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Concept explainers
Interpretation: From the given set of conditions the best condition that the given
Concept introduction:
Ideal gas Equation:
Any gas is described by using four terms namely pressure, volume, temperature and the amount of gas. Thus combining three laws namely Boyle’s, Charles’s Law and Avogadro’s Hypothesis the following equation could be obtained. It is referred as ideal gas equation.
Under some conditions gases don not behave like ideal gas that is they deviate from their ideal gas properties. At lower temperature and at high pressures the gas tends to deviate and behave like real gases.
Boyle’s Law:
At given constant temperature conditions the mass of given ideal gas in inversely proportional to its volume.
Charles’s Law:
At given constant pressure conditions the volume of ideal gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.
Avogadro’s Hypothesis:
Two equal volumes of gases with same temperature and pressure conditions tend to have same number of molecules with it.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- A typical barometric pressure in Redding. California, is about 750 mm Hg. Calculate this pressure in atm and kPa.arrow_forward5-114 Carbon dioxide gas, saturated with water vapor, can be produced by the addition of aqueous acid to calcium carbonate based on the following balanced net ionic equation: (a) How many moles of wet CO (g), collected at 60.°C and 774 torr total pressure, are produced by the complete reaction of 10.0 g of CaCO3 with excess acid? (b) What volume does this wet CO2 occupy? (c) What volume would the CO2 occupy at 774 torr if a desiccant (a chemical drying agent) were added to remove the water? The vapor pressure of water at 60.°C is 149.4 mm Hg.arrow_forwardYou have two pressure-proof steel cylinders of equal volume, one containing 1.0 kg of CO and the other containing 1.0 kg of acetylene, C2H2. (a) In which cylinder is the pressure greater at 25 C? (b) Which cylinder contains the greater number of molecules?arrow_forward
- 5-111 Diving, particularly SCUBA (Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus) diving, subjects the body to increased pressure. Each 10. m (approximately 33 ft) of water exerts an additional pressure of 1 atm on the body. (a) What is the pressure on the body at a depth of 100. ft? (b) The partial pressure of nitrogen gas in air at 1 atm is 593 mm Hg. Assuming a SCUBA diver breathes compressed air, what is the partial pressure of nitrogen entering the lungs from a breathing tank at a depth of 100. ft? (c) The partial pressure of oxygen gas in the air at 2 atm is 158 mm Hg. What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the air in the lungs at a depth of 100. ft? (d) Why is it absolutely essential to exhale vigorously in a rapid ascent from a depth of 100. ft?arrow_forward5-107 If 60.0 g of NH3 occupies 35.1 L under a pressure of 77.2 in. Hg, what is the temperature of the gas, in °C?arrow_forward5-33 A certain quantity of helium gas is at a temperature of 27 °C and a pressure of 1.00 atm. What will the new temperature be if its volume is doubled at the same time that its pressure is decreased to one-half its original value?arrow_forward
- 5-25 A gas in a bulb as in Figure 5-3 registers a pressure of 833 mm Hg in the manometer in which the reference arm of the U-shaped tube (A) is sealed and evacuated. What will the difference in the mercury levels be if the reference arm of the U-shaped tube is open to atmospheric pressure (760 mm Hg)?arrow_forwardAssume that an exhaled breath of air consists of74.8% N2, 15.3% O2, 3.7% CO2, and 6.2% water vapor.(a) If the total pressure of the gases is 0.985 atm, calculatethe partial pressure of each component of the mixture.(b) If the volume of the exhaled gas is 455 mL andits temperature is 37 °C, calculate the number of moles ofCO2 exhaled. (c) How many grams of glucose 1C6H12O62would need to be metabolized to produce this quantity ofCO2? (The chemical reaction is the same as that for combustionof C6H12O6. See Section 3.2 and Problem 10.57.)arrow_forwardThe partial pressure of oxygen in a mixture of oxygen andhydrogen is 0.200 atm, and that of hydrogen is 0.800 atm.(a) How many molecules of oxygen are in a 1.500-L container of this mixture at 40°C?(b) If a spark is introduced into the container, how many grams of water will be produced?arrow_forward
- If 56.2 grams of carbonic acid are sealed in a 2.00 L soda bottle at room temperature (298 K) and decompose completely via the equation below, what would be the final pressure of carbon dioxide (in atm) assuming it had the full 2.00 L in which to expand? H,CO;(aq) → H,0(() + CO2(g)arrow_forwardYou have two flasks of equal volume. Flask A contains H2 at 0 °C and 1 atm pressure. Flask B contains CO2 gas at 25 °C and 2 atm pressure. Compare these two gases with respect to each of the following: (a) average kinetic energy per molecule (b) root mean square speed (c) number of molecules (d) mass of gasarrow_forwardA gas mixture that has the following composition in percent by volume: 9.2% CO2, 22.0% CO, 17.5% H2, 3.3% CH4 and 48.0% N2. (a) What is the density of this gas at 22 o C and 755 mmHg, in grams per liter? (b) What is the partial pressure of CO2 in this mixture at 0.00 o C and 1 atm? (c) What volume of air is required for the complete combustion of this mixture of gas? (Air contains 20.9% O2 by volume)arrow_forward
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- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
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