
Concept explainers
The radius of a solid aluminum sphere that balance a solid iron sphere on an equal arm balance.

Answer to Problem 1.25P
The radius of a solid aluminum sphere is 2.86 cm that balance a solid iron sphere on an equal arm balance.
Explanation of Solution
The mass of one cubic meter aluminum is 2.70×103 kg and the mass of one cubic meter iron is 7.86×103 kg. The radius of the solid iron sphere is 2.0 cm.
Write the formula to calculate the density of aluminum sphere
ρalu=m1V1
Here, ρalu is the density of the aluminum sphere, m1 is the mass of one cubic meter aluminum sphere and V1 is the volume of the aluminum sphere.
Substitute 2.70×103 kg for m1 and 1.0 m3 for V1 to find ρalu.
ρalu=2.70×103 kg1.0 m3=2.70×103 kg/m3
Write the formula to calculate the density of iron sphere
ρiron=m2V2
Here, ρiron is the density of the iron sphere, m2 is the mass of one cubic meter iron sphere and V2 is the volume of the iron sphere.
Substitute 7.86×103 kg for m1 and 1.0 m3 for V1 to find ρiron.
ρiron=7.86×103 kg1.0 m3=7.86×103 kg/m3
Write the formula to calculate the mass of an aluminum sphere
malu=ρalu⋅Valu
Here, malu is the mass of the aluminum sphere, Valu is the volume of the aluminum sphere.
Write the formula to calculate the volume of an aluminum sphere
Valu=43πr3alu
Here, ralu is the radius of the aluminum sphere.
Substitute 43πr3alu for Valu.
malu=ρalu⋅43πr3alu=43πr3aluρalu (I)
Write the formula to calculate the mass of a solid iron sphere of radius 2.0 cm
miron=ρiron⋅Viron
Here, miron is the mass of the aluminum sphere, Viron is the volume of the aluminum sphere.
Write the formula to calculate the volume of iron sphere
Viron=43πr3iron
Here, riron is the radius of the iron sphere.
Substitute 43πr3iron for Viron.
miron=ρiron⋅43πr3iron=43πr3ironρiron (II)
Since both sphere must balance to each other on an equal arm balance. So, they both have equal mass.
Equating equation (I) and equation (II),
malu=miron43πr3aluρalu=43πr3ironρironr3aluρalu=r3ironρironralu=3√ρironρalu⋅riron
Conclusion:
Substituting 2.0 cm for riron, 7.86×103 kg/m3 for ρiron and 2.70×103 kg/m3 for ρalu in the above equation to find ralu.
ralu=(3√7.86×103 kg/m32.70×103 kg/m3)⋅(2.0 cm)=1.427×2.0 cm=2.86 cm
Therefore, the radius of a solid aluminum sphere is 2.86 cm that balance a solid iron sphere on an equal arm balance.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
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