Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780321918550
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 14CT
The ability of farmers around the world to produce crops such as corn, wheat and rice is often limited by the lack of nitrogen-based fertilizer. How might scientists use Beijerinck’s discovery to increase world supplies of grain?
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Miracle RiceRice is a staple food in Asia. In the 1950s, Asia faced food shortages and an impending famine. If you have relatives that lived in Asia during the ’50s and ’60s, they may tell you that due to the rice shortage, many starved and those who were lucky had to supplement their diet with other crops, such as barley. In 1962, an organization focused on research and development of rice called the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) developed a high-yielding variety of rice by crossing the two types of rice from Indonesia and China. The result was groundbreaking. The new variety called IR8 (India Rice 8) increased its yield as much as 10 times the traditional variety of rice. By the early 1970s, many rice farmers in India, the Philippines, and Vietnam switched to cultivating IR8 rice, making these countries into major rice exporters, preventing a mass famine in Asia, and saving millions of lives.
IRRI is currently in the process of developing a new variety of rice called…
Miracle RiceRice is a staple food in Asia. In the 1950s, Asia faced food shortages and an impending famine. If you have relatives that lived in Asia during the ’50s and ’60s, they may tell you that due to the rice shortage, many starved and those who were lucky had to supplement their diet with other crops, such as barley. In 1962, an organization focused on research and development of rice called the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) developed a high-yielding variety of rice by crossing the two types of rice from Indonesia and China. The result was groundbreaking. The new variety called IR8 (India Rice 8) increased its yield as much as 10 times the traditional variety of rice. By the early 1970s, many rice farmers in India, the Philippines, and Vietnam switched to cultivating IR8 rice, making these countries into major rice exporters, preventing a mass famine in Asia, and saving millions of lives.
Although IR8 was widely cultivated in Asia in the ’70s, it is no longer…
Why is nitrogen used in fertilizer when there's so much N2 in the air
Chapter 1 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (4th Edition)
Ch. 1 - Some people consider Leeuwenhoek the Father of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 1 - Some people consider Pasteur or Koch to be the...Ch. 1 - Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Ellen screamed...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 1 - Which of the following microorganisms are not...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 1 - In which habitat would you most likely find...Ch. 1 - Of the following scientists, who first promulgated...Ch. 1 - Which of the following scientists hypothesized...
Ch. 1 - Prob. 6MCCh. 1 - Prob. 7MCCh. 1 - Prob. 8MCCh. 1 - A scientist who studies the role of microorganisms...Ch. 1 - The laboratory of Robert Koch contributed which of...Ch. 1 - Fill in the Blanks 1. Environmental microbiology...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 1 - Fill in the Blanks 3. Chemotherapy _______________Ch. 1 - Fill in the Blanks 4. Immunology _______________Ch. 1 - Fill in the Blanks 5. Infection control...Ch. 1 - Fill in the Blanks 6. Etiology _______________Ch. 1 - Fill in the Blanks 7. Epidemiology _______________Ch. 1 - Fill in the Blanks 8. Biotechnology...Ch. 1 - Fill in the Blanks 9. Food microbiology...Ch. 1 - Why was the theory of spontaneous generation a...Ch. 1 - Discuss the significant difference between the...Ch. 1 - List six types of microorganisms.Ch. 1 - Defend this statement: The investigations of...Ch. 1 - Why would a macroscopic tapeworm be studied in...Ch. 1 - Describe what has been called the Golden Age of...Ch. 1 - List four major questions that drive...Ch. 1 - Refer to the four steps in the scientific method...Ch. 1 - Prob. 9SACh. 1 - What does the term HAI (nosocomial infection) have...Ch. 1 - Match each of the following descriptions with the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1VICh. 1 - Show where microbes ended up in Pasteurs...Ch. 1 - If Robert Koch had become interested in a viral...Ch. 1 - In 1911, the Polish scientist Casimir Funk...Ch. 1 - Haemophilus influenzae does not cause flu, but it...Ch. 1 - Just before winter break in early December, your...Ch. 1 - Design an experiment to prove that microbes do not...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6CTCh. 1 - Compare and contrast the investigations of Redi,...Ch. 1 - If you were a career counselor directing a student...Ch. 1 - A few bacteria produce disease because they derive...Ch. 1 - How might the debate over spontaneous generation...Ch. 1 - French microbiologists, led by Pasteur, tried to...Ch. 1 - Why arent Kochs postulates always useful in...Ch. 1 - Albert Kluyver said, From elephant to ......Ch. 1 - The ability of farmers around the world to produce...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1CM
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- The practice of crop rotation uses nitrogen fixation to create fertile fields. First, a plant without a nitrogen-fixing relationship, such as corn, is planted. After the harvest, a nitrogen-fixing plant replaces the initial crop. Instead of harvesting the nitrogen-fixing plant, however, it is plowed under. The cycle continues in this manner. Why would nitrogen-fixing plants be plowed under instead of harvested? a) To increases usable nitrogen in the soil. b) To increase water retention. c) Nitrogen-fixing plants are not a food crop. d) To decrease bacteria in the soil.arrow_forwardplease name some agricultural crops that crave nitrogenarrow_forwardYou decide to perform a simple experiment to determine whether nitrogen or phosphorus is a more limiting nutrient in a pond in your backyard. Using a curtain that does not allow water, nutrients, or organisms to pass through, you divide your pond into four equal-sized quadrats (like a pie with four pieces). You randomly apply one of the following treatments to each quadrat: no nutrients (control), nitrogen only, phosphorus only, nitrogen and phosphorus. After 10 days, you measure net primary productivity (NPP) in each quadrat of your pond. You find the following results: Control NPP = 1.2 g C/m2/d; nitrogen only NPP = 1.3 g C/m2/d; phosphorus only NPP = 2.8 g C/m2/d; nitrogen and phosphorus added NPP = 2.8 g C/m2/d. Which is true about nutrient limitation in your pond? Nitrogen and phosphorus are both limiting nutrients Nitrogen is the only limiting nutrient Neither nutrient is limiting Phosphorus is the only limiting nutrientarrow_forward
- can someone please help me to answer questions a-b thank you 1In a trophic pyramid, each level is smaller than the one below. a) What does the size of each level represent? b) How much energy is transferred from level to level? c) Explain why the levels get smaller as the trophic pyramid goes up.arrow_forwardWhy did the Dazhai Way method for farming increase yields quickly, but then dramatically drop off?arrow_forwardWhat would be the consequences of a global ban on the use of all pesticides in food crops?arrow_forward
- Why is the Nitrogen content of Fertilizers so important?arrow_forwardMiracle RiceRice is staple food in Asia. In the 1950s, Asia faced food shortage and an impending famine. If you have relatives that lived in Asia during the ’50s and ’60s, they may tell you that due to the rice shortage, many starved and those who were lucky had to supplement their diet with other crops, such as barley. In 1962, an organization focused on research and development of rice called International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) developed a high-yielding variety of rice by crossing the two types of rice from Indonesia and China. The result was ground breaking. The new variety called IR8 (India Rice 8) increased its yield as much as 10 times the traditional variety of rice. By the early 1970s, many rice farmers in India, the Philippines, and Vietnam switched to cultivating IR8 rice, making these countries into major rice exporters, preventing a mass famine in Asia, and saving millions of lives. 1) Is the IR8 rice variety considered a genetically modified organism (GMO)? Why or…arrow_forwardThe practice of crop rotation uses nitrogen fixation to create fertile fields. First, a plant without a nitrogen-fixing relationship, such as corn, is planted. After the harvest, a nitrogen-fixing plant replaces the initial crop. Instead of harvesting the nitrogen-fixing plant, however, it is plowed under. The cycle continues in this manner. Why would nitrogen-fixing plants be plowed under instead of harvested? * To increase water retention. Nitrogen-fixing plants are not a food crop. To increases usable nitrogen in the soil. To decrease bacteria in the soil.arrow_forward
- Why do you think high nitrogen rates resulted in an increased incidence of rice diseases in general? How do you think it is related to the increase of insect populations?arrow_forwardWhat kinds of techniques have people used to increase agricultural production? How did Norman Borlaug help inaugurate the Green Revolution?arrow_forwardAnswer the following: a. What is a nutrient cycle? b. What are the different types of nutrient cycles, and describe each briefly. c. What is the importance of the different nutrient cycles on Earth?arrow_forward
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