ACTIVE-LEARNING WRKBK FOR HUM ANAT & PHY
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780135643303
Author: AMERMAN
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 6CYR
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
a. The resting membrane potential refers to the voltage difference across the membranes of excitable cells at rest.
b. The concentration of Na+ is highest in the cytosol, and the concentration of K+ is highest in the extracellular fluid.
c. The Na+/K+ pumps and gated channels maintain the Na+ and K+ gradients necessary for action potentials to occur.
d. A depolarization is a change in membrane potential that makes the potential less negative.
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a. The membrane potential will become more negative
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d. The membrane will become more excitable
e. The Na*-K* pump will become inactivated
Which of the following statements about the Na * and K+ gradients in neurons is NOT true?
a. In a resting neuron the concentration gradient for sodium is outward.
b. In a resting neuron the electrical gradient for potassium is inward.
c. In a resting neuron the electrical gradient for sodium is inward.
Od In a resting neuron the concentration gradient for potassium is outward.
Draw and discuss an AP (action potential). Below this graph draw and discuss the conductance of the important ions moving across this membrane that makes the action potential work.
a. Cardiac fiber (non automatic cells)
b. SA (self excitable cells)
Chapter 10 Solutions
ACTIVE-LEARNING WRKBK FOR HUM ANAT & PHY
Ch. 10.1 - What are the two types of striated muscle?Ch. 10.1 - Which two types of muscle are involuntary?Ch. 10.1 - What is the basic function of all types of muscle...Ch. 10.1 - 4. What five properties are common to all muscle...Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 5QCCh. 10.2 - Prob. 1QCCh. 10.2 - How are the terminal cisternae related to the...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 3QCCh. 10.2 - How does the arrangement of myofilaments produce...Ch. 10.2 - 5. Describe the structure of a sarcomere. What is...
Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 6QCCh. 10.2 - Describe the structures of thin filaments, thick...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 8QCCh. 10.3 - What is the resting membrane potential?Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 2QCCh. 10.3 - 3. How do the electrochemical gradients for...Ch. 10.3 - What two factors generate the resting membrane...Ch. 10.3 - What is an action potential?Ch. 10.3 - What happens during the two phases of an action...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 1QCCh. 10.4 - Prob. 2QCCh. 10.4 - 3. How does excitation from a neuron trigger...Ch. 10.4 - How are excitation and contraction coupled?Ch. 10.4 - What are the steps of the crossbridge cycle?Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 6QCCh. 10.5 - What are the two immediate energy sources for...Ch. 10.5 - How long can these immediate energy sources fuel...Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 3QCCh. 10.5 - Prob. 4QCCh. 10.5 - Prob. 5QCCh. 10.5 - Prob. 6QCCh. 10.5 - Prob. 7QCCh. 10.6 - What is a twitch contraction?Ch. 10.6 - What are the phases of a twitch contraction?Ch. 10.6 - How does the timing of a stimulus impact the...Ch. 10.6 - 4. How do fused and unfused tetanus differ?
Ch. 10.6 - 5. At what length will a sarcomere be able to...Ch. 10.6 - How do type I and type II muscle fibers differ?Ch. 10.7 - Prob. 1QCCh. 10.7 - 2. Explain the process of recruitment.
Ch. 10.7 - Prob. 3QCCh. 10.7 - 4. How do isotonic concentric, isotonic...Ch. 10.8 - Prob. 1QCCh. 10.8 - Prob. 2QCCh. 10.8 - Prob. 3QCCh. 10.8 - What conditions does excess postexercise oxygen...Ch. 10 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 10 - How does a skeletal muscle fiber differ...Ch. 10 - Thick filaments are composed of the protein a....Ch. 10 - Prob. 4CYRCh. 10 - Prob. 5CYRCh. 10 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7CYRCh. 10 - 8. Order the following events of excitation and...Ch. 10 - 9. Which of the following statements accurately...Ch. 10 - 10. A muscle fiber relaxes when:
a. the...Ch. 10 - Which of the following energy sources would...Ch. 10 - 12. Mark the following statements as true or...Ch. 10 - Prob. 13CYRCh. 10 - 14. Muscle tone is:
a. the result of voluntary...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15CYRCh. 10 - Which of the following is not likely to result...Ch. 10 - Which of the following factors is/are responsible...Ch. 10 - 18. What is thought to cause excess postexercise...Ch. 10 - Prob. 19CYRCh. 10 - 20. Which of the following best describes...Ch. 10 - Mark the following statements as true for smooth...Ch. 10 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 10 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 10 - 3. The drug neostigmine blocks the activity of...Ch. 10 - Explain why cardiac muscle cells and some smooth...Ch. 10 - Prob. 1AYKACh. 10 - Prob. 2AYKACh. 10 - Prob. 3AYKACh. 10 - Prob. 4AYKACh. 10 - Prob. 5AYKBCh. 10 - Prob. 6AYKB
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The resting membrane potential results fromA. uneven distribution of ions across the cell membrane only.B. differences in membrane permeability to Na+ and K+ onlyC. activity of the sodium/potassium pump only.D. uneven distribution of ions across the cell membrane, differences in membrane permeability to Na+ and K+, and sodium/potassium pump activityarrow_forwardThe figure below may help in answering some of the questions. 1. What ions are flowing (and in which direction) both during the rising phase and the falling phase of the action potential? 2. What are the values of both the 'y' (vertical) axis and the 'x' (horizontal) axis. 3. If extracellular levels of K+ rose (a condition called hyperkalemia), how would that affect the resting membrane potential? 3arrow_forwardSevere burns, particularly third-degree burns that damage a significant portion of the body surface, can result in the release of sodium from damaged cells into the bloodstream leading to hypernatremia. Note: Words with the suffix '-emia' generally indicate a presence of a substance or condition in the blood. Question: Based on this information, which of the following statement/s is/are true? ☐ Hypernatremia would lead to a greater Na* influx through voltage-gated Na* channels. This increased Na* influx would cause the cell to reach threshold faster and increase cell excitability. ☐ Hypernatremia can result in more negative resting membrane potential due to the reduced efflux of Na+ ions. Consequently, this may lead to a decrease in the rate of action potential generation in excitable cells. Hypernatremia can result in a more positive resting membrane potential due to the increased influx of K+ ions. Consequently, this may lead to a decrease in the rate of action potential generation…arrow_forward
- At rest, a neuron has a lower concentration of sodium than the surrounding fluid. The neuron also has a higher concentration of potassium inside the cell. The sodium-potassium ion pump is used to maintain the neuron in the resting state. Which of the following statements is true? A. Remaining at rest requires the use of ATP. B. Remaining at rest requires an input of sodium. C. Remaining at rest requires the activation of cotransporters. D Remaining at rest requires decreased permeability of the membrane.arrow_forwardfactors responsible for a negative resting membrane potential include: check all that apply: a. Na K pump b. different carrier proteins c. uneven distribution of ions d. difference in permeability of ions e. high potassium concentration in ECFarrow_forwardExplain both question with proper explanation with step by step answer.arrow_forward
- Match the description with the statement that best describes the following statements hyperpolarization repolarization depolarization A. usually corresponds to opening of voltage-gated potassium channels B. any change in the membrane potential that moves the membrane potential to a value more positive than the resting potential (eg from -70mV to +35mV) C. any change in the membrane potential that moves the membrane potential to a value more negative than the resting potential (eg from -70mV to -85mV)arrow_forwardIn the triad, which of the following structure directly regulates Ca2+ release to the cytoplasm? a. Voltage sensor proteins in T tubule b. Voltage sensor proteins in SR c. SR foot proteins in T tubule d. SR foot proteins in SR e. a and darrow_forwardDescribe the events that must occur to generate an AP. Relate the sequence of changes in permeability to changes in the ion channels, and explain why the AP is an all-or-none phenomenon.arrow_forward
- Which of the following situations increases the number of action potentials to the supraoptic region of the hypothalamus? Select one: a. Decreased renin production b. Increased plasma osmolality c. Increased blood velocity d. Decreased aldosterone secretion e. Decreased plasma osmolalityarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is false regarding the directions that forces of the eletrochemical gradient are pointing for each ion. Assume the membrane of the neuron is at rest. A. For chloride ions the electrostatic and diffusion forces are pointing in opposite directions. B For sodium ions the eletrostatic and diffusion forces are pointing in the same direction. C. For potassium ions the eletrostatic and diffusion forces are pointing in opposite directions. D. All options choices are TRUE regarding the forces of the electrochemical gradient on each ion. E. For calcium ions the electrostatic and diffusion forces are pointing in opposite directions.arrow_forwardFill in the diagram, your illustration should demonstrate for each phase of the AP: 1. The relative concentration of K and Na 2. The relative voltage across the membrane 3. Any movement across the membrane of K and NA 4. The three kinds of channels in the membrane, and their state (open or closed) 5. Finally, indicate on the graph of the AP which phases correspond to hyper- polarization and which phases correspond to de- polarization Outside Outside Inside Inside Outside Inside Outside 1 Outside Inside Insidearrow_forward
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