Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781305115347
Author: Roxy Peck; Chris Olsen; Jay L. Devore
Publisher: Brooks Cole
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Chapter 10.1, Problem 5E
To determine
Check whether the author could not conclude that the MMR vaccine does not cause autism.
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In an observational study it was found that people who had received the flu shot this year had better blood pressure readings, on average, than people who did not. Can it be claimed that the flu shot is the cause of the lower overall blood pressure? Why or why not?
Mammography and clinical breast examination are the two major techniques used to screen
for breast cancer. However, as true for any screening test, they are not completely accurate.
If it is determined, based on mammographic findings, that there is a possibility of breast
cancer, this is usually confirmed or disconfirmed by a subsequent biopsy. A false positive test
is a mammogram positive test that is disconfirmed by biopsy. The data in Table 1 were
reported in a paper concerning breast cancer screening (Elmore, et al, New England Journal
of Medicine 1998; 338(16): 1089-1096).
Table 1 False positive breast cancer screening tests over a 10-year period
# Screening tests
# False positive tests
9762
631
1. Another aspect of mammographic screening is the presence of false negatives. A false negative
is a screen negative woman who has breast cancer.
False negatives usually occur because the tumors are small and hard to detect. It is estimated
that among women with breast cancer, 2% of all…
Mammography and clinical breast examination are the two major techniques used to screen
for breast cancer. However, as true for any screening test, they are not completely accurate.
If it is determined, based on mammographic findings, that there is a possibility of breast
cancer, this is usually confirmed or disconfirmed by a subsequent biopsy. A false positive test
is a mammogram positive test that is disconfirmed by biopsy. The data in Table 1 were
reported in a paper concerning breast cancer screening (Elmore, et al, New England Journal
of Medicine 1998; 338(16): 1089-1096).
Table 1 False positive breast cancer screening tests over a 10-year period
# Screening tests
# False positive tests
9762
631
1. Suppose that 5% of all mammograms are obtained from women who truly have breast cancer.
What is the proportion of mammograms that will yield test positive results?
Hint: Subdivide the probability of a test positive mammogram into two mutually exclusive
components of {test positive…
Chapter 10 Solutions
Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis
Ch. 10.1 - Explain why the statement x=50 is not a legitimate...Ch. 10.1 - For the following pairs, indicate which do not...Ch. 10.1 - To determine whether the pipe welds in a nuclear...Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 6ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 7ECh. 10.1 - A researcher speculates that because of...Ch. 10.1 - A county commissioner must vote on a resolution...Ch. 10.1 - A cruise ship charges passengers 3 for a can of...
Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 10.2 - Medical personnel are required to report suspected...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 10.2 - A television manufacturer claims that (at least)...Ch. 10.2 - A manufacturer of hand-held calculators receives...Ch. 10.2 - Water specimens are taken from water used for...Ch. 10.2 - Suppose that for a particular hypothesis test, the...Ch. 10.2 - Suppose that you arc an inspector for the Fish and...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 10.2 - An automobile manufacturer is considering using...Ch. 10.3 - Use the definition of the P-value to explain the...Ch. 10.3 - For which of the following P-values will the null...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 10.3 - Let p denote the proportion of students at a...Ch. 10.3 - Assuming a random sample from a large population,...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 10.3 - In a survey of 1000 women age 22 to 35 who work...Ch. 10.3 - The paper Debt Literacy, Financial Experiences and...Ch. 10.3 - "Most Like it Hot" is the title of a press release...Ch. 10.3 - In a survey of 1005 adult Americans, 46% indicated...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 33ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 35ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 37ECh. 10.3 - The article Cops Get Screened for Digital Dirt...Ch. 10.3 - Refer back to the previous exercise. The actual...Ch. 10.3 - The report 2007 Electronic Monitoring ...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 41ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 10.4 - Give as much information as you can about the...Ch. 10.4 - Paint used to paint lines on roads must reflect...Ch. 10.4 - A certain pen has been designed so that actual...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 46ECh. 10.4 - The paper Playing Active Video Games Increases...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 48ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 49ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 50ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 51ECh. 10.4 - Medical research has shown that repeated wrist...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 53ECh. 10.4 - A comprehensive study conducted by the National...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 55ECh. 10.4 - The paper titled Music for Pain Relief (The...Ch. 10.4 - Many consumers pay careful attention to stated...Ch. 10.4 - Much concern has been expressed regarding the...Ch. 10.5 - The power of a test is influenced by the sample...Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 60ECh. 10.5 - Let denote the mean lifetime (in hours) for a...Ch. 10.5 - The city council in a large city has become...Ch. 10.5 - The amount of shaft wear after a fixed mileage was...Ch. 10.5 - Optical fibers are used in telecommunications to...Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 65ECh. 10.6 - In 2006, Boston Scientific sought approval for a...Ch. 10.6 - The article Boy or Girl: Which Gender Baby Would...Ch. 10 - Prob. 68CRCh. 10 - In a national survey of 2013 adults, 1590...Ch. 10 - Students at the Akademia Podlaka conducted an...Ch. 10 - Prob. 71CRCh. 10 - Prob. 72CRCh. 10 - A number of initiatives on the topic of legalized...Ch. 10 - Prob. 74CRCh. 10 - Prob. 75CRCh. 10 - Prob. 76CRCh. 10 - Prob. 77CRCh. 10 - Duck hunting in populated areas faces opposition...Ch. 10 - Past experience has indicated that the response...Ch. 10 - An automobile manufacturer who wishes to advertise...Ch. 10 - A student organization uses the proceeds from a...Ch. 10 - A hot tub manufacturer advertises that with its...Ch. 10 - Prob. 1CRECh. 10 - Prob. 2CRECh. 10 - Prob. 3CRECh. 10 - Prob. 4CRECh. 10 - Prob. 5CRECh. 10 - The article Should Canada Allow Direct-to-Consumer...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7CRECh. 10 - It probably wouldnt surprise you to know that...Ch. 10 - The article Doctors Cite Burnout in Mistakes (San...Ch. 10 - The National Geographic Society conducted a study...Ch. 10 - Heinz Plays Catch-up After Under-Filling Ketchup...Ch. 10 - In a survey conducted by Yahoo Small Business,...Ch. 10 - In an AP-AOL sports poll (Associated Press,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 14CRECh. 10 - A survey of teenagers and parents in Canada...Ch. 10 - The same survey referenced in the previous...
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- What is an experiment?arrow_forwardMammography and clinical breast examination are the two major techniques used to screen for breast cancer. However, as true for any screening test, they are not completely accurate. If it is determined, based on mammographic findings, that there is a possibility of breast cancer, this is usually confirmed or disconfirmed by a subsequent biopsy. A false positive test is a mammogram positive test that is disconfirmed by biopsy. The data in Table 1 were reported in a paper concerning breast cancer screening (Elmore, et al, New England Journal of Medicine 1998; 338(16): 1089-1096). Table 1 False positive breast cancer screening tests over a 10-year period # Screening tests # False positive tests 9762 631 1. Suppose 10 women are given mammograms. What is the probability that at least 1 woman will have a false positive test?arrow_forwardPlease help me with all parts of this question. And explainarrow_forward
- What benefit does conducting an experiment to prove that free coffee causes more frequent shoe purchases have beyond determining cause and effect? An experiment allows the researcher to include as many variables as possible in the experiment . An experiment allows the researcher to cross -check that their observations are correct . This type of study allows a researcher to employ a case study research design . An experiment allows the researcher to eliminate the effects of confounding variablesarrow_forwardBased on these tables, would you accept or reject the hypothesis that individuals in bad neighborhoods commit more crime?arrow_forwardA new drug to treat psoriasis has been developed and is in clinical testing. Assume that those individuals given the drug are examined before receiving the treatment and then again after receiving the treatment to determine if there was a change in their symptom status. If the initial results showed that 2.0% of individuals entered the study in remission, 77.0% of individuals entered the study with mild symptoms, 16.0% of individuals entered the study with moderate symptoms, and 5.0% entered the study with severe symptoms calculate and interpret a chi-squared test to determine if the drug was effective treating psoriasis given the information below from the final examination. Remission (No Symptoms of Psoriasis) Mild Symptoms of Psoriasis Moderate Symptoms of Psoriasis Severe Symptoms of Psoriasis Total Number of Participants to Receive the Drug Number of Participants 380 520 95 5 1000 A) We reject H0 because 310.075 is greater than 5.99. We have…arrow_forward
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