Chapter 10, Problem 20PS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The pressure of ethanol vapour should be calculated using the given temperature, amount and volume.

Concept Introduction:

Different laws have been put forward to introduce properties of gases:

Boyle’s law:

At fixed temperature, the volume of a fixed amount of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure exerted by the gas.

  $\text{P}\propto \frac{\text{1}}{\text{V}}\left(\text{n}\text{,}\text{T}\text{will}\text{be}\text{constant}\right)$

Charles’s law: States that volume is directly proportional to temperature when the gas is held at constant pressure and number of molecules.

$\text{V}\propto \text{T}$

General Gas Law: Combining Charles’s law and Boyle’s law we get the General gas law or combined gas law.

  $\frac{{\text{P}}_{\text{1}}{\text{V}}_{\text{1}}}{{\text{T}}_{\text{1}}}\text{=}\frac{{\text{P}}_{\text{2}}{\text{V}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}}$

Avogadro’s hypothesis:

• To relate the amount of gas and the volume.
• $\text{V}\propto \text{n}\text{at}\text{constant}\text{T}\text{and}\text{P}$

Combining all these together ideal gas law is introduced:

  $\text{PV}\text{=}\text{nRT}$