Chapter 1, Problem 10PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure for each negative ion is to be written and the formal negative charge is to be assigned to the correct atom.

Concept introduction:

The Lewis structure of a molecule is a representation of the molecule in which valence electrons of an atom are involved and are structurally represented.

The number of valence electrons of the atom is equal to the number of the group to which it belongs. Bonding atoms attain stable electronic configuration and a stable electronic configuration, generally, has eight electrons in the valence shell.

To attain stable configuration, atoms share their electrons with each other.

The formal charge is calculated as follows:

$\text{F}=\text{Z}-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\text{S}-\text{U}$

Here, F is the formal charge, Z is the group number of the element or valence electrons, S is the number of shared electrons, and U is the number of unshared electrons.