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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of methanol should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 43P
In methanol, most polar bond is O-H bond with electronegativity difference of 1.4 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In methanol, most polar bond is O-H with electronegativity difference of 1.4 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
C-O bond have 1.0 electronegativity but it is less polar when compare to O-H bond.
(b)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of methylamine should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 43P
In methylamine, most polar bond is N-H bond with electronegativity difference of 0.9 and nitrogen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In methylamine, most polar bond is N-H with electronegativity difference of 0.9 and nitrogen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
C-H bond is nonpolar because of electronegativity of 0.4 only.
(c)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of 2-aminoethathiol should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 43P
In 2-aminoethathiol, most polar bond is N-Hbond with electronegativity difference of 0.9 and nitrogen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In 2-aminoethanethiol, most polar bond is N-H with electronegativity difference of 0.9 and nitrogen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
The bonds S-H, C-C and C-H have electronegativity difference are 0.4, 0, and 0.4 respectively.
(d)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of acetone should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 43P
In acetone, most polar bond is C=O with electronegativity difference of 1.0 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas carbon becomes partial positive charge atom.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In acetone, most polar bond is C=O with electronegativity difference of 1.0 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas carbon becomes partial positive charge atom.
Other bonds present in acetone are C-H and C-C with electronegativity of 0.4 and 0 respectively.
(e)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of formaldehyde should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 43P
In formaldehyde, most polar bond is C=O with electronegativity difference of 1.0 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas carbon becomes partial positive charge.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In formaldehyde, most polar bond is C=O with electronegativity difference of 1.0 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas carbon becomes partial positive charge atom.
The bond C-H has electronegativity difference of 0.4 and it is a nonpolar bond.
(f)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of acetic acid should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 43P
In acetic acid, most polar bond is O-H with electronegativity difference of 1.4 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In acetic acid, most polar bond is O-H with electronegativity difference of 1.4 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
The other bonds are C-C, C=O and C-H with electronegativity of 0, 1.0 and 0.4 but bond O-H has more electronegativity as compared to other bonds.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
- Nonearrow_forward3. A molecular form of "dicarbon", C2, can be generated in gas phase. Its bond dissociation energy has been determined at 599 kJ/mol. Use molecular orbital theory to explain why energy of dissociation for C₂+ is 513 kJ/mol, and that for C2² is 818 kJ/mol. (10 points)arrow_forward9.73 g of lead(IV) chloride contains enough Cl- ions to make ____ g of magnesium chloride.arrow_forward
- 6. a) C2's. Phosphorus pentafluoride PF5 belongs to D3h symmetry group. Draw the structure of the molecule, identify principal axis of rotation and perpendicular (4 points) b) assume that the principal axis of rotation is aligned with z axis, assign symmetry labels (such as a1, b2, etc.) to the following atomic orbitals of the P atom. (character table for this group is included in the Supplemental material). 3s 3pz (6 points) 3dz²arrow_forward2. Construct Lewis-dot structures, and draw VESPR models for the ions listed below. a) SiF5 (4 points) b) IOF4 (4 points)arrow_forward5. Complex anion [AuCl2]¯ belongs to Doh symmetry point group. What is the shape of this ion? (4 points)arrow_forward
- 4. Assign the following molecules to proper point groups: Pyridine N 1,3,5-triazine N Narrow_forward7. a) Under normal conditions (room temperature & atmospheric pressure) potassium assumes bcc lattice. Atomic radius for 12-coordinate K atom is listed as 235 pm. What is the radius of potassium atom under normal conditions? (3 points) b) Titanium metal crystallyzes in hcp lattice. Under proper conditions nitrogen can be absorbed into the lattice of titanium resulting in an alloy of stoichiometry TiNo.2. Is this compound likely to be a substitutional or an interstitial alloy? (Radius of Ti (12-coordinate) is 147 pm; radius of N atom is 75 pm. (3 points)arrow_forwardcan someone answer the questions and draw out the complete mechanismarrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
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