Chapter 10, Problem 23E

(a)

To determine

The complete nuclear reaction equation, $\text{H}\text{e}+\text{N}\to \text{O}+\_\_\_$.

Answer to Problem 23E

The complete nuclear reaction equation is $\text{H}\text{e}+\text{N}\to \text{O}+\text{H}$.

Explanation of Solution

Total mass number of reactant is $4+14=18$. Mass number of product is shown as $17$. According to conservation of mass number, mass number of reactant is equal to mass number of product. Missing atom must have a mass number of $18-17=1$.

Total atomic number of reactant is $7+2=9$ and shown atomic number of product is $8$. According to conservation of atomic number, the atomic number of reactant and product must be equal. Missing atom must have atomic number of $9-8=1$.

The atom with atomic number $1$ and mass number $1$ is Hydrogen atom.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the complete nuclear reaction equation is $\text{H}\text{e}+\text{N}\to \text{O}+\text{H}$.

(b)

To determine

The complete nucler reaction equation,

$\text{H}\text{e}+\text{A}\text{l}\to \text{P}+\_\_\_$

Answer to Problem 23E

The complete nuclear reaction equation $\text{H}\text{e}+\text{A}\text{l}\to \text{P}+\text{n}$.

Explanation of Solution

Total mass number of reactant is $27+4=31$. Mass number of product is shown as $30$. According to conservation of mass number, mass number of reactant is equal to mass number of product. Missing atom must have a mass number of $31-30=1$.

Total atomic number of reactant is $13+2=15$ and shown atomic number of product is $15$. According to conservation of atomic number, the atomic number of reactant and product must be equal. Missing atom must have atomic number of $15-15=0$.

Atomic number $0$ and mass number $1$ is assigned to neutrons, so there will be emission of $1$ neutron in nuclear reaction.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the complete nuclear reaction equation $\text{H}\text{e}+\text{A}\text{l}\to \text{P}+\text{n}$.

(c)

To determine

The complete nuclear reaction equation,

$\_\_\_+\text{C}\text{u}\to \text{Z}\text{n}+\text{n}$

Answer to Problem 23E

The complete nuclear reaction equation is $\text{H}+\text{C}\text{u}\to \text{Z}\text{n}+\text{n}$.

Explanation of Solution

Total mass number of reactant is shown as $66$. Total mass number of product is $67+1=68$. According to conservation of mass number, mass number of reactant is equal to mass number of product. Missing atom must have a mass number of $68-66=2$.

Total atomic number of reactant is shown as $29$ and total atomic number of product is $30+0=30$. According to conservation of atomic number, the atomic number of reactant and product must be equal. Missing atom must have atomic number of $30-29=1$.

The atom with atomic number $1$ and mass number $2$ is Deuterium atom.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the complete nuclear reaction equation is $\text{H}+\text{C}\text{u}\to \text{Z}\text{n}+\text{n}$.

(d)

To determine

The complete nuclear reaction equation,

$\text{n}+\text{U}\to \text{X}\text{e}+\_\_\_+5\text{n}$

Answer to Problem 23E

The complete nuclear reaction equation is $\text{n}+\text{U}\to \text{X}\text{e}+\text{S}\text{r}+5\text{n}$.

Explanation of Solution

Total mass number of reactant is $1+235=236$. Mass number of product is shown as $138+5=143$. According to conservation of mass number, mass number of reactant is equal to mass number of product. Missing atom must have a mass number of $236-143=93$.

Total atomic number of reactant is $0+92=92$ and shown atomic number of product is $54+0=54$. According to conservation of atomic number, the atomic number of reactant and product must be equal. Missing atom must have atomic number of $92-54=38$.

The atom with atomic number $38$ and mass number $93$ is isotope of stontium- $38$ atom.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the complete nuclear reaction equation is $\text{n}+\text{U}\to \text{X}\text{e}+\text{S}\text{r}+5\text{n}$.