You wish to test the following claim (Ha) at a significance level of α=0.01. For the context of this problem, μd=μ2−μ1 where the first data set represents a pre-test and the second data set represents a post-test.       Ho:μd=0       Ha:μd>0

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You wish to test the following claim (Ha) at a significance level of α=0.01. For the context of this problem, μd=μ2−μ1 where the first data set represents a pre-test and the second data set represents a post-test.

      Ho:μd=0
      Ha:μd>0

You believe the population of difference scores is normally distributed, but you do not know the standard deviation. You obtain pre-test and post-test samples for n=109 subjects. The average difference (post - pre) is ¯d=4.8 with a standard deviation of the differences of sd=27.7.

What is the critical value for this test? (Report answer accurate to three decimal places.)
critical value =

What is the test statistic for this sample? (Report answer accurate to three decimal places.)
test statistic =

The test statistic is...

  • in the critical region
  • not in the critical region



This test statistic leads to a decision to...

  • reject the null
  • accept the null
  • fail to reject the null
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