Chapter 10.1, Problem 3MI

Summary Introduction

To fill:

The correct words in the blanks to complete the given paragraph

Introduction:

Reproductive cells which pass on genetic traits from the parent to child are produced by the process of meiosis. In order to maintain the same number of chromosomes in each generation, an organism produces gametes.

Answer to Problem 3MI

S.No.	Term
1	Gene
2	Diploid
3	Gamete
4	Haploid
5	Homologous chromosomes

Explanation of Solution

Chromosomes are the structures that contain the genetic material, DNA that is passed from generation to generation of cells. A part of DNA that carries instructions to make proteins is called genes. Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same length, centromere position, pairs together during meiosis and have the same gene sequence.

Gametes are sex cells and have half the number of chromosomes. They are called haploid cells. They contain only one copy of each chromosome. When one haploid gamete fuses with another haploid gamete, the process is called fertilization. A cell with n number of chromosomes is called a haploid cell. The result of fertilization is a diploid cell with 2n number of chromosomes; n chromosomes from male parent plus n chromosomes from female parent.