Problem 1E: What are the principal reasons that one theory might be adopted over a conflicting one? Problem 2E Problem 3E: A common belief among scientists is that there exists an underlying order to nature. Einstein... Problem 4E: Describe several ways in which a scientific law differs from a legislative law. Problem 5E: Describe the necessary characteristics of an experiment that is suitable to test a theory. Problem 6E: Describe the necessary characteristics of a scientific theory. Problem 7E: State whether the following properties of matter are physical or chemical. a. An iron nail is... Problem 8E: State whether the following properties are physical or chemical. a. A piece of sliced apple tums... Problem 9E: Indicate whether each sample of matter listed is 8 substance or 8 mixture; if it is a mixture,... Problem 10E: Indicate whether each sample of matter listed is substance or mixture; if a mixture, indicate... Problem 11E: Suggest physical changes by which the following mixtures can be separated. a. iron filings and wood... Problem 12E: What type of changephysical or chemicalis necessary to separate the following? (Hint: Refer to a... Problem 13E: Express each number in exponential notation. a.8950.; b. 10,700., c. 0.0240; d. 0.0047; e. 930.3; f.... Problem 14E: Express each number common decimal form. a. 5.12103 b. 8.05105; c. 291.1104; d. 72.1102. Problem 15E: Express each value in exponential form. Where appropriate, include units in your answer. a. speed of... Problem 16E: Express each value in exponential form. Where appropriate, include units in your answer. a. solar... Problem 17E: Indicate whether each of the following is an exact number or a measured quantity subject to... Problem 18E: Indicate whether each of the following is an exact number or e measured quantity subject to... Problem 19E Problem 20E: How many significant figures are shown in each of the following? If his is indeterminate, explain... Problem 21E: Perform the following calculations; express each answer in exponential form and with the appropriate... Problem 22E: Perform the following calculations; express each number and the answer in exponential form and with... Problem 23E: Perform the following calculations and retain the appropriate number of significant figures in each... Problem 24E: Express the result of each of the following calculations exponential form and with the appropriate... Problem 25E: An American press release describing the 1986 nonstop, round-the-world trip by the ultra-lightweight... Problem 26E Problem 27E: Perform the following conversions. a. 0.127L=mL b. 15.8L=L c. 981cm3=L d. 2.65m3=cm3 Problem 28E Problem 29E: Perform the following from non-SI to SI units. (Use information from the inside back cover, as... Problem 30E Problem 31E: Which is the greater mass, 3245 (g or 0.00515 mg? Explain. Problem 32E: Which is the greater mass, 3257 mg or 0.000475 kg? Explain. Problem 33E: The non-SI unit, hand (used by equestrians), is 4 inches. What is the height, in meters, of a horse... Problem 34E: The und furlong is used in horse racing. The unis chain and link are used in surveying. There are... Problem 35E: A sprinter runs the 100 yd dash in 9.3 s. At this same rate, a. how long would it take the sprinter... Problem 36E: A non-SI unit of mass used in Pharmaceutical work is the grain (gr) (15gr=1.0g) . An aspirin tablet... Problem 37E Problem 38E: In an engineering reference book, you find that the density of iron is 0.284 lb/in3. What is the... Problem 39E Problem 40E: The volumeofaredbloodcell isabout 90.010-12cm3 . Assumingthatredbloodcells arespherical,... Problem 41E: We want tomark offathermometer in it Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures. On the Celsius scale, the... Problem 42E: The highestandlowesttemperatures on record for San Bernardino, California, are 118F and 17F,... Problem 43E: The absolute zero of temperature is -273.15C. Should it be possible to achieve a temperature of... Problem 44E Problem 45E Problem 46E Problem 47E: A 2.18 L sample of butyric acid, a substance present in rancid butter, has a mass of 2088 g. What is... Problem 48E: A 15.2 L sample of chloroform at 20 C has a mass of 22.54 kg. What is the density of chloroform at... Problem 49E: To determine the density of acetone, a 55.0 gal drum is weighed twice. The drum weighs 75.0 lb when... Problem 50E: To determine the volume of an irregularly shaped glass vessel, the vessel is weighed empty (121.3 g)... Problem 51E: A solution consisting of 8.50% acetone and 91.5% water by mass has a density of 0.9867 g /mL. What... Problem 52E Problem 53E: A fertilizer contains 21% nitrogen by mass. What mass of this fertilizer, in kilograms, is required... Problem 54E: A sample is found to have a density of 1.006 g/mL, and to contain 5.4% acetic acid by mass. How many... Problem 55E Problem 56E: Calculate the mass of a cylinder of stainless steel (d=7.75g/cm3) (d = 7.75 g/cm3) with a height... Problem 57E: The densities are given at 20 C: water, 0.998g/cm3 ; iron, 7.86g/cm3 ; aluminum, 2.70g/cm3 . Arrange... Problem 58E: To determine the approximate mass of a small spherical shot of copper, the following experiment... Problem 59E: The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/ cm3. A square piece of aluminum foil, 22.86 cm on a side is found... Problem 60E: The angle iron pictured here is made of steel with a density of 7.78 g/cm3. What is the mass, grams,... Problem 61E: In normal blood, there are about 5.4109 red blood cellsper milliliter. The volume of a red blood... Problem 62E: A technique once used by geologists to measure the density of a mineral is to mix twodense liquids... Problem 63E: In a class of 76 students, the results of particular examination were 7 A'S, 22 B's, 37 C's, 8 D's,... Problem 64E: A class of 84 students had a final grade distribution of 18% A's, B's, 32% C's, 13% D's, 12% F's.... Problem 65E Problem 66E: A solution containing 12.0% sodium hydroxide by mass in water has a density of 1.131 g/mL. What... Problem 67IAE: According to the rules on significant figures, the product of the measured quantities 99.9 m and... Problem 68IAE Problem 69IAE: A solution used to chlorinate a home swimming pool contains 7% chlorine by mass. An ideal chlorine... Problem 70IAE: A standard 1.000 kg mass is to be tut from a bar of steel having an equilateral triangular cross... Problem 71IAE Problem 72IAE Problem 73IAE: Magnesium occurs in seawater to the extent of 1.4 g magnesium per kilogram of seawater.What volume... Problem 74IAE: A typical rate of deposit of dust ("dustfall") from unpolluted air was reported as 10 tons per... Problem 75IAE: In the United States, the volume of irrigation water is usually expressed acre-feet. One acre-foot... Problem 76IAE: A Fahrenheit and a Celsius thermometer are immersed in the same medium. At what Celsius temperature... Problem 77IAE: The accompanying illustration shows e 100.0 mL graduated cylinder half-filled wit' 81 g of... Problem 78IAE Problem 79IAE Problem 80IAE: A pycnometer (see Exercise 78) weighs 25.60 g empty and 35.55 g when filed with water at 20C. The... Problem 81IAE: The Greater Vancouver Regional District (GVRO) chlorinates the water supply of the region at the... Problem 82IAE: A Boeing 767 due to fly from Montreal to Edmonton required refueling. Because the fuel gauge on the... Problem 83IAE: The following equation can be used to relate the density of Equid water to Celsius temperature in... Problem 84IAE Problem 85IAE: A tabulation of datalists the following equation for calculating the densities (d) of solutions of... Problem 86IAE: The total volume of ice in the Antarctic is about 3.01107 km3. If all the ice in the Antarctic were... Problem 87IAE: An empty 3.00 L bottle weighs 1.70 kg. Fled with certain wine, it weighs 4.72 kg. The wine contains... Problem 88IAE: The filament in an incandescent light bulb is made from tungsten metal (d=19.3g/cm3) that has been... Problem 89IAE: Blood alcohol content (BAC) is sometimes reported in weight-volume percent and, when is, a BAC of... Problem 90FP: In an attempt to determine any possible relationship between the year in which a U.S. penny was... Problem 91FP Problem 92FP Problem 93FP: The canoe gliding gracefully along the water in the photograph made of concrete, which has a... Problem 94FP: The accompanying sketches suggest four observations made on a small block of plastic material. Tell... Problem 95FP: As mentioned on page 13, the MCO was lost because of a mix-up in the units used to calculate the... Problem 96SAE: In your own words, define or explain the following terms or symbols: (a) mL; (b) % by mass, (C) C;... Problem 97SAE Problem 98SAE: Explain the important distinctions between each pair of terms: (a) mass and weight; (b) intensive... Problem 99SAE: A procedure designed to test the truth or the validity of an explanation for many observations is... Problem 100SAE: The fact that the volume of a fixed amount of gas at a fixed temperature is inversely proportional... Problem 101SAE: If a sample of matter cannotbe separated by physical means or decomposed by chemical means, he... Problem 102SAE: A good example of a homogeneous mixture is a. a cola drink in a tightly capped bottle b. distilled... Problem 103SAE: Compared withits mass on Earth, the mass of the same object on the moon should be (a) less; (b)... Problem 104SAE: Which answer has the correct number of significant figures? a. (14.7+24.312)87.27=3405 b.... Problem 105SAE: Which two of the following masses are expressed to the nearest milligram? (a) 32.7 g; (b) 0.03271 g;... Problem 106SAE Problem 107SAE Problem 108SAE Problem 109SAE: The density of water is 0.9982 g/cm2 at 20C. Express the density of water at 20C the following... Problem 110SAE: Two students each made four measurements of the mass of an object. Their results are shown in the... Problem 111SAE Problem 112SAE: List the blowing the order of increasing precision, indicating any quantities about which the... Problem 113SAE: Without doing detailed calculations, explain which of the following objects contains the greatest... Problem 114SAE Problem 115SAE: Water, acompound, is a substance. Is there any circumstance under which a sample of pure water can... Problem 116SAE: In the production of ammonia, the followingprocessesoccur. a. Air is liquefied at low temperature... Problem 117SAE: Appendix E descries a useful study aid known as concept mapping.Using the method presented in... format_list_bulleted