Problem 1KSP: Which of the following would you expect to be more soluble in water than in benzene? (Select all... Problem 2KSP: 11.2
Which of the following would you expect to be more soluble in benzene than in water? (Select... Problem 3KSP Problem 4KSP Problem 1QP: Give an example for each type of intermolecular force: (a) dipole-dipole interaction, (b) ion-dipole... Problem 2QP: 11.2 Explain the term polarizability. What kind of molecules tend to have high polarizabilities?... Problem 3QP Problem 4QP Problem 5QP: 11.5 What physical properties are determined by the strength of intermolecular forces in solids and... Problem 6QP Problem 7QP: Describe the types of intermolecular forces that govern the folding of a protein molecule into its... Problem 8QP Problem 9QP Problem 10QP: The binary hydrogen compounds of the Group 4A elements and their boiling points are: CH 4 , -162°C;... Problem 11QP: 11.11 List the types of intermolecular forces that exist between molecules (or atoms or ions) in... Problem 12QP Problem 13QP Problem 14QP: Arrange the following in order of increasing boiling point: R b F , C O 2 , C H 3 O H , C H 3 B r .... Problem 15QP: Diethyl ether has a boiling point of 34 .5°C , and 1-butanol has a boiling point of 117°C : Both of... Problem 16QP: 11.16 Which member of each of the following pairs of substances would you expect to have a higher... Problem 17QP Problem 18QP: Explain in terms of intermolecular forces why (a) NH 3 has a higher boiling point than CH 4 and (b)... Problem 19QP: What kind of attractive forces must be overcome to (a) melt ice, (b) boil molecular bromine, (c)... Problem 20QP Problem 21QP Problem 22QP: Explain why liquids, unlike gases, are virtually incompressible. Problem 23QP: 11.23 What is surface tension? What is the relationship between intermolecular forces and surface... Problem 24QP Problem 25QP Problem 26QP: 11.26 A glass can be filled slightly above the rim with water. Explain why the water does not... Problem 27QP: 11.27 Draw diagrams showing the capillary action of (a) water and (b) mercury in three tubes of... Problem 28QP Problem 29QP: Why does the viscosity of a liquid decrease with increasing temperature? Problem 30QP: Why is ice less dense than water? Problem 31QP: 11.31 Outdoor water pipes have to be drained or insulated in winter in a cold climate. Why?
Problem 32QP Problem 33QP Problem 34QP Problem 35QP: Predict the viscosity of ethylene glycol relative to that of ethanol and glycerol (see Table 11.3). Problem 36QP: 11.36 Vapor pressure measurements at several different temperatures are shown for mercury. Determine... Problem 37QP: The vapor pressure of liquid X is lower than that of liquid Y at 20ºC, but higher at 60°C . What can... Problem 38QP: 11.38 Define the following terms: crystalline solid, lattice point, unit cell, coordination number,... Problem 39QP: Describe the geometries of the following cubic cells: simple cubic, body-centered cubic,... Problem 40QP: Classify the solid states in terms of crystal types of the elements in the third period of the... Problem 41QP: The melting points of the oxides of the third-period elements are given in parentheses: Na 2 O... Problem 42QP: Define X-ray diffraction. What are the typical wavelengths (in nm) of X rays? (See Figure 6.1.) Problem 43QP: 11.43 Write the Bragg equation. Define every term and describe how this equation can be used to... Problem 44QP: 11.44 What is the coordination number of each sphere in (a) a simple cubic cell, (b) a body-centered... Problem 45QP: Calculate the number of spheres that would be found within a simple cubic cell, body-centered cubic... Problem 46QP: Metallic iron crystallizes in a cubic lattice. The unit cell edge length is 287 pm. The density of... Problem 47QP: Barium metal crystallizes in a body-centered cubic lattice (the Ba atoms are at the lattice points... Problem 48QP: 11.48 Vanadium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic lattice (the V atoms occupy only the lattice... Problem 49QP: Europium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic lattice (the Eu atoms occupy only the lattice... Problem 50QP: 11.50 Crystalline silicon has a cubic structure. The unit cell edge length is 543 pm. The density of... Problem 51QP: 11.51 A face-centered cubic cell contains 8 X atoms at the comers of the cell and 6 Y atoms at the... Problem 52QP: When X rays of wavelength 0.090 nm are diffracted by a metallic crystal, the angle of first-order... Problem 53QP: The distance between layers in an NaCl crystal is 282 pm. X rays are diffracted from these layers at... Problem 54QP: Identify the unit cell of molecular iodine ( I 2 ) shown here. (Hint: Consider the position of... Problem 55QP: Shown here is a zinc oxide unit cell. What is the formula of zinc oxide? Problem 56QP Problem 57QP Problem 58QP: A solid is hard, brittle, and electrically nonconducting. Its melt (the liquid form of the... Problem 59QP: A solid is soft and has a low melting point (below 100°C ). The solid, its melt, and an aqueous... Problem 60QP Problem 61QP: 11.61 Which of the following are molecular solids and which are covalent solids
Problem 62QP: Classify the solid state of the following substances as ionic crystals, covalent crystals, molecular... Problem 63QP Problem 64QP Problem 65QP: Define glass. What is the chief component of glass? Name three types of glass. Problem 66QP: 11.66 What is a phase change? Name all possible changes that can occur among the vapor, liquid, and... Problem 67QP: What is the equilibrium vapor pressure of a liquid? How is it measured, and how does it change with... Problem 68QP: Use any one of the phase changes to explain what is meant by dynamic equilibrium. Problem 69QP: 11.69 Define the following terms: (a) molar heat of vaporization, (b) molar heat of fusion, (c)... Problem 70QP: How is the molar heat of sublimation related to the molar heats of vaporization and fusion? On what... Problem 71QP: What can we learn about the intermolecular forces in a liquid from the molar heat of vaporization? Problem 72QP: The greater the molar heat of vaporization of a liquid, the greater its vapor pressure. True or... Problem 73QP Problem 74QP: As a liquid is heated at constant pressure, its temperature rises. This trend continues until the... Problem 75QP: What is critical temperature? What is the significance of critical temperature in condensation of... Problem 76QP Problem 77QP: 11.77 How do the boiling points and melting points of water and carbon tetrachloride vary with... Problem 78QP Problem 79QP: The vapor pressure of a liquid in a closed container depends on which of the following: (a) the... Problem 80QP: Wet clothes dry more quickly on a hot, dry day than on a hot, humid day. Explain. Problem 81QP: Which of the following phase transitions gives off more heat: (a) 1 mole of steam to 1 mole of water... Problem 82QP: 11.82 A beaker of water is heated to boiling by a Bunsen burner. Would adding another burner raise... Problem 83QP Problem 84QP: Calculate the amount of heat (in kJ) required to convert 150.2 g of water to steam at 100°C . Problem 85QP Problem 86QP: The molar heats of fusion and sublimation of molecular iodine are 15 .27 and 62 .30 kJ/mol ,... Problem 87QP: How is the rate of evaporation of a liquid affected by (a) temperature, (b) the surface area of a... Problem 88QP: 11.88 The following compounds, listed with their boiling points, are liquid at butane, ethanol, ... Problem 89QP Problem 90QP: A student hangs wet clothes outdoors on a winter day when the temperature is –15°C . After a few... Problem 91QP: Explain why steam at 100°C causes more serious burns than water at 100°C . Problem 92QP: What is a phase diagram? What useful information can be obtained from studying a phase diagram? Problem 93QP: 11.93 Explain how water’s phase diagram differs from those of most substances. What property of... Problem 94QP: The blades of ice skates are quite thin, so the pressure exerted on ice by a skater can be... Problem 95QP: 11.95 A length of wire is placed on top of a block of ice. The ends of the wire extend over the... Problem 96QP Problem 97QP Problem 98AP: 11.98 Name the kinds of attractive forces that must be overcome to (a) boil liquid ammonia, (b) melt... Problem 99AP Problem 100AP: At –35°C , liquid HI has a higher vapor pressure than liquid HF. Explain. Problem 101AP Problem 102AP Problem 103AP Problem 104AP Problem 105AP Problem 106AP: A CO 2 fire extinguisher is located on the outside of a building in Massachusetts. During the winter... Problem 107AP Problem 108AP: A flask of water is connected to a powerful vacuum pump. When the pump is turned on. the water... Problem 109AP Problem 110AP: The interionic distances of several alkali halide crystals are as follows: Crystal NaCl NaBr Nal KCl... Problem 111AP: Which has a greater density, crystalline Si O 2 or amorphous Si O 2 ? Why? Problem 112AP: A student is given four solid samples labeled W, X, Y, and Z. All have a metallic luster. She is... Problem 113AP Problem 114AP Problem 115AP: X rays of wavelength 0.154 nm strike an aluminum crystal; the rays are reflected at an angle of 19... Problem 116AP: 11.116 The properties of gases, liquids, and solids differ in a number of respects. How would you... Problem 117AP Problem 118AP Problem 119AP Problem 120AP Problem 121AP Problem 122AP: 11.122 The distance between and is 257 pm in solid and 203 pm in an Lid unit in the gas phase.... Problem 123AP Problem 124AP Problem 125AP: 11.125 Calculate the for the following processes at: (a) Comment on the relative magnitudes of... Problem 126AP: 11.126 Which liquid would you expect to have a greater viscosity, water or diethyl ether? The... Problem 127AP: 11.127 A beaker of water is placed in a closed container. Predict the effect on the vapor pressure... Problem 128AP Problem 129AP Problem 130AP: Carbon and silicon belong to Group 4A of the periodic table and have the same valence electron... Problem 131AP Problem 132AP Problem 133AP Problem 134AP Problem 135AP Problem 136AP Problem 137AP Problem 138AP Problem 139AP Problem 140AP: 11.140 Sketch the cooling curves of water from about to about . How would you also show the... Problem 141AP Problem 142AP Problem 143AP: A closed vessel of volume 9.6 L contains 2.0 g of water. Calculate the temperature ( in ºC ) at... Problem 144AP: 11.144 The electrical conductance of copper metal decreases with increasing temperature, but that of... Problem 145AP: 11.145 Assuming ideal behavior, calculate the density of gaseous HF at its normal boiling point The... Problem 146AP: Explain why drivers are advised to use motor oil with lower viscosity in the winter and higher... Problem 147AP: Which of the following compounds is most likely to exist as a liquid at room temperature: ethane (C... Problem 148AP: 11.148 A chemistry instructor performed the following mystery demonstration. Just before the... Problem 149AP Problem 150AP Problem 151AP: The phase diagram of helium is shown. Helium is the only known substance that has two different... Problem 152AP: 11.152 The phase diagram of sulfur is shown. (a) How many triple points are there? (b) Which is the... Problem 153AP Problem 154AP Problem 155AP Problem 156AP Problem 157AP Problem 158AP Problem 159AP: 11.159 Why do citrus growers spray their trees with water to protect them from freezing in very cold... Problem 2SEPP Problem 3SEPP: 3. Each cubic unit cell (edge length a = 543 pm) contains eight Si atoms. If there are boron atoms... format_list_bulleted