Concept explainers
Critical Thinking:
Do Male Symphony Conductors Really Live Longer?
Several media reports made the interesting observation that male symphony conductors live longer than other males.
John Amaral wrote in Awaken that orchestra conductors “live longer than almost any other group of people by three to seven years.” Robert Levine wrote in Polyphonic.org that they live longer “because they stand up while working.” Some provided other explanations for this phenomenon, often referring to cardiovascular activity. But do male symphony conductors really live longer than other groups of males? The Internet can be researched for possible answers. Let’s also consider the following.
4. Explain in detail how to design a study for collecting data to determine whether it is misleading to state that male symphony conductors live longer. Should the study be an experiment or an observational study?
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- 8- 6. Show that, for any random variable, X, and a > 0, 8 心 P(xarrow_forward15. This problem extends Problem 20.6. Let X, Y be random variables with finite mean. Show that 00 (P(X ≤ x ≤ Y) - P(X ≤ x ≤ X))dx = E Y — E X.arrow_forward(b) Define a simple random variable. Provide an example.arrow_forward17. (a) Define the distribution of a random variable X. (b) Define the distribution function of a random variable X. (c) State the properties of a distribution function. (d) Explain the difference between the distribution and the distribution function of X.arrow_forward16. (a) Show that IA(w) is a random variable if and only if A E Farrow_forward15. Let 2 {1, 2,..., 6} and Fo({1, 2, 3, 4), (3, 4, 5, 6}). (a) Is the function X (w) = 21(3, 4) (w)+711.2,5,6) (w) a random variable? Explain. (b) Provide a function from 2 to R that is not a random variable with respect to (N, F). (c) Write the distribution of X. (d) Write and plot the distribution function of X.arrow_forward20. Define the o-field R2. Explain its relation to the o-field R.arrow_forward7. Show that An → A as n→∞ I{An} - → I{A} as n→ ∞.arrow_forward7. (a) Show that if A,, is an increasing sequence of measurable sets with limit A = Un An, then P(A) is an increasing sequence converging to P(A). (b) Repeat the same for a decreasing sequence. (c) Show that the following inequalities hold: P (lim inf An) lim inf P(A) ≤ lim sup P(A) ≤ P(lim sup A). (d) Using the above inequalities, show that if A, A, then P(A) + P(A).arrow_forward19. (a) Define the joint distribution and joint distribution function of a bivariate ran- dom variable. (b) Define its marginal distributions and marginal distribution functions. (c) Explain how to compute the marginal distribution functions from the joint distribution function.arrow_forward18. Define a bivariate random variable. Provide an example.arrow_forward6. (a) Let (, F, P) be a probability space. Explain when a subset of ?? is measurable and why. (b) Define a probability measure. (c) Using the probability axioms, show that if AC B, then P(A) < P(B). (d) Show that P(AUB) + P(A) + P(B) in general. Write down and prove the formula for the probability of the union of two sets.arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
- Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill