Chapter 1, Problem 1.53P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is $\text{109}{\text{.5}}^{\text{o}}$.
2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is ${\text{120}}^{\text{o}}$.
3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is ${\text{180}}^{\text{o}}$.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is $\text{109}{\text{.5}}^{\text{o}}$.
2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is ${\text{120}}^{\text{o}}$.
3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is ${\text{180}}^{\text{o}}$.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is $\text{109}{\text{.5}}^{\text{o}}$.
2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is ${\text{120}}^{\text{o}}$.
3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is ${\text{180}}^{\text{o}}$.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is $\text{109}{\text{.5}}^{\text{o}}$.
2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is ${\text{120}}^{\text{o}}$.
3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is ${\text{180}}^{\text{o}}$.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is $\text{109}{\text{.5}}^{\text{o}}$.
2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is ${\text{120}}^{\text{o}}$.
3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is ${\text{180}}^{\text{o}}$.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is $\text{109}{\text{.5}}^{\text{o}}$.
2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is ${\text{120}}^{\text{o}}$.
3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is ${\text{180}}^{\text{o}}$.