Human Biology Custom Edition
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337631532
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 5CT
Researchers studied 393 patients in a hospital’s coronary care unit. In the experiment, volunteers were asked to pray daily for a patient’s rapid recovery and for the prevention of complications and death.
None of the patients knew if he or she was being prayed for. None of the volunteers or patients knew each other. The research team categorized how each patient fared as “good,” “intermediate,” or “bad.” They concluded that “prayed for” patients fared a little better than other patients—the experiment having documented results that seemed to support the prediction that prayer might have beneficial effects for seriously ill patients.
The results brought a storm of criticism, mostly from scientists who cited bias in the experimental design. For instance, the patients were categorized after the experiment was over, instead of as they were undergoing treatment, so the team already knew which ones had improved, stayed about the same, or gotten worse. Why do you suppose the experiment generated a heated response from many in the scientific community? Can you think of at least one other variable that might have affected the outcome of each patient’s illness?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
According to Veatch, et. al., when considering whether a treatment is futile or no, we should only consider the potential health benefits.
True
False
Health research involves analyzing millions of patient records with the goal of better understanding human diseases, to determine treatment effectiveness, and to identify health and disease trends. However, HIPAA law requires patients to give approval for their records to be used in this kind of study, and many patients do not understand what is being asked of them when permission is requested. What impacts might this have on the speed of and quality of health research? What recommendations can you make to resolve the impacts you identified?
Why are data sources so important in the health sciences? What do you think are important criteria for finding good data? What could be a potential problem with sources of data and how could this be avoided?
Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Biology Custom Edition
Ch. 1 - You are a living organism. Which characteristics...Ch. 1 - Why is the concept of homeostasis meaningful in...Ch. 1 - What is meant by biological evolution?Ch. 1 - Prob. 4RQCh. 1 - Define and distinguish between: a. a hypothesis...Ch. 1 - Instructions in __________ govern how organisms...Ch. 1 - A _______ is the smallest unit that can live and...Ch. 1 - _______ is a state in which an organisms internal...Ch. 1 - Humans are _________ (animals with backbones);...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5SQ
Ch. 1 - A scientific approach to explaining some aspect of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7SQCh. 1 - A related set of hypotheses that collectively...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is not a feature of a...Ch. 1 - The diagram below depicts the concept of _______....Ch. 1 - The diagram to the right shows how tiles can be...Ch. 1 - Court witnesses are asked to tell the truth, the...Ch. 1 - Design a test (or series of tests) to support or...Ch. 1 - In a popular magazine article the author reports...Ch. 1 - Researchers studied 393 patients in a hospitals...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Create family nursing care planarrow_forwardThe following case study is a paraphrase from "Good Clinical Practice. Standard Operating Procedures for Clinical Researchers" (Kolman, J., Meng, P. and Scott, G. editors; John Wiley and Sons publishers, 1998): “While a study subject and a relative were walking in town one day during the summer, a hanging flower basket fell on a study subjects head, resulting in the study subject falling down and becoming unconscious. The subject’s relative called for an ambulance. On arrival at a local hospital’s Emergency Department, in which the subject regained consciousness but could not recall the event, a x-ray revealed a fractured skull. The subject’s consciousness level at this point was deteriorating and after further tests a subdural hematoma was diagnosed, which was evacuated under general anesthesia. Postoperative recovery was uneventful and progressing well until day four, when the patient developed acute dyspnea (shortness of breath) at rest during visiting time. An emergency lung scan…arrow_forwardCreate 2 family nursing care planarrow_forward
- Create 2 nursing care planarrow_forwardRead Nurse Staffing and Inpatient Hospital Mortality. Write a Memorandum (no more than 2 pages) directed to your faculty answering the questions: What questions the did researchers try to answer? What study design was chosen for this study? Why? What data was collected? Why? What biases the study was subjected to? What conclusions were made? How a healthcare manager can use this study to guide departmental staffing?arrow_forwardWhat does Freedman say about Equipoise and the ethics of clinical research, does he respect the principle of Beneficence?arrow_forward
- Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion The PPACA has a number of provisions that aim to increase access to care. Which of the following is NOT one of them? Please choose all that apply. Group of answer choices A)HRRP B)Ban discrimination based on preexisting conditions C)Individual mandate D)Medicaid Expansion E)Employer mandatearrow_forwardYou read a study in which 55 male participants (aged 55-70 years) were assessed for handgrip strength, and changes in cardiovascular health over a 2-year period. In the statistical analysis section of the paper you note that the researchers used regression analysis as the statistical procedure. The researchers identify the independent variable as handgrip strength, and the dependent variable as change in cardiovascular health. What do you think the research question could be?You read a study in which 55 male participants (aged 55-70 years) were assessed for handgrip strength, and changes in cardiovascular health over a 2-year period. In the statistical analysis section of the paper you note that the researchers used regression analysis as the statistical procedure. The researchers identify the independent variable as handgrip strength, and the dependent variable as change in cardiovascular health. What do you think the research question could be? Select one: a. Does handgrip strength…arrow_forwardNow consider the use of Table 1 within the nursing research article. When reading research articles, many people will skip over the tables and figures. Why do you think the authors included it? Was it helpful? Why or why not? Note: I can't post the article but here's a paragraph where Table 1 is mentioned. RESULTS Patient selection and baseline characteristics Between 2010 and 2015, 132 women were diagnosed with ovarian cancer at the Diakonessenhuis. Four patients were excluded from further analysis because they were treated elsewhere. Therefore, 128 patients were included in this study. Baseline characteristics for patients agedarrow_forward
- In a study to improve patient medication adherence, one group of patients with either diabetes or coronary heart disease were given pamphlets by a nurse on the importance of adherence to read while the other group watched a short video on adherence and had a discussion led by Community Health Worker. Both groups later reported on their medication adherence by phone, computer or mobile app. Which is the independent variable?arrow_forwardHow could the Konstanz Information Miner KNIME Analytics platform be used to analyze health care data? What benefits does this software have in comparison to commercial products that have similar functionality and use?arrow_forwardFrom the "Spurious Correlation: Definition, Examples & Detecting" article by Jim Frost, why spurious correlation is an issue when it comes to analyzing and interpreting public health data? How does it impacts public health? What is an example of spurious correlation? What is the variables being correlated, what the relationships being suggested is, why you think it is a spurious correlation, and what (if any) mitigating or confounding variables may be?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Animal Communication | Ecology & Environment | Biology | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsMbn3b1Bis;License: Standard Youtube License