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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The number between
Concept introduction:
The scientific notation is the standard method of representation of a long or tedious measurement. The number is expressed as number times ten raised to some power.
For instance, mass of a proton is conveniently expressed as
While a number is written in scientific notations it is scaled down to some digit between 1 to10 ten and the places that previously contain zeroes are changed to ten raised to some power.
For example, 0.00056 is written as
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 45P
Explanation of Solution
To compare the numbers they must be written in standard form as follows:
Similarly, write the other number in standard form as follows:
Comparison of 4440 and 480.0 indicates that 44400 is larger than 480.0hence,
(b)
Interpretation:
The number between
Concept introduction:
The scientific notation is the standard method of representation of a long or tedious measurement. The number is expressed as number times ten raised to the power, where the power is the number of places decimal has been shifted. The decimal is shifted to right when the power is positive while it is negative if the decimal has been shifted to left.
While a number is written in scientific notations it is scaled down to some digit between 1 to10 ten and the places that previously contain zeroes are changed to ten raised to some power.
For example, 0.00056 is written as
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 45P
Explanation of Solution
To explicitly compare the numbers write the number in standard form as follows:
Similarly, write the other number in standard form as follows:
Comparison of 0.000056 and 0.0000056 indicates that the former is larger than the latter.
(c)
Interpretation:
The number between
Concept introduction:
The scientific notation is the standard method of representation of a long or tedious measurement. The number is expressed as number times ten raised to some power.
For instance, mass of a proton is conveniently expressed as
While a number is written in scientific notations it is scaled down to some digit between 1 to10 ten and the places that previously contain zeroes are changed to ten raised to some power.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 45P
Explanation of Solution
To explicitly compare the numbers write the number in standard form as follows:
Similarly, write the other number in standard form as follows:
Comparison of 52300000.0 and 130000000.0 indicates that the former is smaller than the latter.
(d)
Interpretation:
The number between
Concept introduction:
The scientific notation is the standard method of representation of a long or tedious measurement. The number is expressed as number times ten raised to some power.
For instance,mass of a proton is conveniently expressed as
While a number is written in scientific notations it is scaled down to some digit between 1 to10 ten and the places that previously contain zeroes are changed to ten raised to some power.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 45P
Explanation of Solution
To explicitly compare the numbers write the number in standard form as follows:
The other number isgiven in the standard form as follows:
0.000089
Comparison of 0.00098 and 0.000089 indicates that the former is larger than the latter.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
- (6 pts - 2 pts each part) Although we focused our discussion on hydrogen light emission, all elements have distinctive emission spectra. Sodium (Na) is famous for its spectrum being dominated by two yellow emission lines at 589.0 and 589.6 nm, respectively. These lines result from electrons relaxing to the 3s subshell. a. What is the photon energy (in J) for one of these emission lines? Show your work. b. To what electronic transition in hydrogen is this photon energy closest to? Justify your answer-you shouldn't need to do numerical calculations. c. Consider the 3s subshell energy for Na - use 0 eV as the reference point for n=∞. What is the energy of the subshell that the electron relaxes from? Choose the same emission line that you did for part (a) and show your work.arrow_forwardNonearrow_forward(9 Pts) In one of the two Rare Earth element rows of the periodic table, identify an exception to the general ionization energy (IE) trend. For the two elements involved, answer the following questions. Be sure to cite sources for all physical data that you use. a. (2 pts) Identify the two elements and write their electronic configurations. b. (2 pts) Based on their configurations, propose a reason for the IE trend exception. c. (5 pts) Calculate effective nuclear charges for the last electron in each element and the Allred-Rochow electronegativity values for the two elements. Can any of these values explain the IE trend exception? Explain how (not) - include a description of how IE relates to electronegativity.arrow_forward
- Please explain thoroughly and provide steps to draw.arrow_forwardAs you can see in the picture, the instrument uses a Xe source. Given that the instrument is capable of measuring from 200-800nm, if Xe was not used, what other source(s) could be used? Refer to figure 7-3. How many monochrometers does this instrument have? Why? Trace the light as it goes from the Xenon lamp all the way to the circle just slightly to the right and a little bit down from S4. What do you think that circle is? In class we talked about many types of these, which kind do you think this one is for a fluorimeter? Why? Explain. What is/are some strategy(ies) that this instrument has for dealing with noise that you see present in the optics diagram? Why does a fluorescence cuvette have to be clear on four sides?arrow_forwardProvide steps and thoroughly solve.arrow_forward
- Nonearrow_forwardDevise a synthesis to prepare 4-tert-butyl-2-nitrotoluene from toluene. Complete the following reaction scheme. Part 1 of 4 Step 1 Step 2 A B Draw the structure for compound B, 4-tert-butyl-2-nitrotoluene. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 'O Х ப:arrow_forwardWhat is N hybridized? sp3 or sp2? whyarrow_forward
- Date Unknown o Hydrated Salt Lab Sec. Name Trial I Trial 2 1. Mass of fired crucible and lid (g) 2. Mass of fired crucible, lid, and hydrated sah (g) 3. Instructor's approval of flame and apparatus 4. Mass of crucible, lid, and anhydrous salt Ist mass measurement (g) 2nd mass measurement (g) 3rd mass measurement (g). Desk No. Trial 3 48.833 46.808 213.692 51.507 9.359 46,615 50.296 48.211 45.351 50.142 48.146 45.1911 50.103 48.132 45.186 5. Final mass of crucible, lid, and anhydrous salt (g) 50.180 4.13 45.243 Calculations 1. Mass of hydrated salt (g) 2. Mass of anhydrous salt (g) 2.674 2.491 2.9239 1.3479 1.2959 1.5519 3. Mass of water lost (g) 1.32791969 1.322g 4. Percent by mass of volatile water in hydrated salt (%) 49.6% 48% 216.9% 5. Average percent HO in bydrated salt (%H,O) 5. Standard deviation of %H,O Relative standard deviation of %H,O in hydrated salt (RSD) how calculations on next page. 48.17% Data Analysis, B Data Analysis, C Data Analysis, D Experiment 5 89arrow_forwardConsidering the irregular electronic configurations we discussed for certain transitionmetals, think about the possibility of silicon (Si) having a [Ne]3s 2 3p 2 configuration vs.[Ne]3s 1 3p 3. Discuss the pros and cons of both configurations. Which one does Si actuallyadopt and why?arrow_forward(5 Pts) Currently, the last element in the periodic table is number 118, oganesson (Og). Channel your inner Dimitri Mendeleev and predict element 119’s electronic configuration, atomic mass, density, and either melting or boiling point. Justify your answers.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub CoChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStax
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