(a) Interpretation: All valid resonance contributors for the given ion are to be drawn using curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted. Concept introduction: Resonance structure exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures are imaginary; true species is represented by the resonance hybrid. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their valence electrons, not their atoms. For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” Resonance structures are drawn using curved arrows. The arrow points to the center of an existing bond to represent the formation of a new double/triple bond. A resonance structure can be drawn if a lone pair of electrons on an atom is adjacent with multiple bonds or an incomplete octet on an atom is adjacent to multiple bonds or there is a ring of alternating single and double bonds.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.80P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

All valid resonance contributors for the given ion are to be drawn using curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted.

Concept introduction:

Resonance structure exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures are imaginary; true species is represented by the resonance hybrid. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their valence electrons, not their atoms. For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” Resonance structures are drawn using curved arrows. The arrow points to the center of an existing bond to represent the formation of a new double/triple bond. A resonance structure can be drawn if a lone pair of electrons on an atom is adjacent with multiple bonds or an incomplete octet on an atom is adjacent to multiple bonds or there is a ring of alternating single and double bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Resonance hybrid for the given anion is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” A resonance hybrid is a weighted average of all resonance contributors. A partial bond is represented in a resonance hybrid by a dashed line connecting the two atoms.

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Consider the following chemical equilibrium: 2SO2(g) + O2(g) = 2SO3(g) • Write the equilibrium constant expression for this reaction. Now compare it to the equilibrium constant expression for the related reaction: • . 1 SO2(g) + O2(g) = SO3(g) 2 How do these two equilibrium expressions differ? What important principle about the dependence of equilibrium constants on the stoichiometry of a reaction can you learn from this comparison?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.80P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

All valid resonance contributors for the given ion are to be drawn using curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted.

Concept introduction:

Resonance structure exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures are imaginary; true species is represented by the resonance hybrid. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their valence electrons, not their atoms. For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” Resonance structures are drawn using curved arrows. The arrow points to the center of an existing bond to represent the formation of a new double/triple bond. A resonance structure can be drawn if a lone pair of electrons on an atom is adjacent with multiple bonds or an incomplete octet on an atom is adjacent to multiple bonds or there is a ring of alternating single and double bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Resonance hybrid for the given anion is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” A resonance hybrid is a weighted average of all resonance contributors. A partial bond is represented in a resonance hybrid by a dashed line connecting the two atoms.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.80P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

All valid resonance contributors for the given ion are to be drawn using curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted.

Concept introduction:

Resonance structure exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures are imaginary; true species is represented by the resonance hybrid. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their valence electrons, not their atoms. For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” Resonance structures are drawn using curved arrows. The arrow points to the center of an existing bond to represent the formation of a new double/triple bond. A resonance structure can be drawn if a lone pair of electrons on an atom is adjacent with multiple bonds or an incomplete octet on an atom is adjacent to multiple bonds or there is a ring of alternating single and double bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Resonance hybrid for the given anion is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” A resonance hybrid is a weighted average of all resonance contributors. A partial bond is represented in a resonance hybrid by a dashed line connecting the two atoms.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.80P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

All valid resonance contributors for the given ion are to be drawn using curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted.

Concept introduction:

Resonance structure exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures are imaginary; true species is represented by the resonance hybrid. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their valence electrons, not their atoms. For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” Resonance structures are drawn using curved arrows. The arrow points to the center of an existing bond to represent the formation of a new double/triple bond. A resonance structure can be drawn if a lone pair of electrons on an atom is adjacent with multiple bonds or an incomplete octet on an atom is adjacent to multiple bonds or there is a ring of alternating single and double bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Resonance hybrid for the given anion is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” A resonance hybrid is a weighted average of all resonance contributors. A partial bond is represented in a resonance hybrid by a dashed line connecting the two atoms.

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Answer 5

Chapter 1, Problem 1.80P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

All valid resonance contributors for the given ion are to be drawn using curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted.

Concept introduction:

Resonance structure exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures are imaginary; true species is represented by the resonance hybrid. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their valence electrons, not their atoms. For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” Resonance structures are drawn using curved arrows. The arrow points to the center of an existing bond to represent the formation of a new double/triple bond. A resonance structure can be drawn if a lone pair of electrons on an atom is adjacent with multiple bonds or an incomplete octet on an atom is adjacent to multiple bonds or there is a ring of alternating single and double bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Resonance hybrid for the given anion is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” A resonance hybrid is a weighted average of all resonance contributors. A partial bond is represented in a resonance hybrid by a dashed line connecting the two atoms.

Answer 6

Chapter 1, Problem 1.80P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

All valid resonance contributors for the given ion are to be drawn using curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted.

Concept introduction:

Resonance structure exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures are imaginary; true species is represented by the resonance hybrid. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their valence electrons, not their atoms. For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” Resonance structures are drawn using curved arrows. The arrow points to the center of an existing bond to represent the formation of a new double/triple bond. A resonance structure can be drawn if a lone pair of electrons on an atom is adjacent with multiple bonds or an incomplete octet on an atom is adjacent to multiple bonds or there is a ring of alternating single and double bonds.

Answer 7

Chapter 1, Problem 1.80P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

All valid resonance contributors for the given ion are to be drawn using curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted.

Concept introduction:

Resonance structure exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures are imaginary; true species is represented by the resonance hybrid. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their valence electrons, not their atoms. For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” Resonance structures are drawn using curved arrows. The arrow points to the center of an existing bond to represent the formation of a new double/triple bond. A resonance structure can be drawn if a lone pair of electrons on an atom is adjacent with multiple bonds or an incomplete octet on an atom is adjacent to multiple bonds or there is a ring of alternating single and double bonds.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Resonance hybrid for the given anion is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” A resonance hybrid is a weighted average of all resonance contributors. A partial bond is represented in a resonance hybrid by a dashed line connecting the two atoms.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Resonance hybrid for the given anion is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” A resonance hybrid is a weighted average of all resonance contributors. A partial bond is represented in a resonance hybrid by a dashed line connecting the two atoms.

Answer 10

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Answer 13

Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.1P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.2P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.3P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.4P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.5P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.6P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.7P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.8P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.9P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.10P

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