both type of statistics is used.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The statistics which is used is descriptive statistics.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Descriptive statistics:

Descriptive statistics deals with arranging, tabulating, summarizing and displaying the data.

Manatee Community College has classified their students in different class levels on the basis of their attendance, which summarizes the number of students in each class level.

It organizes and summarizes the data.

Therefore, the statistics used is descriptive statistics.

(4)

Expert Solution

To determine

The population under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College (MCC).

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Population:

Population consists of people, objects, events and measurements. A population can be a common feature that can be grouped together.

Here, the study deals with the students in Manatee Community College.

Therefore, the population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College.

(5)

Expert Solution

To determine

Whether the sample was collected or not and from where it was collected.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The sample is data is collected from Manatee Community College.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Sample:

The information about the population is obtained from the sample. That is, a sample is considered to be a subset of the given population.

The study was conducted on students going to Manatee Community College. The students are taken as sample data. Hence, the sample was collected from Manatee Community College.

(6)

Expert Solution

To determine

To explain: The relationship between the variables.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The grades are higher when the attendance is higher.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Here, as the attendance increases, the grades obtained by the students also increases. Hence, if the attendance rate increases, then the grades are higher.

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 1.1, Problem 1AC

Read the following on attendance and grades, and answer the questions.

A study conducted at Manatee Community College revealed that students who attended class 95 to 100% of the time usually received an A in the class. Students who attended class 80 to 90% of the time usually received a B or C in the class Students who attended class less than 80% of the time usually received a D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class.

Based on this information, attendance and grades are related. The more you attend class, the more likely it is you will receive a higher grade. If you improve your attendance, your grades will probably improve. Many factors affect your grade in a course. One factor that you have considerable control over is attendance. You can increase your opportunities for learning by attending class more often.

1. What are the variables under study?

2. What are the data in the study?

3. Are descriptive, inferential, or both types of statistics used?

4. What is the population under study?

5. Was a sample collected? If so, from where?

6. From the information given, comment on the relationship between the variables.

(1)

Expert Solution

To determine

The variables under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The variables under study are grades and attendance.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

A variable is a symbolic representation of a quantity which is likely to vary or change. It is generally a quantity or number that is measured.

The study conducted was based on attendance and grades. These parameters are likely to change and it measured for conducting the study. So, it grades and attendance is variable. The values of these variables changes with different set of data.

Therefore, the variables under study are grades and attendance.

(2)

Expert Solution

To determine

The data under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The data under study consists of specific grades and attendance numbers.

Explanation of Solution

The given information is that the study revealed the below results on the percentage of students who attended the class and grades received by the students.

Percentage of students attended the class	Grades
95 to 100%	A
80 to 90%	B or C
less than 80%	D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class

Justification:

Data refers to the collection of facts or figures from which inferences can be drawn. The data helps us to compare and analyze about the figures.

Grades are characterized to be specific for every student and attendance can be counted in numbers. In the given survey, based on the attendance of the students the grades received by the students are analyzed.

Therefore, the data under study are specific grades and attendance numbers.

(3)

Expert Solution

To determine

To find: Whether descriptive, inference or both type of statistics is used.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The statistics which is used is descriptive statistics.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Descriptive statistics:

Descriptive statistics deals with arranging, tabulating, summarizing and displaying the data.

Manatee Community College has classified their students in different class levels on the basis of their attendance, which summarizes the number of students in each class level.

It organizes and summarizes the data.

Therefore, the statistics used is descriptive statistics.

(4)

Expert Solution

To determine

The population under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College (MCC).

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Population:

Population consists of people, objects, events and measurements. A population can be a common feature that can be grouped together.

Here, the study deals with the students in Manatee Community College.

Therefore, the population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College.

(5)

Expert Solution

To determine

Whether the sample was collected or not and from where it was collected.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The sample is data is collected from Manatee Community College.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Sample:

The information about the population is obtained from the sample. That is, a sample is considered to be a subset of the given population.

The study was conducted on students going to Manatee Community College. The students are taken as sample data. Hence, the sample was collected from Manatee Community College.

(6)

Expert Solution

To determine

To explain: The relationship between the variables.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The grades are higher when the attendance is higher.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Here, as the attendance increases, the grades obtained by the students also increases. Hence, if the attendance rate increases, then the grades are higher.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 1.1, Problem 1AC

Read the following on attendance and grades, and answer the questions.

A study conducted at Manatee Community College revealed that students who attended class 95 to 100% of the time usually received an A in the class. Students who attended class 80 to 90% of the time usually received a B or C in the class Students who attended class less than 80% of the time usually received a D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class.

Based on this information, attendance and grades are related. The more you attend class, the more likely it is you will receive a higher grade. If you improve your attendance, your grades will probably improve. Many factors affect your grade in a course. One factor that you have considerable control over is attendance. You can increase your opportunities for learning by attending class more often.

1. What are the variables under study?

2. What are the data in the study?

3. Are descriptive, inferential, or both types of statistics used?

4. What is the population under study?

5. Was a sample collected? If so, from where?

6. From the information given, comment on the relationship between the variables.

(1)

Expert Solution

To determine

The variables under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The variables under study are grades and attendance.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

A variable is a symbolic representation of a quantity which is likely to vary or change. It is generally a quantity or number that is measured.

The study conducted was based on attendance and grades. These parameters are likely to change and it measured for conducting the study. So, it grades and attendance is variable. The values of these variables changes with different set of data.

Therefore, the variables under study are grades and attendance.

(2)

Expert Solution

To determine

The data under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The data under study consists of specific grades and attendance numbers.

Explanation of Solution

The given information is that the study revealed the below results on the percentage of students who attended the class and grades received by the students.

Percentage of students attended the class	Grades
95 to 100%	A
80 to 90%	B or C
less than 80%	D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class

Justification:

Data refers to the collection of facts or figures from which inferences can be drawn. The data helps us to compare and analyze about the figures.

Grades are characterized to be specific for every student and attendance can be counted in numbers. In the given survey, based on the attendance of the students the grades received by the students are analyzed.

Therefore, the data under study are specific grades and attendance numbers.

(3)

Expert Solution

To determine

To find: Whether descriptive, inference or both type of statistics is used.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The statistics which is used is descriptive statistics.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Descriptive statistics:

Descriptive statistics deals with arranging, tabulating, summarizing and displaying the data.

Manatee Community College has classified their students in different class levels on the basis of their attendance, which summarizes the number of students in each class level.

It organizes and summarizes the data.

Therefore, the statistics used is descriptive statistics.

(4)

Expert Solution

To determine

The population under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College (MCC).

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Population:

Population consists of people, objects, events and measurements. A population can be a common feature that can be grouped together.

Here, the study deals with the students in Manatee Community College.

Therefore, the population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College.

(5)

Expert Solution

To determine

Whether the sample was collected or not and from where it was collected.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The sample is data is collected from Manatee Community College.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Sample:

The information about the population is obtained from the sample. That is, a sample is considered to be a subset of the given population.

The study was conducted on students going to Manatee Community College. The students are taken as sample data. Hence, the sample was collected from Manatee Community College.

(6)

Expert Solution

To determine

To explain: The relationship between the variables.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The grades are higher when the attendance is higher.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Here, as the attendance increases, the grades obtained by the students also increases. Hence, if the attendance rate increases, then the grades are higher.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 1.1, Problem 1AC

Read the following on attendance and grades, and answer the questions.

A study conducted at Manatee Community College revealed that students who attended class 95 to 100% of the time usually received an A in the class. Students who attended class 80 to 90% of the time usually received a B or C in the class Students who attended class less than 80% of the time usually received a D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class.

Based on this information, attendance and grades are related. The more you attend class, the more likely it is you will receive a higher grade. If you improve your attendance, your grades will probably improve. Many factors affect your grade in a course. One factor that you have considerable control over is attendance. You can increase your opportunities for learning by attending class more often.

1. What are the variables under study?

2. What are the data in the study?

3. Are descriptive, inferential, or both types of statistics used?

4. What is the population under study?

5. Was a sample collected? If so, from where?

6. From the information given, comment on the relationship between the variables.

(1)

Expert Solution

To determine

The variables under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The variables under study are grades and attendance.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

A variable is a symbolic representation of a quantity which is likely to vary or change. It is generally a quantity or number that is measured.

The study conducted was based on attendance and grades. These parameters are likely to change and it measured for conducting the study. So, it grades and attendance is variable. The values of these variables changes with different set of data.

Therefore, the variables under study are grades and attendance.

(2)

Expert Solution

To determine

The data under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The data under study consists of specific grades and attendance numbers.

Explanation of Solution

The given information is that the study revealed the below results on the percentage of students who attended the class and grades received by the students.

Percentage of students attended the class	Grades
95 to 100%	A
80 to 90%	B or C
less than 80%	D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class

Justification:

Data refers to the collection of facts or figures from which inferences can be drawn. The data helps us to compare and analyze about the figures.

Grades are characterized to be specific for every student and attendance can be counted in numbers. In the given survey, based on the attendance of the students the grades received by the students are analyzed.

Therefore, the data under study are specific grades and attendance numbers.

(3)

Expert Solution

To determine

To find: Whether descriptive, inference or both type of statistics is used.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The statistics which is used is descriptive statistics.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Descriptive statistics:

Descriptive statistics deals with arranging, tabulating, summarizing and displaying the data.

Manatee Community College has classified their students in different class levels on the basis of their attendance, which summarizes the number of students in each class level.

It organizes and summarizes the data.

Therefore, the statistics used is descriptive statistics.

(4)

Expert Solution

To determine

The population under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College (MCC).

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Population:

Population consists of people, objects, events and measurements. A population can be a common feature that can be grouped together.

Here, the study deals with the students in Manatee Community College.

Therefore, the population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College.

(5)

Expert Solution

To determine

Whether the sample was collected or not and from where it was collected.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The sample is data is collected from Manatee Community College.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Sample:

The information about the population is obtained from the sample. That is, a sample is considered to be a subset of the given population.

The study was conducted on students going to Manatee Community College. The students are taken as sample data. Hence, the sample was collected from Manatee Community College.

(6)

Expert Solution

To determine

To explain: The relationship between the variables.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The grades are higher when the attendance is higher.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Here, as the attendance increases, the grades obtained by the students also increases. Hence, if the attendance rate increases, then the grades are higher.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

(1)

Expert Solution

To determine

The variables under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The variables under study are grades and attendance.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

A variable is a symbolic representation of a quantity which is likely to vary or change. It is generally a quantity or number that is measured.

The study conducted was based on attendance and grades. These parameters are likely to change and it measured for conducting the study. So, it grades and attendance is variable. The values of these variables changes with different set of data.

Therefore, the variables under study are grades and attendance.

(2)

Expert Solution

To determine

The data under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The data under study consists of specific grades and attendance numbers.

Explanation of Solution

The given information is that the study revealed the below results on the percentage of students who attended the class and grades received by the students.

Percentage of students attended the class	Grades
95 to 100%	A
80 to 90%	B or C
less than 80%	D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class

Justification:

Data refers to the collection of facts or figures from which inferences can be drawn. The data helps us to compare and analyze about the figures.

Grades are characterized to be specific for every student and attendance can be counted in numbers. In the given survey, based on the attendance of the students the grades received by the students are analyzed.

Therefore, the data under study are specific grades and attendance numbers.

(3)

Expert Solution

To determine

To find: Whether descriptive, inference or both type of statistics is used.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The statistics which is used is descriptive statistics.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Descriptive statistics:

Descriptive statistics deals with arranging, tabulating, summarizing and displaying the data.

Manatee Community College has classified their students in different class levels on the basis of their attendance, which summarizes the number of students in each class level.

It organizes and summarizes the data.

Therefore, the statistics used is descriptive statistics.

(4)

Expert Solution

To determine

The population under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College (MCC).

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Population:

Population consists of people, objects, events and measurements. A population can be a common feature that can be grouped together.

Here, the study deals with the students in Manatee Community College.

Therefore, the population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College.

(5)

Expert Solution

To determine

Whether the sample was collected or not and from where it was collected.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The sample is data is collected from Manatee Community College.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Sample:

The information about the population is obtained from the sample. That is, a sample is considered to be a subset of the given population.

The study was conducted on students going to Manatee Community College. The students are taken as sample data. Hence, the sample was collected from Manatee Community College.

(6)

Expert Solution

To determine

To explain: The relationship between the variables.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The grades are higher when the attendance is higher.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Here, as the attendance increases, the grades obtained by the students also increases. Hence, if the attendance rate increases, then the grades are higher.

Answer 8

(1)

Expert Solution

To determine

The variables under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The variables under study are grades and attendance.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

A variable is a symbolic representation of a quantity which is likely to vary or change. It is generally a quantity or number that is measured.

The study conducted was based on attendance and grades. These parameters are likely to change and it measured for conducting the study. So, it grades and attendance is variable. The values of these variables changes with different set of data.

Therefore, the variables under study are grades and attendance.

Answer 9

(1)

Expert Solution

Answer 10

(1)

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

To determine

The variables under study.

Answer 13

Answer to Problem 1AC

The variables under study are grades and attendance.

Answer 14

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

A variable is a symbolic representation of a quantity which is likely to vary or change. It is generally a quantity or number that is measured.

The study conducted was based on attendance and grades. These parameters are likely to change and it measured for conducting the study. So, it grades and attendance is variable. The values of these variables changes with different set of data.

Therefore, the variables under study are grades and attendance.

Answer 15

(2)

Expert Solution

To determine

The data under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The data under study consists of specific grades and attendance numbers.

Explanation of Solution

The given information is that the study revealed the below results on the percentage of students who attended the class and grades received by the students.

Percentage of students attended the class	Grades
95 to 100%	A
80 to 90%	B or C
less than 80%	D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class

Justification:

Data refers to the collection of facts or figures from which inferences can be drawn. The data helps us to compare and analyze about the figures.

Grades are characterized to be specific for every student and attendance can be counted in numbers. In the given survey, based on the attendance of the students the grades received by the students are analyzed.

Therefore, the data under study are specific grades and attendance numbers.

Answer 16

(2)

Expert Solution

Answer 17

(2)

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

To determine

The data under study.

Answer 20

Answer to Problem 1AC

The data under study consists of specific grades and attendance numbers.

Answer 21

Explanation of Solution

The given information is that the study revealed the below results on the percentage of students who attended the class and grades received by the students.

Percentage of students attended the class	Grades
95 to 100%	A
80 to 90%	B or C
less than 80%	D or an F or eventually withdrew from the class

Justification:

Data refers to the collection of facts or figures from which inferences can be drawn. The data helps us to compare and analyze about the figures.

Grades are characterized to be specific for every student and attendance can be counted in numbers. In the given survey, based on the attendance of the students the grades received by the students are analyzed.

Therefore, the data under study are specific grades and attendance numbers.

Answer 22

(3)

Expert Solution

To determine

To find: Whether descriptive, inference or both type of statistics is used.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The statistics which is used is descriptive statistics.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Descriptive statistics:

Descriptive statistics deals with arranging, tabulating, summarizing and displaying the data.

Manatee Community College has classified their students in different class levels on the basis of their attendance, which summarizes the number of students in each class level.

It organizes and summarizes the data.

Therefore, the statistics used is descriptive statistics.

Answer 23

(3)

Expert Solution

Answer 24

(3)

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

To determine

To find: Whether descriptive, inference or both type of statistics is used.

Answer 27

Answer to Problem 1AC

The statistics which is used is descriptive statistics.

Answer 28

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Descriptive statistics:

Descriptive statistics deals with arranging, tabulating, summarizing and displaying the data.

Manatee Community College has classified their students in different class levels on the basis of their attendance, which summarizes the number of students in each class level.

It organizes and summarizes the data.

Therefore, the statistics used is descriptive statistics.

Answer 29

(4)

Expert Solution

To determine

The population under study.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College (MCC).

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Population:

Population consists of people, objects, events and measurements. A population can be a common feature that can be grouped together.

Here, the study deals with the students in Manatee Community College.

Therefore, the population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College.

Answer 30

(4)

Expert Solution

Answer 31

(4)

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

To determine

The population under study.

Answer 34

Answer to Problem 1AC

The population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College (MCC).

Answer 35

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Population:

Population consists of people, objects, events and measurements. A population can be a common feature that can be grouped together.

Here, the study deals with the students in Manatee Community College.

Therefore, the population under study is all the students of Manatee Community College.

Answer 36

(5)

Expert Solution

To determine

Whether the sample was collected or not and from where it was collected.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The sample is data is collected from Manatee Community College.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Sample:

The information about the population is obtained from the sample. That is, a sample is considered to be a subset of the given population.

The study was conducted on students going to Manatee Community College. The students are taken as sample data. Hence, the sample was collected from Manatee Community College.

Answer 37

(5)

Expert Solution

Answer 38

(5)

Expert Solution

Answer 39

Expert Solution

Answer 40

To determine

Whether the sample was collected or not and from where it was collected.

Answer 41

Answer to Problem 1AC

The sample is data is collected from Manatee Community College.

Answer 42

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Sample:

The information about the population is obtained from the sample. That is, a sample is considered to be a subset of the given population.

The study was conducted on students going to Manatee Community College. The students are taken as sample data. Hence, the sample was collected from Manatee Community College.

Answer 43

(6)

Expert Solution

To determine

To explain: The relationship between the variables.

Answer to Problem 1AC

The grades are higher when the attendance is higher.

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Here, as the attendance increases, the grades obtained by the students also increases. Hence, if the attendance rate increases, then the grades are higher.

Answer 44

(6)

Expert Solution

Answer 45

(6)

Expert Solution

Answer 46

Expert Solution

Answer 47

To determine

To explain: The relationship between the variables.

Answer 48

Answer to Problem 1AC

The grades are higher when the attendance is higher.

Answer 49

Explanation of Solution

Justification:

Here, as the attendance increases, the grades obtained by the students also increases. Hence, if the attendance rate increases, then the grades are higher.