You wish to test the following claim (HaHa) at a significance level of α=0.10α=0.10. For the context of this problem, μd=μ2−μ1μd=μ2-μ1 where the first data set represents a pre-test and the second data set represents a post-test.       Ho:μd=0Ho:μd=0       Ha:μd<0Ha:μd<0 You believe the population of difference scores is normally distributed, but you do not know the standard deviation. You obtain the following sample of data: pre-test post-test 63.4 32 62.2 41.9 40.4 51 62.2 25.7 56.9 41.9 69.1 80.6 59.1 66 66.7 60.6 68.1 69.3 49.3 11.1 What is the critical value for this test? (Report answer accurate to three decimal places.) critical value =  What is the test statistic for this sample? (Report answer accurate to three decimal places.) test statistic =  The test statistic is... in the critical region not in the critical region This test statistic leads to a decision to... reject the null accept the null fail to reject the null As such, the final conclusion is that... There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0. There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0. The sample data support the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0. There is not sufficient sample evidence to support the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0.

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You wish to test the following claim (HaHa) at a significance level of α=0.10α=0.10. For the context of this problem, μd=μ2−μ1μd=μ2-μ1 where the first data set represents a pre-test and the second data set represents a post-test.

      Ho:μd=0Ho:μd=0
      Ha:μd<0Ha:μd<0

You believe the population of difference scores is normally distributed, but you do not know the standard deviation. You obtain the following sample of data:

pre-test post-test
63.4 32
62.2 41.9
40.4 51
62.2 25.7
56.9 41.9
69.1 80.6
59.1 66
66.7 60.6
68.1 69.3
49.3 11.1



What is the critical value for this test? (Report answer accurate to three decimal places.)
critical value = 

What is the test statistic for this sample? (Report answer accurate to three decimal places.)
test statistic = 

The test statistic is...

  • in the critical region
  • not in the critical region



This test statistic leads to a decision to...

  • reject the null
  • accept the null
  • fail to reject the null



As such, the final conclusion is that...

  • There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0.
  • There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0.
  • The sample data support the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0.
  • There is not sufficient sample evidence to support the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0.
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