
(a)
If the flow of the unfinished concrete duct is critical.

Answer to Problem 10.51P
The flow is super critical.
Explanation of Solution
The concrete duct which is unfinished has a diameter of
Froude number is given as:
Velocity of the flow
Calculation:
From equation (2)
Area of the flow is given as:
Substituting the values:
Hydraulic depth is given as:
Substituting all equations (1):
The flow is determined to be super critical as the Froude’s number is more than 1.
Conclusion:
Thus, the flow of the unfinished concrete duct is determined.
(b)
The critical flow rates.

Answer to Problem 10.51P
Critical flow rate is
Explanation of Solution
Given Information:
The concrete duct which is unfinished has a diameter of
Concept Used:
Calculation:
Substituting we have,
From equation (1) we have,
Conclusion:
Thus, the critical flow rate is
(c)
The critical slope.

Answer to Problem 10.51P
Critical slope is
Explanation of Solution
Given Information:
The concrete duct which is unfinished has a diameter of
Concept Used:
Calculation:
Substituting we have:
Conclusion:
Thus, the critical slope is determined.
(d)
The Froude’s number.

Answer to Problem 10.51P
Froude’s number is
Explanation of Solution
Given Information:
The concrete duct which is unfinished has a diameter of
Concept Used:
Froude number is given as:
Velocity of the flow
Calculation:
Substituting all equation (1)
The flow is determined to be critical.
Conclusion:
Thus, the Froude number is determined.
(e)
The slope of the duct when the flow is uniform.

Answer to Problem 10.51P
Explanation of Solution
Given Information:
The concrete duct which is unfinished has a diameter of
Concept Used:
Calculation:
The slope is equal in the duct with the uniform flow. So the duct slope with the critical flow is given as:
Conclusion:
Thus, the slope of the duct when the flow is uniform is determined.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 10 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics
- Using the four-point bending tool, discuss how measurements of transverse strain using DIC and compare with those from the strain gauge attached at the centre top of the specimen. In your answer, include the following: a. A short explanation of how each of the strain measurement techniques works. (4 marks) b. A description of the methodology you have used to make the data that you discussed from each technique as comparable as possible. (6 marks) c. A set of figures (images, graphs and/or tables as necessary) with appropriate captions demonstrating the comparability of data extracted from the two strain measurement methods. This should include at least three different applied loads. (10 marks) d. A brief description of the findings. (5 marks)arrow_forwardAn undamped single-degree-of-freedom system consists of a spring with stiffness k = 10 kip/in and a mass weighing W = 10 kips. The system is at rest and it is suddenly subjected to a half-cycle sine pulse force. The pulse force has an amplitude po = 1 kips and time duration td = 0.1 seconds. Calculate the maximum restoring force in the spring due to the pulse force.arrow_forwardm=400mm n=300mm q=28mm r=20mm P=0.9kNarrow_forward
- determine the allowable bending and contact stresses for a Grade 1 steel through-hardened to 250 HB. Assume the desired reliability is 50 %and that the pinion and gear have the same hardness and it is expected that the gear will encounter 100,000 load cyclesarrow_forwardPlease can you plot the Mohr's strain circle using the above informarrow_forwardA gearbox has permanent shaft positions defined by the bearing mounting positions, but the gear ratio can be changed by changing the number of teeth in the pinion and gear. To achieve similar power transmission ability for different gear ratios, a manufacturer chooses to have the same module for two different gearboxes. One of the gaerboxes has a pinion with 22 teeth, a gear with 68 teeth, and a center distance of 225mm. How large is the gear module and which gear ratios are possible for a pinion with 22 or more teeth using the same module?arrow_forward
- A gear train has a 50.3 mm circular pitch and a 25 degree pressure angle and meshes with a pinion having 12 teeth Design this gear train to minimize its volume and the total number of teeth. Obtain the pitch diameters the number of teeth the speed ratio the center distance and the module of this gear train. The gearbox housing has a diameter of 620mmarrow_forwardHandwritten solution required ,strictly do not use CHATGPT. MECHANICAL ENGGarrow_forwardSolve, use engineering economic tablesarrow_forward
- Solve, use engineering economic tablesarrow_forwardA pinion has a pressure angle of 20 degrees a module of 3mm and 20 teeth. It is meshed with a gear having 32 teeth. The center distance between the shafts is 81mm. Determine the gear ratio and diametral pitch .arrow_forwardSolve, use engineering economic tablesarrow_forward
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY





