What does a negative number for the rate of formation of species (e.g., species A), r A = −3 mol / dm 3 s , signify? What does a positive number signify? Explain.

Question

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.4Q

What does a negative number for the rate of formation of species (e.g., species A), r_A = −3 mol/dm³ s, signify? What does a positive number signify? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The significance of a given negative number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated. The significance of a positive number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The rate of formation of any species is the total number of moles of the species, j that are produced per unit volume and per unit time. The rate of formation of a species is denoted by rj. The unit of rate of formation is mol/m3 s.

Answer to Problem 1.4Q

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

Explanation of Solution

The given rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=−3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned negative number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant. It also describes that species A is converting itself into a product by disappearing through decomposition or combination reactions. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is converted into a product, P is shown as,

A→P

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, P is formed by the disappearance of one mole of A. As, species A is disappearing to produce the species P, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the negative sign. Hence, negative number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant.

The positive number for rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned positive number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the product. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is forming by the disappearance of species B is shown as,

B→A

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, A is formed by the disappearance of one mole of B. As, species B is disappearing to produce the species A, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the positive sign. Hence, positive number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the product.

Conclusion

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.4Q

What does a negative number for the rate of formation of species (e.g., species A), r_A = −3 mol/dm³ s, signify? What does a positive number signify? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The significance of a given negative number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated. The significance of a positive number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The rate of formation of any species is the total number of moles of the species, j that are produced per unit volume and per unit time. The rate of formation of a species is denoted by rj. The unit of rate of formation is mol/m3 s.

Answer to Problem 1.4Q

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

Explanation of Solution

The given rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=−3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned negative number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant. It also describes that species A is converting itself into a product by disappearing through decomposition or combination reactions. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is converted into a product, P is shown as,

A→P

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, P is formed by the disappearance of one mole of A. As, species A is disappearing to produce the species P, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the negative sign. Hence, negative number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant.

The positive number for rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned positive number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the product. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is forming by the disappearance of species B is shown as,

B→A

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, A is formed by the disappearance of one mole of B. As, species B is disappearing to produce the species A, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the positive sign. Hence, positive number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the product.

Conclusion

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.4Q

What does a negative number for the rate of formation of species (e.g., species A), r_A = −3 mol/dm³ s, signify? What does a positive number signify? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The significance of a given negative number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated. The significance of a positive number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The rate of formation of any species is the total number of moles of the species, j that are produced per unit volume and per unit time. The rate of formation of a species is denoted by rj. The unit of rate of formation is mol/m3 s.

Answer to Problem 1.4Q

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

Explanation of Solution

The given rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=−3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned negative number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant. It also describes that species A is converting itself into a product by disappearing through decomposition or combination reactions. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is converted into a product, P is shown as,

A→P

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, P is formed by the disappearance of one mole of A. As, species A is disappearing to produce the species P, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the negative sign. Hence, negative number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant.

The positive number for rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned positive number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the product. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is forming by the disappearance of species B is shown as,

B→A

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, A is formed by the disappearance of one mole of B. As, species B is disappearing to produce the species A, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the positive sign. Hence, positive number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the product.

Conclusion

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.4Q

What does a negative number for the rate of formation of species (e.g., species A), r_A = −3 mol/dm³ s, signify? What does a positive number signify? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The significance of a given negative number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated. The significance of a positive number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The rate of formation of any species is the total number of moles of the species, j that are produced per unit volume and per unit time. The rate of formation of a species is denoted by rj. The unit of rate of formation is mol/m3 s.

Answer to Problem 1.4Q

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

Explanation of Solution

The given rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=−3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned negative number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant. It also describes that species A is converting itself into a product by disappearing through decomposition or combination reactions. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is converted into a product, P is shown as,

A→P

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, P is formed by the disappearance of one mole of A. As, species A is disappearing to produce the species P, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the negative sign. Hence, negative number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant.

The positive number for rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned positive number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the product. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is forming by the disappearance of species B is shown as,

B→A

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, A is formed by the disappearance of one mole of B. As, species B is disappearing to produce the species A, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the positive sign. Hence, positive number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the product.

Conclusion

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The significance of a given negative number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated. The significance of a positive number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The rate of formation of any species is the total number of moles of the species, j that are produced per unit volume and per unit time. The rate of formation of a species is denoted by rj. The unit of rate of formation is mol/m3 s.

Answer to Problem 1.4Q

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

Explanation of Solution

The given rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=−3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned negative number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant. It also describes that species A is converting itself into a product by disappearing through decomposition or combination reactions. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is converted into a product, P is shown as,

A→P

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, P is formed by the disappearance of one mole of A. As, species A is disappearing to produce the species P, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the negative sign. Hence, negative number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant.

The positive number for rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned positive number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the product. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is forming by the disappearance of species B is shown as,

B→A

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, A is formed by the disappearance of one mole of B. As, species B is disappearing to produce the species A, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the positive sign. Hence, positive number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the product.

Conclusion

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The significance of a given negative number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated. The significance of a positive number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The rate of formation of any species is the total number of moles of the species, j that are produced per unit volume and per unit time. The rate of formation of a species is denoted by rj. The unit of rate of formation is mol/m3 s.

Answer to Problem 1.4Q

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

Explanation of Solution

The given rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=−3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned negative number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant. It also describes that species A is converting itself into a product by disappearing through decomposition or combination reactions. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is converted into a product, P is shown as,

A→P

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, P is formed by the disappearance of one mole of A. As, species A is disappearing to produce the species P, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the negative sign. Hence, negative number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant.

The positive number for rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned positive number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the product. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is forming by the disappearance of species B is shown as,

B→A

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, A is formed by the disappearance of one mole of B. As, species B is disappearing to produce the species A, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the positive sign. Hence, positive number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the product.

Conclusion

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The significance of a given negative number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated. The significance of a positive number for the rate of formation of species A with explanation is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The rate of formation of any species is the total number of moles of the species, j that are produced per unit volume and per unit time. The rate of formation of a species is denoted by rj. The unit of rate of formation is mol/m3 s.

Answer 12

Answer to Problem 1.4Q

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.

Answer 13

Explanation of Solution

The given rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=−3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned negative number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant. It also describes that species A is converting itself into a product by disappearing through decomposition or combination reactions. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is converted into a product, P is shown as,

A→P

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, P is formed by the disappearance of one mole of A. As, species A is disappearing to produce the species P, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the negative sign. Hence, negative number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the reactant.

The positive number for rate of formation of a species A is,

rA=3 mol/dm3⋅s

The above mentioned positive number of rate of formation of a species A, rA, signifies that species A is present at the side of the product. The expression for the stoichiometric equation for species A which is forming by the disappearance of species B is shown as,

B→A

According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, one mole of product, A is formed by the disappearance of one mole of B. As, species B is disappearing to produce the species A, thus, the numerical value of rate of formation of A possess the positive sign. Hence, positive number of rate of formation of a species A signifies that species A is present at the side of the product.

Answer 14

Conclusion

The negative number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the reactant side. The positive number for the rate of formation of species A signifies that it is present at the product side.