The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134874364
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 51EAP
Magic Mercury. Suppose we could magically give Mercury the same atmosphere as Earth. Assuming this magical intervention happened only once, would Mercury be able to keep its new atmosphere? Explain.
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Activity #1. Compare and Contrast. Similarities and differences of Venus, Earth and Mars.
Do this on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Compare and contrast the three (3) terrestrial planets using table 1.
2. Provide explanations for your observations using table 2.
3. Answer the following guide questions.
Guide questions:
1. Does planet size affect gravity?
2. Why do you think Venus has the highest mean temperature among the three planets?
3. Is presence of water a primary factor for a planet to sustain life? Why or why not?
4. Based on your observations using table 2, what are the notable features that makes the
earth the only habitable planet among the three terrestrial planets?
5. What conclusions can you make?
The principle cause of our intense interest in Mars in the decades before the dawn of the space age was that
Answers:
A.
a few astronomers believed that they saw evidence of an intelligent civilization on Mars.
B.
Mars has seasons just like the Earth and therefore should be inhabitable by humans.
C.
Mars has an unusual surface color and global dust storms, creating strange weather patterns.
D.
Mars has unusual orbital properties making our understanding of its motion around the Sun very difficult.
Which of the following is NOT best explained by Venus's extreme greenhouse effect?
a.
its extremely high surface temperature
b.
its extremely uniform surface temperature
c.
its extremely low surface wind speeds
d.
its lack of magnetism
Chapter 10 Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
Ch. 10 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 10 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 10 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 10 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 10 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 10 -
Briefly describe the basic atmospheric...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 3EAPCh. 10 - What is the greenhouse effect? Describe how it...Ch. 10 - What factors determine a world’s “no greenhouse”...
Ch. 10 - Describe Earth’s basic atmospheric structure, from...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7EAPCh. 10 - Why does convection occur in the troposphere,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 9EAPCh. 10 - What is a magnetosphere? Describe its role in...Ch. 10 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 12EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 17EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 18EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 10 - Describe four ways in which Earth’s atmosphere is...Ch. 10 - What is the carbon dioxide cycle, and why is it so...Ch. 10 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 25EAPCh. 10 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. 10 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 10 - Atmospheric Structure. Study Earth’s average...Ch. 10 - Magic Mercury. Suppose we could magically give...Ch. 10 - A Swiftly Rotating Venus. Suppose Venus rotated as...Ch. 10 - Prob. 53EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 10 - Two Paths Diverged. Briefly explain how the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 56EAPCh. 10 - Feedback Processes in the Atmosphere. As the Sun...Ch. 10 - Prob. 58EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 59EAPCh. 10 - Prob. 60EAPCh. 10 - The Mass of an Atmosphere. What is the total mass...Ch. 10 - The Role of Reflectivity. By assuming 0% and 100%...Ch. 10 - The Cooling Clouds of Venus. Table 10.2 shows that...Ch. 10 - Mars’s Elliptical Orbit. Mars’s distance from the...Ch. 10 - Escape from Venus. Calculate the escape velocity...
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- What is a dust devil? Would you expect to feel more of a breeze from a dust devil on Mars or on Earth? Explain.arrow_forwardDescribe the current atmosphere on Mars. What evidence suggests that it must have been different in the past?arrow_forwardWhy does Mercury have lobate scarps but Earth, Venus, and Mars do not’arrow_forward
- Why are the atmospheres of Venus and Mars mostly carbon dioxide? Why is the atmosphere of Venus very dense but the atmosphere of Mars is very thin?arrow_forwardCO2 and planetary warming: understanding Earth’s complicated atmosphere Mars has an atmospheric pressure of 6 mbar (compared with Earth atmosphere pressure of 1013 mbar), 96% of which is CO2. The average calculated temperature of Mars is -57°C, whereas the actual average temperature is -55°C so that the amount of warming due to CO2 is only 2°C. On the other hand, the average calculated temperature of Earth, with 0.4 mbar of CO2, is -19°C, whereas the actual average temperature is 15°C so that the amount of warming due to CO2 is 34°C, much greater than that on Mars, which has higher CO2 concentration. Explain how this is possible.arrow_forwardIf we moved Venus out to 1 AU from the Sun (same as Earth), Venus would probably a. become more like Earth, with oceans and a temperate climate b. remain hot, dry, and dead because it's permanently lost its oceans c. become more like Mars, losing most of its atmosphere and freezing d. become much less geologically active due to decreased solar heatingarrow_forward
- The Soviet Venera landers found rocks on Venus that were over 4 billion years old. True False 2. Venus is very bright and reflective because of its a. high surface temperatures b. large number of active volcanoes c. thick cover of sulfuric-acid clouds d. planet-wide oceansarrow_forwardActivity 2. Quest for Escape planet. Study and analyze the illustrations and determine whether the statements below are true or false. The speedometer readings in every spacecraft show the escape velocities of each Mercury nspater 10 4 turn Venus 11 2 Ur arus farth Neptune Mars rwan TRUE or FALSE 1. A spacecraft must attain a speed of 11.2 km/s to leave the Earth's surface. 2. It is easier to leave the surface of Jupiter than Earth. 3. Escape velocity is affected by the planet's mass. 4. Mars has smaller escape velocity than Venus and Earth because it is farther from the sun. 5. The escape velocity of a planet is not affected by the sun's warping of space- time.arrow_forwardWhich planet has impact craters just scattered randomly over its entire surface? a. Mercury b. Venus c. Earth d. Mars 2. We hope to find evidence of past life on Venus by discovering fossils there someday. True Falsearrow_forward
- 20. DETAILS PREVIOUS ANSWERS SEEDSFOUNDATIONS14 21.P.007. MY NOTES PRACTICE ANOTHER If the Magellan spacecraft transmitted radio signals down through the clouds on Venus and heard an echo from a certain spot 0.000115 second before the main echo, how high is the spot above the average surface of Venus in m and km units? (Note: The speed of light is 3.00 x 10 m/s.) in m x m in km X km Enter a number. Need Help? Read It Submit Answerarrow_forwardThe close encounter hypothesis was rejected because of the following reasons except for this reason. b. It explained the planets were formed by gravitational disruption c. It failed to explain the orbital motions of planets d. It failed to explain why the solar system have 2 types of planets: terrestrial and jovianarrow_forwardThis is a preliminary version of the Mars Project - to think about the time it takes to complete a Mars mission. Consider the following simplified Earth to Mars transfer: • Departs Earth • Enter Mars orbit • Orbit Mars orbit for some time • Exit Mars orbit to return • Enter Earth orbit a. What is the flight time, in days, from Earth to Mars? What is the return flight time? [Answer: 258.83 days] b. Where does Mars need to be (outbound) to reach it at the end of the Hohmann transfer (tip: 180° "later"). [Answer: 44.329°] c. To return to Earth with a Hohmann transfer, the opposite will need to be true: Earth must be at a specific angle at the time of departure from Mars for the spacecraft to reach Earth's orbit when Earth is there. What is that angle? [Answer: -75.097°] d. When is the first opportunity to return to Earth for that optimal Hohmann transfer? [Answer: 454.70 days] e. What is the total round trip time to Mars for this ideal Hohmann transfer?arrow_forward
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