Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337670418
Author: Kotz
Publisher: Cengage
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 60RGQ
Copper: Copper has a density of 8.96 g/cm3 An ingot of copper with a mass of 57 kg (126 lb) is drawn into wire with a diameter of 9.50 mm. What length of wire (in meters) can be produced? [Volume of wire = (π)(radius)2(length)]
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 1.1CYUCh. 1.6 - Prob. 1.2CYUCh. 1.6 - Identify whether each of the following properties...Ch. 1.7 - Identify whether each of the following is a...Ch. 1.8 - Much has been written about CO2.What is its name?Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 1.2ACPCh. 1.8 - Prob. 1.3ACPCh. 1.8 - The spines of the sea urchin, corals, and...Ch. 1 - In the following scenario, identify which of the...Ch. 1 - State whether the following is a hypothesis,...
Ch. 1 - What is meant by the phrase sustainable...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4PSCh. 1 - Prob. 5PSCh. 1 - Prob. 6PSCh. 1 - Give the name of each of the following elements:...Ch. 1 - Give the name of each of the following elements:...Ch. 1 - Give the symbol for each of the following...Ch. 1 - Give the symbol for each of the following...Ch. 1 - In each of the following pairs, decide which is an...Ch. 1 - In each of the following pairs, decide which is an...Ch. 1 - An 18 g sample of water is decomposed into 2 g of...Ch. 1 - A sample of the compound magnesium oxide is...Ch. 1 - In each case, decide if the underlined property is...Ch. 1 - In each case, decide if the change is a chemical...Ch. 1 - Which part of the description of a compound or...Ch. 1 - Which part of the description of a compound or...Ch. 1 - The flashlight in the photo does not use...Ch. 1 - A solar panel is pictured in the photo. When light...Ch. 1 - Determine which of the following represent...Ch. 1 - Prob. 22PSCh. 1 - A hot metal block is plunged into water in a...Ch. 1 - A book is held at a height above the floor. It has...Ch. 1 - Prob. 25GQCh. 1 - Iron pyrite (fool's gold, page 11) has a shiny...Ch. 1 - Which observations below describe chemical...Ch. 1 - Which observations below describe chemical...Ch. 1 - The mineral fluorite contains the elements calcium...Ch. 1 - Azurite, a blue, crystalline mineral, is composed...Ch. 1 - You have a solution of NaCI dissolved in water....Ch. 1 - Small chips of iron are mixed with sand (see...Ch. 1 - Identify the following as either physical changes...Ch. 1 - Identify the following as either physical changes...Ch. 1 - In Figure 1.2 you see a piece of salt and a...Ch. 1 - In Figure 1.5 you see macroscopic and particulate...Ch. 1 - Prob. 37GQCh. 1 - The following photo shows copper balls, immersed...Ch. 1 - Categorize each of the following as an element, a...Ch. 1 - Categorize each of the following as an element, a...Ch. 1 - Make a drawing, based on the kinetic-molecular...Ch. 1 - Make a drawing, based on the kinetic-molecular...Ch. 1 - Hexane (C6H14, density = 0.766 g/cm3),...Ch. 1 - You have a sample of a white crystalline substance...Ch. 1 - You can figure out whether a solid floats or sinks...Ch. 1 - You are given a sample of a silvery metal. What...Ch. 1 - Milk in a glass bottle was placed in the freezing...Ch. 1 - Describe an experimental method that can be used...Ch. 1 - Diabetes can alter the density of urine, so urine...Ch. 1 - Prob. 50GQCh. 1 - The following photo shows the element potassium...Ch. 1 - Prob. 52GQCh. 1 - Four balloons are each filled with a different...Ch. 1 - Prob. 54GQCh. 1 - The photo below shows elemental iodine dissolving...Ch. 1 - A few years ago a young chemist in Vienna,...Ch. 1 - The distance between two carbon atoms in diamond...Ch. 1 - A student checked the accuracy of two standard...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3RCYUCh. 1 - The density of gold is 19,320 kg/m3. What is this...Ch. 1 - A particular paint has a density of 0.914 g/cm3....Ch. 1 - What is the fuel density in units of kg/L?Ch. 1 - What mass and what volume of fuel should have been...Ch. 1 - Confirm that a person swimming at the world record...Ch. 1 - At this world record rate, how long would it take...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2.3RACh. 1 - Many laboratories use 25C as a standard...Ch. 1 - The temperature on the surface of the Sun is 5.5 ...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3RPSCh. 1 - Make the following temperature conversions:Ch. 1 - A marathon distance race covers distance of 42.195...Ch. 1 - The average lead pencil, new and unused, is 19 cm...Ch. 1 - A standard U.S. postage stamp is 2.5 cm long and...Ch. 1 - A compact disc has a diameter of 11.8 cm. What is...Ch. 1 - A typical laboratory beaker has a volume of 250....Ch. 1 - Some soft drinks are sold in bottles with a volume...Ch. 1 - A book has a mass of 2.52 kg. What is this mass in...Ch. 1 - A new U.S. dime has a mass of 2.265 g. What is its...Ch. 1 - Ethylene glycol, C2H6O2, is an ingredient of...Ch. 1 - A piece of silver metal has a mass of 2.365 g. If...Ch. 1 - Prob. 15RPSCh. 1 - Which occupies a larger volume, 600 g of water...Ch. 1 - You are on a diet that calls for eating no more...Ch. 1 - A 2-in. piece of chocolate cake with frosting...Ch. 1 - Prob. 19RPSCh. 1 - Prob. 20RPSCh. 1 - You and your lab partner are asked to determine...Ch. 1 - The accepted value of the melting point of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 23RPSCh. 1 - Prob. 24RPSCh. 1 - Prob. 25RPSCh. 1 - Prob. 26RPSCh. 1 - To determine the average mass of a popcorn kernel,...Ch. 1 - Use the following graph to answer the following...Ch. 1 - Use the graph below to answer the following...Ch. 1 - Solve the following equation for the unknown...Ch. 1 - Solve the following equation for the unknown...Ch. 1 - Solve the following equation for the unknown...Ch. 1 - Prob. 34RPSCh. 1 - Molecular distances are usually given in...Ch. 1 - The separation between carbon atoms in diamond is...Ch. 1 - A red blood cell has a diameter of 7.5 m...Ch. 1 - The platinum-containing cancer drug cisplatin...Ch. 1 - Prob. 39RGQCh. 1 - You need a cube of aluminum with a mass of 7.6 g....Ch. 1 - You have a 250.0-mL graduated cylinder containing...Ch. 1 - Prob. 42RGQCh. 1 - The smallest repeating unit of a crystal of common...Ch. 1 - Diamond has a density of 3.513 g/cm3. The mass of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 45RGQCh. 1 - The density of pure water at various temperatures...Ch. 1 - Prob. 47RGQCh. 1 - The aluminum in a package containing 75 ft2 of...Ch. 1 - Fluoridation of city water supplies has been...Ch. 1 - About two centuries ago, Benjamin Franklin showed...Ch. 1 - Prob. 51RGQCh. 1 - A 26-meter-tall statue of Buddha in Tibet is...Ch. 1 - At 25 C, the density of water is 0.997 g/cm3,...Ch. 1 - Suppose your bedroom is 18 ft long and 15 ft wide,...Ch. 1 - A spherical steel ball has a mass of 3.475 g and a...Ch. 1 - You are asked to identify an unknown liquid that...Ch. 1 - You have an irregularly shaped piece of an unknown...Ch. 1 - There are five hydrocarbon compounds (compounds of...Ch. 1 - Suppose you have a cylindrical glass tube with a...Ch. 1 - Copper: Copper has a density of 8.96 g/cm3 An...Ch. 1 - Copper: (a) Suppose you have a cube of copper...Ch. 1 - You set out to determine the density of lead in...Ch. 1 - A sample of unknown metal is placed in a graduated...Ch. 1 - Iron pyrite is often called fool's gold because it...Ch. 1 - You can analyze for a copper compound in water...Ch. 1 - Prob. 67RIL
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