BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264839698
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 3A
Genetically, proto-oncogenes act in a dominant fashion. This is because
a. there is only one copy of each proto-oncogene in the genome.
b. they act in a gain-of-function fashion to turn on the cell cycle.
c. they act in a loss-of-function fashion to turn off the cell cycle.
d. they require that both genomic copies are altered to affect function.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
The p53 gene was discovered in 1979, but it was not clear whether the gene functioned as an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor gene. Several years later, researchers showed that both p53 alleles are inactivated in some mouse cancers. This evidence suggests
A. the p53 gene is an oncogene because inactivated alleles would produce mutated signal transduction proteins that would result in stimulating cell division.
B. the p53 gene is an oncogene because the cell would overproduce transcription factors to compensate for the inactive alleles, resulting in increased cell division.
C. the p53 gene is a tumor-suppressor gene because inactivated alleles indicate a loss of protein function which allowed the cancer to develop
D. the p53 gene is a tumor-suppressor gene because the cell would produce too few transcription factors for gene activation, resulting in decreased cell division.
With regard to cancer cells, which of the following are true?
A.
Cancer cells are clonal, meaning that they are derived from many different cells that all underwent the same clonal mutation.
Cells usually accumulate many mutations over time, and this results in cancerous growth.
B.
Almost all cancers are caused by oncogenic viruses.
no Benign tumors are dangerous because they can easily invade surrounding tissue and spread to other locations in the body.
DE.
Cancer cells are unable to control their division.
With regard to human cancer cells, which of the following statements is true?
A. Cancer cells within one tumor usually do not share common mutations
B. Cancer cells generally have lost the ability to divide
C. Oncogenes are non-human genes not related to normal genes in the human genome
D. Mutations in DNA repair genes result in an increased chance of getting cancer.
Chapter 10 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 10.2 - Distinguish between homologues and sister...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 10.3 - Describe the eukaryotic cell cycle.Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 10.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 10.5 - Describe the phases of mitosis.Ch. 10.5 - Explain the importance of metaphase.Ch. 10.5 - Compare cytokinesis in plants and animals.
Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 10.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 10.7 - Prob. 1LOCh. 10.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 10 - Binary fission in prokaryotes does not require the...Ch. 10 - Chromatin is composed of a. RNA and protein. b....Ch. 10 - What is a nucleosome? a. A region in the cells...Ch. 10 - What is the role of cohesin proteins in cell...Ch. 10 - The kinetochore is a structure that functions to...Ch. 10 - Separation of the sister chromatids occurs during...Ch. 10 - Why is cytokinesis an important part of cell...Ch. 10 - What steps in the cell cycle represent...Ch. 10 - Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are regulated by...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2ACh. 10 - Genetically, proto-oncogenes act in a dominant...Ch. 10 - The metaphase to anaphase transition involves a....Ch. 10 - The main difference between bacterial cell...Ch. 10 - In animal cells, cytokinesis is accomplished by a...Ch. 10 - Regulation of the cell cycle is very complex and...Ch. 10 - Review you knowledge of signaling pathways...Ch. 10 - Compare and contrast how mutations in cellular...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Mutations in the ras gene family induce normal cells to proceed into the replication cycle. This converts the ras gene from a ________ gene to a ________ gene. a. proto-oncogene; oncogene b. oncogene; proto-oncogene c. mutant; oncogene d. tumor suppressor; proto-oncogenearrow_forwardWhat is the difference between a proto-oncogene and an oncogene? a. oncogenes cause benign tumors (polyps), proto-oncogenes cause malignant tumors b. oncogenes transform cells to hyperproliferation, proto-oncogenes have a normal cellular role c. oncogenes have undergone post-translational modification, proto-oncogenes have not d. oncogenes have undergone intron splicing, proto-oncogenes have notarrow_forwardWhich of the following accurately compares tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes? A. Both tumor suppressor and proto-oncogenes prevent the spread of cancer by targeting and destroying existing cancer cells. B. A person who has both tumor suppressor and proto-oncogenes will always develop cancer. C. Proto-oncogenes code for growth factors, while tumor suppressor genes inhibit cell division of damaged cells. D. When a proto-oncogene mutates, it becomes a tumor suppressor gene.arrow_forward
- Part A and B A. What below would be likely to lead to cancer development? A) Overexpression of a cell cycle checkpoint inhibitor B) Loss of expression of a growth factor that promotes cell cycle entry C) Overexpression of a receptor tyrosine kinase that promotes cell cycle entry D) Overexpression of a DNA damage repair enzyme E) Loss of expression of a regulatory transcription factor that activates transcription of a cyclin B. Taxols inhibit the proper function of microtubules and are frequently used as chemotherapy drugs. What is the function of microtubules during the cell cycle? A) They promote the G1 to S checkpoint B) They normally inhibit M phase from being completed C) They form the mitotic spindle E) They mediate DNA replication F) They form the cleavage furrow during cytokinesisarrow_forwardCancer Cells need A.I.R in order to survive and proliferate. What does this stand for? a. Activation of TSG's; Inactivation of oncogene; Replenishing of Telomeres b. Absorption of oncogenes; Inactivation of TRK's; Replenishing of Telomeres c. Activation of oncogenes; Inactivation of TGF's; Replenishing of Telomeres d. Activation of oncogene; Inactivation of TSG's; Replenishing of Telomeresarrow_forwardEpigenesis relating to genetics refers to which of the following A. Genetic information is limited to what we inherit only from our biological parents. B. Genes are not influenced by environmental factors. C. Genes we inherit are fully expressed at birth. D. Genes are turned on or off as needed, by the developing body or environmental triggers, across the life-spanarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about cancer is correct? A. Cancer stem cells can make tumors resistant to chemotherapy. B. Intra-tumoral heterogeneity makes it easier to treat cancer. C. Mutation in p53 is a type of passenger mutation. D. One driver mutation is more than sufficient for the production of a cancer phenotype.arrow_forwardCan you please answer questions 13,14, and 15 pleasearrow_forwardA cell inherits a mutation in a gene that results in a transcription factor, called NF-kB, constantly being in its active conformation. When active, NF-kB stimulates the expression of cyclins that promote progression of the cell cycle, regardless of other conditions. As a result of this mutation, how would this cell's phenotype be affected by this mutation? A) This cell would have a cancer phenotype B) This cell would grow larger in size, but would never divide C) This cell would likely undergo apoptosis D) This cell would not duplicate its chromosomes .arrow_forward
- 1arrow_forwardD) The level of carbon dioxide increases with the level of available oxygen. 60) The TP53 gene provides instructions for making a protein called tumor protein p53. Known as the guardian of the genome, this protein acts as a tumor suppressor, which means that it regulates cell division by keeping cells from growing and dividing too fast or in an uncontrolled way. The p53 protein is located in the nucleus of cells throughout the body, where it attaches directly to DNA and plays a critical role in determining whether the DNA will be repaired or the damaged cell will self- destruct (undergo apoptosis). If the DNA can be repaired, p53 activates other genes to fix the damage. If the DNA cannot be repaired, this protein prevents the cell from dividing and signals it to undergo apoptosis. eg Suppose chromosomes in a skin cell are damaged by ultraviolet radiation. If the damaged genes do not affect p53, which choice correctly predict if the cell will become cancerous and why? No, the cell will…arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. cell transformation b. oncogene c. apoptosis d. early response gene e. delayed response genearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
The Cell Cycle and its Regulation; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqJqhA8HSJ0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Cell Division - Mitosis and Meiosis - GCSE Biology (9-1); Author: Mr Exham Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7vp_uRA8kw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY